{"id":12399,"date":"2026-08-02T20:12:12","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T00:12:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/?page_id=12399"},"modified":"2026-08-03T12:05:30","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T16:05:30","slug":"glossar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossar"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12399\" class=\"elementor elementor-12399\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccc3af5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ccc3af5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2813c157 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2813c157\" data-element_type=\"container\" 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style=\"--chd-accent:#8b1a1a;--chd-hover:#1a1410;--chd-body-color:#1a1410;--chd-body-size:14px;--chd-body-line-height:20px;--chd-title-color:#1a1410;--chd-title-size:24px;--chd-title-weight:700;--chd-title-margin-bottom:14px;--chd-label-color:#939393;--chd-label-size:10px;--chd-label-weight:700;--chd-label-letter-spacing:1.7px;--chd-letter-color:#ffffff;--chd-letter-bg:#8b1a1a;--chd-letter-size:22px;--chd-letter-radius:999px;--chd-letter-pad-y:7px;--chd-letter-pad-x:16px;--chd-az-size:26px;--chd-az-font-size:11px;--chd-az-gap:6px;--chd-read-color:#ffffff;--chd-read-bg:#8b1a1a;--chd-read-hover-color:#ffffff;--chd-read-hover-bg:#1a1410;--chd-read-size:10px;--chd-read-weight:700;--chd-read-spacing:1.5px;--chd-read-pad-y:7px;--chd-read-pad-x:14px;--chd-read-radius:999px;--chd-related-color:#1a1410;--chd-related-bg:#f5f0ea;--chd-related-border:#d8d8d8;--chd-related-hover-color:#ffffff;--chd-related-hover-bg:#8b1a1a;--chd-related-hover-border:#8b1a1a;--chd-related-size:11px;--chd-related-weight:700;--chd-related-pad-y:4px;--chd-related-pad-x:10px;--chd-related-radius:999px;--chd-control-height:42px;--chd-control-size:10px;--chd-control-weight:700;--chd-control-spacing:1.2px;--chd-control-bg:#f5f0ea;--chd-control-color:#1a1410;--chd-control-border:#d8d8d8;--chd-control-radius:4px;--chd-highlight-bg:#f5f0ea;--chd-term-padding:16px;--chd-term-border:#d8d8d8;--chd-section-spacing:48px;--chd-content-width:none;--chd-header-offset:130px;--chd-scroll-offset:250px;--chd-mobile-header-offset:100px;--chd-mobile-scroll-offset:150px;--chd-mobile-right:16px;--chd-mobile-bottom:16px;\"><div id=\"chd-glossary-1-top\" class=\"chd-glossary__top\"><div class=\"chd-glossary__search-wrap\"><label class=\"screen-reader-text\" for=\"chd-glossary-1-search\">Glossar durchsuchen<\/label><input id=\"chd-glossary-1-search\" class=\"chd-glossary__search\" type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search the glossary...\" autocomplete=\"off\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chd-glossary__clear\" hidden>Klar<\/button><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__count\" aria-live=\"polite\">1303 Begriffe<\/p><\/div><nav class=\"chd-glossary__az\" aria-label=\"Glossary letters\"><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-a\">A<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-b\">B<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-c\">C<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-d\">D<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-e\">E<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-f\">F<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-g\">G<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-h\">H<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-i\">I<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-j\">J<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-k\">K<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-l\">L<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-m\">M<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-n\">N<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-o\">O<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-p\">P<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-q\">Q<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-r\">R<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-s\">S<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-t\">T<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-u\">U<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-v\">V<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-w\">W<\/a><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-x\">X<\/a><span>Y<\/span><a href=\"#chd-glossary-1-letter-z\">Z<\/a><\/nav><div class=\"chd-glossary__letters\"><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-#\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">#<\/h2><article id=\"10-year-cardiovascular-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">10-Jahres-Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risiko<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Zehnjahresrisiko f\u00fcr Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen ist eine berechnete Wahrscheinlichkeit \u2013 ausgedr\u00fcckt als Prozentsatz \u2013, dass eine Person innerhalb des n\u00e4chsten Jahrzehnts ein schweres kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis wie einen Herzinfarkt oder Schlaganfall erleidet; es wird anhand validierter Gleichungen gesch\u00e4tzt, die Alter, Geschlecht, Blutdruck, Cholesterinspiegel, Diabetesstatus und Rauchen einbeziehen; aktuelle Leitlinien sehen die Erw\u00e4gung von Aspirin zur Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention f\u00fcr Erw\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Diese Zahl ist der entscheidende Schwellenwert, den \u00c4rzte nutzen, um zu entscheiden, ob bei einer Person, die noch nie eine Herzerkrankung hatte, der Nutzen von Aspirin die Blutungsrisiken voraussichtlich \u00fcberwiegt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"11%ce%b2-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase-type-1-11%ce%b2-hsd1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid-Dehydrogenase Typ 1 (11\u03b2-HSD1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>11\u03b2-HSD1 ist ein im Fettgewebe exprimiertes Enzym, das inaktives Cortison lokal in aktives Cortisol umwandelt und so die Glucocorticoid-Signal\u00fcbertragung in Fettdepots verst\u00e4rkt; seine im Vergleich zum subkutanen Fett relativ h\u00f6here Expression im viszeralen Fett kann ein Gewebemilieu schaffen, das die Lipidspeicherung und eine Stoffwechseldysfunktion f\u00f6rdert, die einem milden Cushing-Syndrom \u00e4hnelt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dieses Enzym verkn\u00fcpft chronischen Stress auf molekularer Ebene mit der Ansammlung von viszeralem Fett, unabh\u00e4ngig vom Gesamtkortisolgehalt im Blutkreislauf.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"12-lead-ecg\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">12-Kanal-EKG<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Standard-Elektrokardiogramm, das die elektrische Aktivit\u00e4t des Herzens gleichzeitig von zw\u00f6lf Elektrodenpositionen aufzeichnet, die an den Gliedma\u00dfen und am Brustkorb angebracht sind; bei Durchf\u00fchrung unter maximaler Belastung kann es isch\u00e4mische Ver\u00e4nderungen wie ST-Strecken-Senkungen aufdecken, die in Ruhe unsichtbar sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Verst\u00e4ndnis daf\u00fcr, warum ein Ruhe-EKG signifikante Blockaden \u00fcbersehen kann, erkl\u00e4rt, warum Belastungstests unter maximaler Anstrengung f\u00fcr Sportler wichtig sind.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"17%ce%b2-estradiol-e2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">17\u03b2-\u00d6stradiol (E2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die wirksamste und biologisch aktivste Form von \u00d6strogen, die w\u00e4hrend der reproduktiven Jahre haupts\u00e4chlich von den Ovarialfollikeln produziert wird; sie wirkt auf \u00d6strogenrezeptoren im gesamten Gehirn und K\u00f6rper, um den Glukosestoffwechsel, die synaptische Funktion, die Stimmung und den vaskul\u00e4ren Tonus zu regulieren, und sinkt w\u00e4hrend der Menopause abrupt ab.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die Erkenntnis, welches spezifische \u00d6strogen beteiligt ist, hilft zu erkl\u00e4ren, warum die Menopause das Gehirn und das Herz so tiefgreifend beeinflusst und warum Formulierungen von Hormontherapien nicht austauschbar sind.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"2018-acc-aha-cholesterol-guideline\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">2018 ACC\/AHA-Cholesterin-Leitlinie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine wichtige US-amerikanische Leitlinie f\u00fcr die klinische Praxis zum Cholesterinmanagement, die den CAC-Score als Entscheidungshilfe einbezieht, empfiehlt, dass eine Statintherapie bei asymptomatischen Personen mit intermedi\u00e4rem Risiko, die einen CAC-Score von Null aufweisen, aufgeschoben werden kann, es sei denn, es liegen Diabetes, aktives Rauchen oder eine starke famili\u00e4re Vorbelastung mit vorzeitiger kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Erkrankung vor.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Diese Leitlinie ist die Hauptautorit\u00e4t f\u00fcr die klinische Praxis, bei einem Agatston-Score von Null (zero CAC score) den Beginn einer Statin-Therapie hinauszuz\u00f6gern oder zu vermeiden.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"2019-acc-aha-primary-prevention-guideline\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">2019 ACC\/AHA-Leitlinie zur Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gemeinsame Leitlinie f\u00fcr die klinische Praxis des American College of Cardiology und der American Heart Association zu Strategien zur Verhinderung eines ersten kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Ereignisses, einschlie\u00dflich Empfehlungen zur angemessenen Verwendung und zu den Grenzen von Standard-Risikorechnern und bildgebenden Verfahren in der Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Diese Leitlinie bestimmt, was \u00c4rzten bei routinem\u00e4\u00dfigen kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Untersuchungen empfohlen und was nicht empfohlen wird, weshalb das Verst\u00e4ndnis ihres Geltungsbereichs Patienten dabei hilft, bessere Fragen dar\u00fcber zu stellen, ob eine zus\u00e4tzliche Abkl\u00e4rung angezeigt ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"2020-esc-sports-cardiology-guideline\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ESC-Leitlinie f\u00fcr Sportkardiologie 2020<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die ESC-Leitlinie f\u00fcr Sportkardiologie aus dem Jahr 2020 ist das evidenzbasierte Dokument der Europ\u00e4ischen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Kardiologie, das Empfehlungen zu kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Screening-Untersuchungen, zur Risikostratifizierung und zu Entscheidungen \u00fcber die Wiederaufnahme des Sports f\u00fcr Leistungs- und Breitensportler, einschlie\u00dflich Masters-Sportlern mit verd\u00e4chtigen oder bekannten Herzerkrankungen, enth\u00e4lt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es setzt den aktuellen klinischen Standard daf\u00fcr, wie \u00c4rzte \u00e4ltere Sportler untersuchen sollten, die m\u00f6glicherweise kardiovaskul\u00e4re Pathologien hinter hoher Fitness verbergen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"2024-nia-aa-revised-criteria\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u00dcberarbeitete NIA-AA-Kriterien 2024<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die revidierten NIA-AA-Kriterien von 2024 sind diagnostische Leitlinien des National Institute on Aging und der Alzheimer's Association, die die Alzheimer-Krankheit biologisch durch das Vorhandensein von Amyloid- und Tau-Kernbiomarkern definieren, unabh\u00e4ngig von klinischen Symptomen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Der Artikel setzt sich ausdr\u00fccklich mit diesen Kriterien auseinander, um zu argumentieren, dass die Definition von Alzheimer anhand ihres nachgeschalteten Biomarker-Fingerabdrucks mit der Annahme vereinbar ist, dass eine Gef\u00e4sserkrankung eine vorgeschaltete Ursache dieses Fingerabdrucks ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"24s-hydroxycholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">24S-Hydroxycholesterin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>24S-Hydroxycholesterol ist ein Oxysterol, das im Gehirn durch enzymatische Umwandlung von Cholesterol produziert wird, wodurch es die Blut-Schranke \u00fcberwinden und im Blutkreislauf abgebaut werden kann \u2013 dem prim\u00e4ren Ausscheidungsweg f\u00fcr Gehirncholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es ist das messbare Nebenprodukt des Gehirncholesterin-Turnovers und ein potenzieller Biomarker des Cholesterinstoffwechsels im zentralen Nervensystem.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"5-methyltetrahydrofolate-5-mthf\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">5-Methyltetrahydrofolat (5-MTHF)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die biologisch aktive Form von Folat, die im Blut zirkuliert und als Methyldonor bei der Remethylierung von Homocystein zu Methionin dient; es ist die Form, die vom Enzym Methioninsynthase verwendet und in Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmitteln als 'L-Methylfolat' verkauft wird.'<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Verst\u00e4ndnis, dass dies die aktive Folat-Form ist, hilft zu erkl\u00e4ren, warum herk\u00f6mmliche Fols\u00e4ure vom K\u00f6rper umgewandelt werden muss, bevor sie Homocystein senken kann.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"640-slice-ct-scanner\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">640-Zeilen-CT-Scanner<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein fortschrittliches CT-System, dessen Detektor breit genug (160 mm) ist, um das gesamte Herz in einer einzigen Rotation und einem Herzschlag zu erfassen, wodurch die Artefakte durch Bildzusammenf\u00fcgung, die bei schmaleren Detektoren auftreten, eliminiert und Strahlendosen von unter 1 Millisievert erm\u00f6glicht werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Der Artikel argumentiert, dass diese Technologie die longitudinale Plaque-Verfolgung sicherer und praktikabler macht, was ihre potenziell wichtige Rolle in der routinem\u00e4\u00dfigen pr\u00e4ventiven Kardiologie unterst\u00fctzt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"%ce%b2-adrenergic-responsiveness\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u03b2-adrenerge Responsivit\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die \u03b2-adrenerge Responsivit\u00e4t bezeichnet die Empfindlichkeit des Herzens gegen\u00fcber der Stimulation durch Adrenalin und verwandte Stresshormone \u00fcber beta-adrenerge Rezeptoren; das Altern verringert diese Empfindlichkeit und schr\u00e4nkt ein, wie schnell und kraftvoll das Herzen bei maximaler Belastung reagieren kann, selbst bei gut trainierten Personen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die abnehmende Beta-Rezeptor-Empfindlichkeit ist ein Grund daf\u00fcr, dass die maximale Herzfrequenz mit dem Alter unabh\u00e4ngig von der Fitness sinkt, wodurch der sportlichen Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit eine biologische Obergrenze gesetzt wird.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"%ce%b2-hydroxybutyrate-%ce%b2hb\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u03b2-Hydroxybutyrat (\u03b2HB)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der prim\u00e4re Ketonk\u00f6rper, der beim Fettstoffwechsel produziert wird; seine Blutkonzentration wird als wichtigster biochemischer Marker f\u00fcr Ketose verwendet, unabh\u00e4ngig davon, ob diese durch Fasten, sehr kohlenhydratarme Ern\u00e4hrung oder die Einnahme von exogenen Ketonpr\u00e4paraten herbeigef\u00fchrt wurde.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Verst\u00e4ndnis von \u03b2HB verdeutlicht, was 'in Ketose zu sein' chemisch tats\u00e4chlich bedeutet, was f\u00fcr die Bewertung von gesundheitsbezogenen Angaben zur Keto-Ern\u00e4hrung unerl\u00e4sslich ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"%ce%b3-butyrobetaine-%ce%b3bb\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u03b3-Butyrobetain (\u03b3BB)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>\u03b3-Butyrobetain (\u03b3BB) ist ein wichtiger metabolischer Zwischenschritt, der im proximalen Darm entsteht, wenn Bakterien beginnen, L-Carnitin aus der Nahrung zu verarbeiten; es reichert sich in einer Rate an, die etwa 1.000-mal h\u00f6her ist als die direkte TMA-Bildung, und dient als Reservoir, das die TMA- und TMAO-Produktion noch lange nach der Verdauung einer fleischhaltigen Mahlzeit aufrechtzuerhalten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das \u03b3BB-Reservoir erkl\u00e4rt, warum eine einzige Ern\u00e4hrungsumstellung Ihren TMAO-Spiegel m\u00f6glicherweise nicht schnell senkt \u2013 der Darm verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber einen gro\u00dfen Vorrat, aus dem er sch\u00f6pfen kann.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-a\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">A<\/h2><article id=\"abca1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ABCA1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ABCA1 ist ein Protein, das Cholesterin aus Zellen herauspumpt und es an HDL-Partikel f\u00fcr den R\u00fccktransport zur Leber \u00fcbergibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es ist der erste Schritt des reversen Cholesterintransports. Menschen mit zwei defekten Kopien entwickeln die Tangier-Krankheit mit fast \u00fcberhaupt keinem HDL \u2013 ein nat\u00fcrliches Experiment dar\u00fcber, was HDL eigentlich tut.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-efflux-capacity\">Cholesterin-Efflux-Kapazit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"abca1-abcg1-atp-binding-cassette-transporters\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ABCA1 \/ ABCG1 (ATP-Binding-Cassette-Transporter)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Membranproteine in Makrophagen-Schaumzellen, die intrazellul\u00e4res Cholesterol zu extrazellul\u00e4ren Akzeptoren wie apoA-I und HDL exportieren; ihre Aktivierung w\u00e4hrend der Lipidsenkung ist ein Schl\u00fcsselschritt bei der Plaqueregressio, die es lipidbeladenen Zellen erm\u00f6glicht, ihre Cholesterolfracht abzugeben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Sie sind die molekularen 'Ausgangst\u00fcren', die es erm\u00f6glichen, dass Cholesterin, das in den Zellen der Arterienwand eingeschlossen ist, entfernt wird \u2013 sie zu verstehen, kl\u00e4rt, wie die lipidsenkende Therapie auf zellul\u00e4rer Ebene funktioniert.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Abdominales Aortenaneurysma (AAA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Bauchaortenaneurysma ist eine Erweiterung der Aorta im Bauchraum, die prim\u00e4r durch chronische Entz\u00fcndungen, Arteriosklerose und eine unkontrollierte proteolytische Kaskade angetrieben wird, bei der Matrix-Metalloproteinasen das Elastin- und Kollagenger\u00fcst der Wand zerst\u00f6ren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AAA teilt seine Ursache mit der koronaren und peripheren Arterienkrankheit, was es zu einem relevanten Risiko f\u00fcr jeden macht, der bereits kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risikofaktoren managt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"abetalipoproteinemia-abl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Abetalipoprotein\u00e4mie (ABL)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Abetalipoprotein\u00e4mie ist eine seltene autosomal-rezessive Erkrankung, die durch Funktionsverlustmutationen im MTTP-Gen verursacht wird, welches f\u00fcr den Zusammenbau und die Sekretion von ApoB-haltigen Lipoproteinen erforderlich ist; betroffene Personen weisen ein nahezu vollst\u00e4ndiges Fehlen zirkulierender ApoB-Partikel auf, wobei das Gesamtcholesterin typischerweise unter 30 mg\/dl liegt und LDL-C oft nicht nachweisbar ist. Trotz schwerwiegender nicht-kardialer Komplikationen (Fettmalabsorption...<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es ist der beste reale Beweis daf\u00fcr, dass Atherosklerose ohne ApoB-haltige Partikel im Wesentlichen nicht auftritt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"absolute-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Absolutes Risiko<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das absolute Risiko ist die tats\u00e4chliche Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Ihnen etwas passiert, ausgedr\u00fcckt als Prozentsatz. Wenn Ihr absolutes Risiko f\u00fcr einen Herzinfarkt in den n\u00e4chsten zehn Jahren bei 12 Prozent liegt, bedeutet das, dass etwa 12 von jeweils 100 Menschen wie Ihnen einen erleiden w\u00fcrden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dies unterscheidet sich vom relativen Risiko, das nur zwei Gruppen vergleicht. Ein Medikament, das das Risiko um 25 Prozent senkt, klingt enorm, aber wenn Ihr Ausgangsrisiko winzig war, ist auch der reale Nutzen winzig. Fragen Sie immer nach der absoluten Zahl.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#number-needed-to-treat\">Number Needed to Treat<\/a><a href=\"#relative-risk\">Relatives Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"acc-aha-pooled-cohort-equations\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ACC\/AHA-Gleichungen f\u00fcr gepoolte Kohorten<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die ACC\/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations sind eine Reihe von Herz-Kreislauf-Risikorechnern, die gemeinsam vom American College of Cardiology und der American Heart Association entwickelt und 2013 eingef\u00fchrt wurden. Sie sch\u00e4tzen das Zehnjahresrisiko f\u00fcr ein erstes atherosklerotisches kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis anhand von Alter, Geschlecht, Rasse, Cholesterinspiegel, Blutdruck, Diabetes und Raucherstatus ab.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Sie sind der am weitesten verbreitete Risikorechner in den Vereinigten Staaten und bestimmen oft, wem eine Statintherapie angeboten wird \u2013 das Verst\u00e4ndnis ihrer Grenzen erkl\u00e4rt, warum manchmal zus\u00e4tzliche Tests erforderlich sind.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"accelerate-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ACCELERATE-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe, randomisierte Studie zu Evacetrapib, die zwar das HDL-Cholesterin erheblich erh\u00f6hte und das LDL-Cholesterin senkte, aber dennoch das kardiovaskul\u00e4re Ergebnis bei Hochrisikopatienten nicht verbessern konnte, untermauert weiterhin die Ansicht, dass HDL-C eher ein Marker als ein kausaler Schutzfaktor ist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es bekr\u00e4ftigt, warum die HDL-erh\u00f6hende Wirkung von Kokosnuss\u00f6l kein nennenswerter kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Nutzen ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"accord\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VEREINBARUNG<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ACCORD war eine gro\u00dfe Studie, die untersuchte, ob eine sehr aggressive Senkung des Blutzuckerspiegels bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes Herzinfarkte verhindern w\u00fcrde.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das tat sie nicht, und in der intensiven Gruppe gab es mehr Todesf\u00e4lle. Die Lehre daraus war, dass das Senken eines Wertes nicht automatisch dasselbe ist wie dem Patienten zu helfen \u2013 ein Thema, das sich durch die gesamte Kardiologie zieht.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ace-inhibitor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ACE-Hemmer<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein ACE-Hemmer (Angiotensin-Converting-Enzym-Hemmer) ist eine Medikamentenklasse, die den Blutdruck senkt und die Belastung des Herzens verringert, indem sie das Enzym blockiert, das die Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe verengt. ACE-Hemmer wurden Teil der Standardversorgung nach einem Herzinfarkt und geh\u00f6ren zu den Behandlungen, die der Artikel als erst nach dem bereits begonnenen anf\u00e4nglichen R\u00fcckgang der Koronarmortalit\u00e4t eintreffend auff\u00fchrt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ACE-Hemmer veranschaulichen, wie wirksame Medikamente das \u00dcberleben verbessern und ein erneutes Auftreten selbst nach einem Herzinfarkt verhindern k\u00f6nnen, was die Phase der 'pharmakologischen Konsolidierung' des R\u00fcckgangs darstellt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"acetabulum\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">H\u00fcftgelenkpfanne<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die napff\u00f6rmige Gelenkpfanne im Becken, in die der Oberschenkelkopf passt und das H\u00fcftgelenk bildet; ein Bruch des Acetabulums st\u00f6rt dieses Gelenk und kann die Gewichtsbelastung sowie die Funktion der unteren Extremit\u00e4t w\u00e4hrend der Genesung stark einschr\u00e4nken.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>H\u00fcftfrakturen und Beckenverletzungen haben erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die kardiovaskul\u00e4re Rehabilitation, insbesondere bei \u00e4lteren Sportlern, die versuchen, ihre Kondition aufrechtzuerhalten.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"acetaldehyde\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Acetaldehyd<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein hochreaktives und toxisches Zwischenprodukt, das entsteht, wenn Alkohol-Dehydrogenase Ethanol in der Leber abbaut; Acetaldehyd f\u00f6rdert oxidativen Stress, sch\u00e4digt Zellverbindungen und \u00fcbt direkte kardiotoxische Wirkungen aus, insbesondere bei Personen mit beeintr\u00e4chtigter Aldehyd-Dehydrogenase-Aktivit\u00e4t.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es ist der Hauptverursacher der Giftwirkung hinter den direkten Sch\u00e4den von Alkohol an den Herzmuskelzellen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"acute-coronary-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Akutes Koronarsyndrom<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Akutes Koronarsyndrom (AKS) ist der Oberbegriff f\u00fcr jeden pl\u00f6tzlichen Abfall der Blutversorgung des Herzens \u2013 von instabiler Angina pectoris bis hin zu einem vollst\u00e4ndigen Herzinfarkt \u2013, der durch das pl\u00f6tzliche Aufrei\u00dfen oder die Erosion einer Plaque verursacht wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die genaue Diagnose h\u00e4ngt von Blutuntersuchungen und einem EKG ab, aber das zugrunde liegende Ereignis ist dasselbe: Eine Plaque, die unauff\u00e4llig in der Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand sa\u00df, bricht auf. Aus diesem Grund m\u00fcssen neue oder sich verschlimmernde Brustschmerzen noch am selben Tag abgekl\u00e4rt werden und nicht nach dem Abwarten-und-Beobachten-Prinzip.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#unstable-angina\">Instabile Angina pectoris<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adam17-sheddase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ADAM17 (Sheddase)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Metalloproteinase-Enzym, das die extrazellul\u00e4re Dom\u00e4ne membrangebundener Rezeptoren spaltet und sie in l\u00f6sliche, zirkulierende Formen \u00fcberf\u00fchrt; im Kontext der IL-6-Signalisierung spaltet ADAM17 den membrangebundenen IL-6-Rezeptor (mIL-6R), um die l\u00f6sliche Form (sIL-6R) zu erzeugen, die eine breitere proinflammatorische Trans-Signalisierung im gesamten K\u00f6rper erm\u00f6glicht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die ADAM17-Aktivit\u00e4t bestimmt, wie viel IL-6-Signal\u00fcbertragung die Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand erreicht \u2013 ein entscheidender Schritt daf\u00fcr, ob sich Lipidablagerungen zu gef\u00e4hrlichen Plaque entwickeln.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adaptable-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ADAPTABLE-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ADAPTABLE war eine pragmatische, randomisierte Studie mit 15.076 Patienten mit bekannter atherosklerotischer Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung, in der 81 mg versus 325 mg Aspirin t\u00e4glich verglichen wurden; sie ergab keinen signifikanten Unterschied bei den kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Endpunkten oder schweren Blutungen zwischen den beiden Dosen, was 81 mg als bevorzugte Erhaltungsdosis unterst\u00fctzt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es ist der gr\u00f6\u00dfte direkte Kopf-an-Kopf-Vergleich der beiden h\u00e4ufigsten Aspirindosen und liefert direkte Erkenntnisse dar\u00fcber, welche Dosis Patienten und \u00c4rzte w\u00e4hlen sollten.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adaptive-intimal-thickening\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adaptives Intimawachstum<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die adaptive Intimaverdickung ist eine normale, nicht-pathologische fokale Verdickung der innersten Arterienschicht, die an Biegungen und Verzweigungspunkten als Reaktion auf eine gest\u00f6rte Blutstr\u00f6mung auftritt; sie ist durch glatte Muskelzellen in einer Proteoglykan-Kollagen-Matrix gekennzeichnet und weist im Gegensatz zu atherosklerotischen L\u00e4sionen weder eine Lipidansammlung noch eine entz\u00fcndliche Schaumzellinfiltration auf.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Verst\u00e4ndnis dieses Unterschieds tr\u00e4gt dazu bei zu verdeutlichen, warum nicht jede Verdickung einer Arterienwand eine Erkrankung ist \u2013 die Fehlklassifizierung als Atherosklerose hat in der Vergangenheit die Pr\u00e4valenzsch\u00e4tzungen in die H\u00f6he getrieben.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"added-sugar\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Zuckerzusatz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Zugesetzter Zucker ist Zucker, der bei der Verarbeitung oder beim Kochen in Lebensmittel gegeben wird, anstatt Zucker, der von Natur aus in Obst oder Milch vorkommt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Zu viel zugesetzter Zucker kann den Triglyceridspiegel erh\u00f6hen, K\u00f6rperfett in der Bauchregion anlagern und den K\u00f6rper in Richtung Insulinresistenz dr\u00e4ngen. All dies erh\u00f6ht die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Herzerkrankungen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carbohydrate\">Kohlenhydrat<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adh1b\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ADH1B<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Gen, das f\u00fcr Alkoholdehydrogenase 1B kodiert, das Enzym, das f\u00fcr den ersten Schritt des Ethanolstoffwechsels verantwortlich ist; genetische Varianten in ADH1B (insbesondere rs1229984) beeinflussen, wie schnell Alkohol abgebaut wird, und werden h\u00e4ufig als instrumentelle Variablen in mendelianischen Randomisierungsstudien zu Alkohol und kardiovaskul\u00e4rem Risiko verwendet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die Anwendung in der Mendelschen Randomisierung erm\u00f6glicht es Forschern, die Auswirkungen von Alkohol ohne die St\u00f6rfaktoren des Lebensstils zu untersuchen, die Beobachtungsstudien plagen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adherence\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Einhaltung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Einnahmetreue bedeutet, dass Sie Ihre Medikamente tats\u00e4chlich so einnehmen, wie sie verschrieben wurden, Tag f\u00fcr Tag.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das ist wichtiger, als die meisten Menschen erkennen. Cholesterinmedikamente wirken, indem sie Ihre Partikelanzahl \u00fcber viele Jahre hinweg senken. Das Auslassen von Dosen verringert den Nutzen nicht nur ein wenig \u2013 es kann den gr\u00f6\u00dften Teil zunichtemachen, da der Schutz von der Gesamtexposition im Laufe der Zeit herr\u00fchrt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#inclisiran\">Inclisiran<\/a><a href=\"#nocebo-effect\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adipokines\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adipokine<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Adipokine sind bioaktive Molek\u00fcle \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich Leptin, Adiponektin, TNF-\u03b1 und IL-6 \u2013, die von Fettzellen ausgesch\u00fcttet werden und als Hormone oder Signalproteine wirken, um den Stoffwechsel, die Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Entz\u00fcndungen und die Energiebalance im gesamten K\u00f6rper zu regulieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Wissen, dass Fettgewebe chemisch mit anderen Organen kommuniziert, hilft zu erkl\u00e4ren, wie \u00fcbersch\u00fcssiges viszerales Fett systemische Erkrankungen weit entfernt vom Bauchraum antreiben kann.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adiponectin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adiponektin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Adiponektin ist ein Adipokin, das die Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t erh\u00f6ht und die Fetts\u00e4ureoxidation \u00fcber eine AMPK-Aktivierung f\u00f6rdert; seine Konzentration im Blut sinkt mit zunehmendem viszeralen Fett, weshalb ein niedriger Adiponektinspiegel ein fr\u00fcher Indikator f\u00fcr ein kardiometabolisches Risiko ist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Adiponectinspiegel gew\u00e4hren einen Einblick in die metabolische Gesundheit, den Gewichtsmessungen v\u00f6llig \u00fcbersehen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adjudication\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Schiedsverfahren<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Adjudication ist der Prozess, bei dem ein unabh\u00e4ngiges Komitee jedes gemeldete Ereignis in einer Studie \u00fcberpr\u00fcft und entscheidet, was tats\u00e4chlich passiert ist, ohne zu wissen, welche Behandlung der Patient erhalten hat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es verhindert, dass Begeisterung das Ergebnis beeinflusst. Ob ein Krankenhausaufenthalt als Herzinfarkt gewertet wurde, sollte nicht davon abh\u00e4ngen, in welchem Studienarm sich der Patient befand.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"advanced-glycation-end-products-ages\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>AGEs sind Verbindungen, die entstehen, wenn Proteine oder Fette Zucker oder hohen Kochtemperaturen ausgesetzt werden; in bei starker Hitze gegartem Fleisch binden sie an einen Rezeptor namens RAGE auf Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfzellen, wodurch eine Entz\u00fcndungskaskade ausgel\u00f6st wird. Der Artikel f\u00fchrt sie als eine von mehreren Komponenten von rotem Fleisch auf \u2013 neben ges\u00e4ttigten Fetten und H\u00e4m-Eisen \u2013, die unabh\u00e4ngig von TMAO die kardiovaskul\u00e4re Gesundheit sch\u00e4digen k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Sie veranschaulichen, warum die Isolierung von TMAO als 'den' sch\u00e4dlichen Inhaltsstoff in rotem Fleisch ein komplexes Ern\u00e4hrungsbild zu stark vereinfacht.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adventist-health-studies\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adventist Health Studies<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Reihe langj\u00e4hriger prospektiver Kohortenstudien, in denen die gesundheitlichen Ergebnisse bei Siebenten-Tags-Adventisten untersucht wurden \u2013 einer Bev\u00f6lkerungsgruppe mit einem hohen Anteil an Vegetariern; zu den Ergebnissen geh\u00f6rt ein um 62% geringeres Risiko f\u00fcr Typ-2-Diabetes bei Veganern im Vergleich zu Nichtvegetariern, unabh\u00e4ngig vom K\u00f6rpergewicht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Diese Studien liefern einige der st\u00e4rksten epidemiologischen Belege daf\u00fcr, dass eine pflanzliche Ern\u00e4hrung mit einem verringerten Risiko f\u00fcr chronische Krankheiten verbunden ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adventist-health-study-2-ahs-2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe prospektive Kohortenstudie mit etwa 96.000 Siebenten-Tags-Adventisten in Nordamerika, die in der Ern\u00e4hrungsepidemiologie gesch\u00e4tzt wird, weil niedrige Raucher- und Alkoholkonsumraten in dieser Population wichtige verhaltensbedingte St\u00f6rvariablen reduzieren, was eine klarere Bewertung von Ern\u00e4hrungsmustern hinsichtlich Mortalit\u00e4t und Krankheitsoutcomes erm\u00f6glicht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Ein Gro\u00dfteil der Belege, die f\u00fcr die gesundheitlichen Vorteile einer vegetarischen Ern\u00e4hrung angef\u00fchrt werden, stammt direkt aus dieser Kohorte. Wenn man also wei\u00df, worum es sich dabei handelt, hilft das bei der Beurteilung der Qualit\u00e4t dieser Behauptungen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"adventitia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Adventitia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Adventitia ist die z\u00e4he \u00e4u\u00dferste Schicht einer Arterie, die gr\u00f6\u00dftenteils aus Bindegewebe, Nerven und den kleinen Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfen besteht, die die Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand versorgen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es wurde lange Zeit als blo\u00dfe H\u00fclle betrachtet. Heute ist bekannt, dass es eine aktive Rolle bei Entz\u00fcndungen und bei der Umformung einer Arterie w\u00e4hrend des Plaquewachstums spielt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#arterial-remodeling\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/a><a href=\"#artery\">Arterie<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#vasa-vasorum\">Vasa Vasorum<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerobic-event-100-aerobic\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerobic-Wettkampf (100% Aerobic)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Trainingsbelastung, die vollst\u00e4ndig durch oxidativen Stoffwechsel aufrechterhalten wird und auf eine kontinuierliche Sauerstoffzufuhr zur ATP-Produktion angewiesen ist; der Stundenweltrekord im Radfahren ist so klassifiziert, da jede nennenswerte Verschiebung hin zu anaeroben Stoffwechselwegen die Energiereserven schnell ersch\u00f6pft und die Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit beeintr\u00e4chtigt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Die aerobe Kapazit\u00e4t ist ein zentraler Ma\u00dfstab f\u00fcr die kardiovaskul\u00e4re Gesundheit und ein Pr\u00e4diktor f\u00fcr langfristige Herzerkrankungen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerobic-exercise\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerobik<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aerobic ist eine gleichm\u00e4\u00dfige Aktivit\u00e4t, bei der man eine Weile lang st\u00e4rker atmen muss, wie schnelles Gehen, Radfahren, Schwimmen oder Joggen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es verbessert die Fitness, den Blutdruck, den Blutzucker und die Funktion Ihrer Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe. Es ist eines der besten Dinge, die Sie f\u00fcr Ihre Gesundheit tun k\u00f6nnen. Es senkt jedoch Ihre ApoB-Partikelanzahl nicht sehr stark, weshalb sehr fitte Menschen dennoch Plaque haben k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#lifestyle-medicine\">Lebensstilmedizin<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><a href=\"#vo2-max\">VO2-Max<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerobic-glycolysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerobe Glykolyse<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Stoffwechselprozess, bei dem Zellen, einschlie\u00dflich Neuronen, Glukose in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff abbauen, um ATP-Energie zu erzeugen; \u00d6strogen f\u00f6rdert diesen effizienten Stoffwechselweg im Gehirn, und sein R\u00fcckgang w\u00e4hrend der Menopause kann das Gehirn zu weniger effizienten Energiequellen zwingen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dies ist der spezifische Energiemechanismus, den das Gehirn verliert, wenn der \u00d6strogenspiegel sinkt, was ihn zu einem zentralen Element f\u00fcr das Verst\u00e4ndnis von Gehirnnebel in den Wechseljahren macht.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerobic-interval-training-ait\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerobes Intervalltraining (AIT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine strukturierte Trainingsmethode, bei der kurze Intervalle mit hoher Belastung und aktive Erholungsphasen einander abwechseln \u2013 zum Beispiel vier Minuten nahezu maximale Anstrengung gefolgt von drei Minuten leichter Bet\u00e4tigung \u2013, was in klinischen Studien gezeigt hat, dass sie die Vorhofflimmerlast senkt und die VO\u2082 max effektiver verbessert als kontinuierliches Ausdauertraining.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AIT ist das bevorzugte Bewegungstraining f\u00fcr behandelte Vorhofflimmerpatienten, da es die Fitness erh\u00e4lt und gleichzeitig die chronische Volumenbelastung vermeidet, die zu weiterer atrialer Narbenbildung f\u00fchrt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerodynamic-drag\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerodynamischer Luftwiderstand<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Widerstand, den Luft auf ein sich bewegendes Objekt aus\u00fcbt; in der H\u00f6he verringert eine geringere Luftdichte den aerodynamischen Widerstand, weshalb Velodrom-Rekorde trotz der geringeren Sauerstoffverf\u00fcgbarkeit h\u00e4ufig auf hochgelegenen Bahnen aufgestellt werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Es erkl\u00e4rt die strategische Wahl von Aguascalientes f\u00fcr den Versuch \u2013 weniger Luftwiderstand bedeutet h\u00f6here Geschwindigkeiten bei gleicher Leistung.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aerodynamicist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aerodynamiker<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Spezialist, der das Str\u00f6mungsprofil eines Sportlers und seiner Ausr\u00fcstung \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich K\u00f6rperhaltung, Helm, Rennanzug und Laufr\u00e4dern \u2013 analysiert und optimiert, um den Luftwiderstand zu minimieren und bei einer bestimmten Leistung die Geschwindigkeit zu maximieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Bei einem Einstunden-Zeitfahren ist der Luftwiderstand oft die mit Abstand gr\u00f6\u00dfte Determinante f\u00fcr die zur\u00fcckgelegte Strecke, weshalb dieser Faktor bei Rekordversuchen eine zentrale Rolle spielt.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"af-burden\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AF-Last<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Kennzahl daf\u00fcr, wie viel Zeit sich eine Person in Vorhofflimmern befindet, ausgedr\u00fcckt als Prozentsatz oder Gesamtdauer \u00fcber einen \u00dcberwachungszeitraum; die Katheterablation zielt darauf ab, die Vorhofflimmerlast zu reduzieren, selbst wenn sie das Vorhofflimmern nicht vollst\u00e4ndig beseitigt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Hilft den Lesern zu verstehen, dass der Ablationserfolg oft eher partiell als absolut ist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"af-recurrence\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AF-Rezidentz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Wiederauftreten von Vorhofflimmern nach einer Phase erfolgreicher Rhythmuskontrolle, unabh\u00e4ngig davon, ob diese durch Ablation oder medikament\u00f6se Behandlung erreicht wurde; bei Ausdauersportlern liegen die Rezidivraten nach einer einmaligen Ablation bei etwa 40%, wobei eine anhaltende Vorhofvergr\u00f6\u00dferung und Fibrose die wichtigsten Pr\u00e4diktoren sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Das Wiederholungsrisiko ist die zentrale klinische Frage, die der Artikel f\u00fcr Sportler behandelt, die eine Ablation in Betracht ziehen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"agatston-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Agatston-Score<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Agatston-Score ist die spezifische Formel, mit der ein Calcium-CT-Scan in eine einzige Zahl umgewandelt wird, wobei jede Kalkablagerung nach ihrer Dichte und Gr\u00f6\u00dfe gewichtet wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Wenn jemand sagt \"Mein Kalziumwert liegt bei 150\", ist dies die Skala, die gemeint ist. Da sie die Dichte gewichtet, k\u00f6nnen zwei Personen mit \u00e4hnlichen Kalziummengen unterschiedliche Werte haben.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcified-plaque\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#zero-calcium-score\">Kalkscore von null<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"agatston-units\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Agatston-Einheiten<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Agatston-Einheiten sind die standardisierten Bewertungseinheiten zur Quantifizierung von Koronarkalk in einem CT-Scan, berechnet aus der Dichte und der Fl\u00e4che verkalkter L\u00e4sionen; ein Score von Null zeigt keine nachweisbare verkalkte Plaque an, w\u00e4hrend Scores von 300 oder mehr \u2013 die in der UK-Masters-Studie ausschlie\u00dflich in der Athletengruppe gefunden wurden \u2013 eine starke Verkalkung widerspiegeln.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Sie sind die universelle W\u00e4hrung f\u00fcr die Berichterstattung \u00fcber Kalzium-Scan-Ergebnisse, daher hilft Ihnen das Verst\u00e4ndnis der Skala bei der Interpretation, was Ihr eigener Wert bedeutet.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"age-adjusted-mortality\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Altersstandardisierte Sterblichkeitsrate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Altersstandardisierte Mortalit\u00e4t ist eine Sterberate, die statistisch korrigiert wurde, damit Unterschiede in der Altersstruktur von Bev\u00f6lkerungen \u2013 oder derselben Bev\u00f6lkerung im Zeitverlauf \u2013 Vergleiche nicht verzerren. Sie beantwortet die Frage: H\u00e4tte sich die Sterberate ver\u00e4ndert, wenn die Alterszusammensetzung konstant geblieben w\u00e4re?<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Da Todesf\u00e4lle infolge eines Herzinfarkts bei \u00e4lteren Menschen weitaus h\u00e4ufiger vorkommen, ist ein Vergleich der rohen Todeszahlen \u00fcber Jahrzehnte hinweg ohne diese Anpassung irref\u00fchrend \u2013 er bildet die Grundlage f\u00fcr die im Artikel ge\u00e4u\u00dferte Behauptung eines R\u00fcckgangs um 81%.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aged-garlic-extract-age\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aged Garlic Extract (AGE)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein standardisiertes Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel, das durch verl\u00e4ngerte Kaltreifung von rohem Knoblauch hergestellt wird und wasserl\u00f6sliche Organoschwefelverbindungen anreichert; randomisierte CT-Bildgebungsstudien haben gezeigt, dass es weiche, rupturgef\u00e4hrdete Koronarplaques (Plaques mit geringer D\u00e4mpfung) bei Patienten mit metabolischem Syndrom reduzieren kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AGE verf\u00fcgt derzeit \u00fcber st\u00e4rkere direkte Plaque-Bildgebungsnachweise beim Menschen als Nattokinase, was es zu einem n\u00fctzlichen Vergleichspunkt f\u00fcr jeden macht, der Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel bewertet.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aggregation-lipoprotein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aggregation (Lipoprotein)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In the context of atherosclerosis, aggregation refers to the clumping together of ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles after they have been retained by proteoglycans in the artery wall, a step that triggers macrophage engulfment and foam-cell formation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding aggregation shifts the explanation of plaque-building from simple &#039;oxidised fat&#039; to a more evidence-supported retention-and-clumping mechanism.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ai-qct-artificial-intelligence-quantitative-ct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AI-QCT (Artificial Intelligence\u2013Quantitative CT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>AI-QCT is an advanced coronary CT analysis technique that uses artificial intelligence to quantify and characterize plaque components\u2014including non-calcified and low-attenuation plaques\u2014beyond what a standard CAC score can detect.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the &#039;super-scan&#039; technology that can find dangerous soft plaque even when a CAC score reads zero.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aim-high-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AIM-HIGH Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine randomisierte Studie, bei der Patienten mit bekannter kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Erkrankung zus\u00e4tzlich zu einer intensiven Statintherapie Retard-Niacin erhielten; trotz Erh\u00f6hung des HDL-C bewirkte Niacin keine Reduktion kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Ereignisse, was zu den Belegen beitr\u00e4gt, dass eine HDL-C-Erh\u00f6hung keinen kausalen kardioprotektiven Effekt hat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Another piece of evidence that coconut oil&#039;s HDL-raising property should not be interpreted as heart protection.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"air-density-and-aerodynamic-drag\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Air Density and Aerodynamic Drag<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Air density is the mass of air per unit volume; at high altitude or elevated temperature, air is less dense, which reduces the aerodynamic drag a cyclist must overcome and allows a higher speed for the same power output.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Lower aerodynamic drag at altitude is one reason high-altitude velodromes are favoured for record attempts, illustrating how environmental physics interact with cardiovascular output.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alcohol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alcohol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Alkohol ist der Inhaltsstoff in Bier, Wein und Spirituosen, der sie berauschend macht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For years people were told a daily glass of wine was good for the heart. Newer and better studies have taken that idea apart. The people who drank lightly were healthier for other reasons. Alcohol raises blood pressure and triglycerides, and there is no amount that doctors recommend for heart protection.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alcoholic-cardiomyopathy-acm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy (ACM)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A form of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by chronic heavy alcohol use\u2014typically defined as approximately 80 grams of ethanol daily for at least five years\u2014in which sustained ethanol toxicity weakens and enlarges the heart muscle; unlike many causes of heart failure, ACM is often substantially reversible with sustained abstinence.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its reversibility upon stopping alcohol offers a rare example of meaningful heart-function recovery through lifestyle change alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aldh2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ALDH2<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gene encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, which converts acetaldehyde\u2014a toxic ethanol metabolite\u2014into harmless acetate; individuals carrying the ALDH2*2 variant, common in East Asian populations, have impaired enzyme activity, leading to acetaldehyde accumulation, flushing syndrome, and heightened cardiotoxic risk when drinking.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This variant illustrates how genetics shapes individual vulnerability to alcohol-related heart harm.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alirocumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alirocumab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Alirocumab, sold as Praluent, is an injectable antibody that blocks PCSK9, given every two to four weeks.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It lowers LDL and ApoB by roughly half on top of a statin, and reduced repeat events in patients recovering from a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#evolocumab\">Evolocumab<\/a><a href=\"#odyssey\">ODYSSEY<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alk1-activin-receptor-like-kinase-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ALK1 (Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Activin receptor-like kinase 1 is an endothelial receptor implicated, alongside SR-B1, in the receptor-mediated transcytosis of apoB-containing lipoprotein particles across the endothelial barrier into the arterial intima, a concentration-dependent process that represents an early step in atherogenesis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It identifies a specific biological gateway through which circulating particles enter the artery wall, reinforcing why particle concentration over time matters.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"all-cause-mortality\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">All-Cause Mortality<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Gesamtmortalit\u00e4t bedeutet Tod durch jegliche Ursache und nicht nur durch Herzerkrankungen \u2013 das umfassendste und am schwersten zu manipulierende Ergebnis, das eine Studie messen kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Some treatments improve a narrow cardiovascular number while doing nothing for, or even worsening, your overall odds of dying from anything else. A trial that moves all-cause mortality carries more weight than one that only reports a cardiovascular-specific endpoint.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#composite-endpoint\">Composite Endpoint<\/a><a href=\"#hazard-ratio\">Hazard Ratio<\/a><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alpha-linolenic-acid-ala\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) is a plant-derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid found notably in canola oil and flaxseed; it is chemically distinct from the omega-6 linoleic acid that dominates most other seed oils, which is why canola oil is not considered interchangeable with high-linoleic oils.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Grouping canola with other seed oils without acknowledging its omega-3 content distorts the nutritional comparison.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alternate-day-dosing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alternate-Day Dosing<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A prescribing strategy in which a statin is taken every other day rather than daily, used clinically to reduce muscle symptoms in intolerant patients while preserving a meaningful portion of LDL-lowering effect, particularly with longer-half-life statins.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A practical flexibility option athletes can discuss with their clinician when daily statin use causes symptoms.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"altitude-chamber-hypoxic-tent\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Altitude Chamber (Hypoxic Tent)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A sealed sleeping enclosure that simulates the reduced oxygen levels found at high altitude by lowering the partial pressure of oxygen inside; athletes use it to stimulate red blood cell production and improve oxygen-carrying capacity without relocating permanently to altitude.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Improved oxygen delivery directly affects cardiovascular efficiency and endurance performance, making altitude simulation a practical training tool for heart-healthy athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"altitude-training-aguascalientes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Altitude Training (Aguascalientes)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A performance strategy in which endurance athletes train at elevation \u2014 in this case the Bicentenario Velodrome in Aguascalientes, Mexico, at roughly 1,800 m above sea level \u2014 to stimulate adaptations such as increased red blood cell production that enhance oxygen delivery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Altitude physiology is relevant to understanding how even elite, highly trained athletes can harbor undetected coronary artery disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"altitude-training-high-altitude-velodrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Altitude Training \/ High-Altitude Velodrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Competing or training at elevation\u2014such as the Bicentenario Velodrome in Aguascalientes at roughly 6,000 feet\u2014where thinner air reduces aerodynamic drag, allowing cyclists to travel farther in an hour than at sea level, but also causing faster fatigue due to lower oxygen availability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal chose a high-altitude venue specifically to exploit reduced air resistance, while managing the physiological cost of racing at elevation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alu-transposable-element\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alu Transposable Element<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An Alu element is a type of short, repetitive &#039;jumping gene&#039; abundant in primate genomes that can insert itself into new genomic locations; the insertion of an Alu element into the CMAH locus caused the 92-base-pair deletion that permanently inactivated Neu5Gc synthesis in ancestral humans.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A single random genomic event caused by this mobile DNA sequence is proposed to be the root cause of human-specific susceptibility to red-meat-associated heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"alzheimers-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Alzheimer&#039;s Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Alzheimer&#039;s disease is a brain illness that slowly destroys memory and thinking.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It used to be treated as completely separate from heart disease. Newer research suggests the two share more than we thought, including the same cholesterol-carrying particles and damage to the tiny blood vessels that feed the brain.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"amoris-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AMORIS Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The AMORIS (Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk) study was a large Swedish prospective cohort that measured ApoB and other lipid fractions and demonstrated that ApoB was a stronger predictor of cardiovascular events than LDL-C, particularly in cases of discordance between the two measures.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AMORIS is one of the foundational studies demonstrating that counting atherogenic particles matters more than measuring cholesterol mass alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ampk-amp-activated-protein-kinase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AMPK (AMP-Activated Protein Kinase)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>AMP-activated protein kinase is a cellular energy sensor that, when activated, suppresses cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects; bempedoic acid has been proposed to activate this pathway as part of its mechanism beyond simple LDL lowering.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is cited as a potential explanation for bempedoic acid&#039;s hsCRP-lowering effect, which is distinct from statins&#039; mechanism.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"amy1-gene\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AMY1 Gene<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gene encoding salivary amylase, the enzyme that begins starch digestion in the mouth; humans carry multiple copies of this gene, and a 2024 study in Science found that its duplication dates back nearly 800,000 years, suggesting starch digestion was a core human metabolic strategy long before agriculture.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding our evolutionary capacity to process carbohydrates helps explain why blanket low-carb or meat-only dietary prescriptions may not align with human biology.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"amyloid-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Amyloid Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The amyloid hypothesis is the long-dominant theory of Alzheimer&#039;s disease holding that abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta protein plaques in the brain is the primary initiating cause of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this hypothesis is essential context for evaluating whether vascular disease \u2014 not amyloid \u2014 may be the earlier, upstream driver of Alzheimer&#039;s.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"anabolic-resistance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Anabolic Resistance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Anabolic resistance is when older muscles stop responding well to protein. A younger person can eat a modest amount of protein and build muscle. An older person eating the same amount may build almost none.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is why protein needs go up with age rather than down, especially for older athletes trying to hold onto muscle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#leucine\">Leucin<\/a><a href=\"#protein\">Protein<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angina\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Angina<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Angina is chest discomfort that happens when the heart muscle isn&#039;t getting enough oxygen. People describe it as pressure, tightness, squeezing, or burning, and it can spread to the arm, neck, or jaw.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Not everyone gets classic chest pain. Some people just feel short of breath, unusually tired, or sick to their stomach. Very fit people sometimes feel almost nothing at all, which is exactly what makes their disease dangerous.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#stress-test\">Stress Test<\/a><a href=\"#unstable-angina\">Instabile Angina pectoris<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angiogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Angiogenesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Angiogenesis is the sprouting of new capillaries from existing microvessels, driven primarily by tissue hypoxia through HIF-1\u03b1\u2013mediated transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Because capillaries lack a muscular wall, they improve local oxygen diffusion but cannot compensate for a significant obstruction in a large coronary artery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the difference between angiogenesis and arteriogenesis clarifies why growing new tiny vessels is not enough to protect the heart during intense exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angiogram\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Angiogramm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Angiogramm ist eine Untersuchung, bei der \u00c4rzte einen d\u00fcnnen Schlauch in Ihre Arterien einf\u00fchren und Kontrastmittel injizieren, damit das Innere der Arterien auf einem R\u00f6ntgenbild sichtbar wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows the open channel that blood flows through. Its big weakness is that it does not show the artery wall \u2014 and plaque grows in the wall. An artery can look almost normal on an angiogram while carrying a lot of disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#arterial-remodeling\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-catheterization\">Cardiac Catheterization<\/a><a href=\"#lumen\">Lumen<\/a><a href=\"#quantitative-coronary-angiography\">Quantitative Koronarangiographie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angiographic-regression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Angiographic Regression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Als angiographische Regression bezeichnet man eine messbare Verringerung der Gr\u00f6\u00dfe einer Koronararterienverengung, wie sie in der R\u00f6ntgenbildgebung der Herzkranzgef\u00e4\u00dfe zu sehen ist; der Artikel f\u00fchrt das Lifestyle Heart Trial als Beweis daf\u00fcr an, dass eine intensive, auf pflanzlichen Lebensmitteln basierende Ern\u00e4hrung und Lebensstil\u00e4nderungen diesen Effekt hervorrufen k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the scientific term for what the article describes as &#039;shrinking blockages,&#039; giving readers a precise label for this clinically important phenomenon.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angioplasty\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Angioplastie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Angioplastie ist ein Verfahren, bei dem ein kleiner Ballon in einer verengten Arterie aufgeblasen wird, um die Blockade aufzudr\u00fccken. Normalerweise wird ein Stent eingesetzt, um sie offen zu halten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is very good at relieving symptoms and saving lives during a heart attack. What it does not do is fix the disease itself, which is spread throughout all your arteries, not just the one spot that got fixed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#bypass-surgery\">Bypass-Operation<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-catheterization\">Cardiac Catheterization<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"angptl3\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ANGPTL3<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ANGPTL3 ist ein Protein, das den Abbau von Triglycerid-reichen Partikeln im Blut verlangsamt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>People born with a broken copy have low triglycerides, low LDL, and less heart disease \u2014 which made it an obvious drug target. Evinacumab blocks it and is used in the most severe inherited cholesterol disorders.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#evinacumab\">Evinacumab<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#lipoprotein-lipase\">Lipoprotein Lipase<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"anomalous-coronary-artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Anomalous Coronary Artery<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An anomalous coronary artery is a congenital malformation in which a coronary artery originates from the wrong location or follows an abnormal path; during intense exertion the vessel can be compressed, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and triggering ischemia or fatal arrhythmia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a leading structural cause of exertional sudden death in young athletes and is poorly detected by electrocardiography, requiring imaging for diagnosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antagonistic-pleiotropy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antagonistic Pleiotropy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Antagonistic pleiotropy is an evolutionary hypothesis in which a gene or biological trait confers a survival or reproductive advantage early in life while becoming harmful later; applied to cardiovascular disease, it suggests that lipid-transport systems that may have offered benefits in ancestral environments become disadvantageous across long modern lifespans of caloric abundance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It offers one explanation for why humans are biologically susceptible to atherosclerosis despite its ultimately lethal consequences.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"anti-hmgcr-immune-mediated-necrotizing-myopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Anti-HMGCR Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Anti-HMGCR immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is a rare autoimmune muscle disease, affecting roughly 2 per 100,000 statin users per year, in which the body generates antibodies against HMG-CoA reductase; unlike ordinary statin myalgia, it persists and worsens after the drug is stopped and requires immunosuppressive treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This condition is often mistaken for ordinary statin muscle pain, but stopping the statin alone will not resolve it \u2014 recognizing it early can prevent severe permanent muscle damage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"anti-thrombotic-properties-of-alcohol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Anti-Thrombotic Properties (of Alcohol)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The ability of moderate alcohol consumption to reduce clot formation through mechanisms including decreased fibrinogen levels and reduced platelet reactivity; while this may slightly lower ischemic stroke risk, the same blood-thinning effect raises the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, illustrating alcohol&#039;s double-edged cardiovascular profile.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this trade-off helps explain why any apparent benefit for one type of stroke comes at the cost of increased risk for another.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"anticoagulant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Anticoagulant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An anticoagulant reduces the blood&#039;s ability to clot by interfering with clotting proteins. Warfarin and apixaban are examples.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a different tool from aspirin, which acts on platelets instead. Anticoagulants are used for atrial fibrillation and clots in veins; using one where the other is needed leaves a person poorly protected.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#antiplatelet-therapy\">Antiplatelet Therapy<\/a><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antihypertensive\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antihypertensive<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Antihypertensivum ist jedes Medikament, das zur Senkung von Bluthochdruck eingesetzt wird. Der Artikel unterscheidet Antihypertensiva, die ab den 1970er Jahren weit verbreitet wurden, von Statinen und stellt fest, dass Blutdruckmittel bereits lange vor der Verf\u00fcgbarkeit einer Statine-Therapie zum R\u00fcckgang der koronaren Mortalit\u00e4t beigetragen haben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Blood-pressure control through antihypertensives is one of the most evidence-backed ways to prevent heart attacks and strokes, making deterioration in population blood-pressure control a key reason the recent stall in progress is worrying.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antioxidant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antioxidans<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An antioxidant is a substance that mops up damaging molecules in the body. Vitamin E and beta-carotene are examples.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The theory sounded great, and antioxidant pills were popular for years. But when researchers actually tested them in large trials, they did not prevent heart attacks, and a few appeared to cause harm. It is a good reminder that a sensible-sounding idea still has to be tested.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#oxidized-ldl\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antiplatelet-therapy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antiplatelet Therapy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung nutzt Medikamente, die die Verklumpung von Blutpl\u00e4ttchen unwahrscheinlicher machen \u2013 Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the mainstay after a stent or a heart attack, where a clot forming on a damaged or instrumented surface is the immediate danger. The benefit is always weighed against bleeding.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#anticoagulant\">Anticoagulant<\/a><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antithrombotic-trialists-att-collaboration\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antithrombotic Trialists&#039; (ATT) Collaboration<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Antithrombotic Trialists&#039; Collaboration is a landmark individual-participant meta-analysis that pooled data from major aspirin trials; it found that aspirin&#039;s proportional reduction in vascular events is similar in primary and secondary prevention, but the absolute benefit in primary prevention is far smaller\u2014roughly 0.06% per year\u2014because baseline event rates are much lower.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This analysis is the statistical foundation for why aspirin recommendations differ so sharply between people with and without established heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"antiviral-medication-nirmatrelvir-ritonavir-paxlovid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Antiviral Medication (Nirmatrelvir\/Ritonavir \u2014 Paxlovid)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A prescription oral antiviral drug combining nirmatrelvir and ritonavir that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication; it is typically prescribed early in infection to reduce the severity and duration of COVID-19, including in individuals with underlying conditions such as cardiovascular disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cardiovascular disease patients are at elevated risk from COVID-19, making antiviral treatment options particularly relevant.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aorta\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aorta<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Aorta ist die gr\u00f6\u00dfte Arterie in Ihrem K\u00f6rper. Sie transportiert Blut aus dem Herzen heraus und durch die Brust und den Bauch nach unten, wobei sie \u00fcberall Abzweigungen abgibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because it handles so much pressure, it can stretch, stiffen with age, or develop a bulge. In athletes, the aorta is often slightly larger than average, which raises questions about what counts as normal.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aortic-aneurysm\">Aortic Aneurysm<\/a><a href=\"#artery\">Arterie<\/a><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-aneurysm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortic Aneurysm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of the aorta, like a weak spot on a garden hose.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Small ones often cause no trouble and are simply watched over time. Larger ones can tear or burst, which is a life-threatening emergency. Size and how fast it is growing are what doctors watch most closely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aorta\">Aorta<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#smoking\">Rauchen<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-compliance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortic Compliance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The capacity of the aorta to expand during systole and recoil during diastole, acting as a pressure buffer that smooths pulsatile blood flow; compliance decreases as collagen cross-linking and fibrosis stiffen the arterial wall with inactivity or aging.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Loss of aortic compliance is the root mechanical cause of the cardiovascular aging discussed throughout this article and can be partially restored by committed exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-dissection\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortic Dissection<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aortic dissection is a life-threatening emergency in which a tear in the aortic intima allows blood to split through the medial layer, creating a false lumen; it presents as sudden, severe tearing or ripping chest or back pain that is at its worst from the very first second, and may cause unequal pulses between arms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing the difference between dissection pain and ordinary exertional soreness can be the difference between life and death for an athlete with undiagnosed aortic disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-root\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortenwurzel<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The section of the aorta immediately above the heart where it exits the left ventricle; it is a common site for early atherosclerotic plaque formation and is routinely measured in mouse models of heart disease to quantify plaque burden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque measured at the aortic root is a standard benchmark for judging how severely atherosclerosis has progressed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-stenosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortic Stenosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aortic stenosis is a narrowing or hardening of the aortic valve \u2014 the heart&#039;s primary outflow valve \u2014 that obstructs blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta; elevated Lp(a) is recognised as the second leading cause of calcific aortic stenosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows that Lp(a) harms the heart beyond arteries alone, making Lp(a) testing relevant even for people focused on valve health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-valve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortenklappe<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The aortic valve is the one-way gate between the heart&#039;s main pumping chamber and the aorta.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It can narrow with age as calcium builds up on it, or leak. Elevated Lp(a) is one of the few known risk factors for the narrowing, connecting valve disease to the same particle biology as plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aorta\">Aorta<\/a><a href=\"#bicuspid-aortic-valve\">Bicuspid Aortic Valve<\/a><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortic-wall-stress-aws\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortic Wall Stress (AWS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aortic wall stress is the mechanical tension per unit area acting on the aortic wall, calculated from transmural pressure, vessel radius, and wall thickness; cardiac MRI studies in patients with thoracic aortic disease have measured peak AWS of 257\u2013323 kPa during moderate aerobic exercise, well below the 850\u20131,200 kPa rupture threshold.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AWS is the key measurable variable that determines how close an aneurysmal aorta is to mechanical failure during any given level of physical exertion.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aortopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aortopathy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aortopathy is a broad clinical term encompassing any disease process that compromises the structural integrity or function of the aortic wall, including both inflammatory-atherosclerotic conditions such as AAA and heritable structural disorders such as Marfan syndrome.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Athletes with undiagnosed aortopathy face unique risks during intense exertion that would not apply to a healthy individual with a similarly enlarged aorta.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apoa-tail\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Apo(a) Tail<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large glycoprotein chain attached to the LDL core of a lipoprotein(a) particle whose structure closely resembles plasminogen, thereby inhibiting the body&#039;s natural clot-dissolving system and contributing to thrombotic risk on top of Lp(a)&#039;s atherogenic and pro-inflammatory effects.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the third prong of Lp(a)&#039;s &#039;triple threat&#039;\u2014beyond carrying cholesterol and oxidized phospholipids, it actively interferes with clot breakdown.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ApoB ist ein Protein, das sich auf der Au\u00dfenseite jedes Cholesterinteilchens befindet, das in Ihrer Arterienwand stecken bleiben und Plaque verursachen kann. Jedes dieser Teilchen tr\u00e4gt genau ein ApoB.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>That one-to-one rule is what makes it so useful. Measuring ApoB counts the particles. A standard cholesterol test measures the cargo inside the particles instead, which can be misleading if your particles are unusually empty or full.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob-discordance\">ApoB Discordance<\/a><a href=\"#apolipoprotein\">Apolipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#non-hdl-cholesterol\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-discordance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB Discordance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Discordance is when your ApoB and your LDL cholesterol tell two different stories. Your LDL looks fine, but your particle count is high \u2014 or the reverse.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It happens when your particles are carrying less cholesterol than usual, so it takes more of them to add up to the same number on the lab report. It is especially common in people with insulin resistance or diabetes. When the two disagree, ApoB is the one that tracks your actual risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#small-dense-ldl\">Kleine dichte LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-r3500q-founder-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">APOB R3500Q Founder Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The APOB R3500Q (p.Arg3527Gln) founder variant is a mutation in the APOB gene found in roughly 12% of Pennsylvania Old Order Amish \u2014 far above its 0.1\u20130.4% prevalence in white European populations \u2014 that causes familial defective ApoB-100 and persistently elevated LDL-C from birth.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This variant serves as a natural experiment showing that lifelong LDL elevation leads to a dramatically higher burden of coronary calcification even in a population with a healthy lifestyle and favorable genetic background.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-100\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB-100<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ApoB-100 ist die Full-Length-Form von Apolipoprotein B, die auf LDL, VLDL, IDL und Remnant-Lipoproteinen zu finden ist; ihre positiv geladenen Aminos\u00e4uredom\u00e4nen binden ionisch an negativ geladene Proteoglykan-Seitenketten in der Arterienwand, wodurch das Partikel physisch in der Intima festgehalten und die Plaquebildung eingeleitet wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the molecular &#039;hook&#039; that locks harmful particles inside artery walls\u2014understanding it explains why particle count matters more than cholesterol weight alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-48\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB-48<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ApoB-48 is a truncated isoform of apolipoprotein B produced in the intestine and found exclusively on chylomicrons and their remnants; unlike ApoB-100, it is not measured by standard clinical ApoB assays in the fasting state, meaning routine ApoB tests reflect atherogenic particle burden from liver-derived lipoproteins rather than dietary fat absorption.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing this isoform exists clarifies what a standard ApoB blood test does and does not count, so you can interpret your results accurately.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-containing-particles\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB-Containing Particles<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipoproteine \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich LDL, IDL, VLDL und deren Remnants \u2013, die jeweils ein Molek\u00fcl Apolipoprotein B an ihrer Oberfl\u00e4che tragen; die Partikelanzahl (und nicht allein die Cholesterinmasse) ist ein Haupttreiber der Atherosklerose, da jedes Partikel in der Arterienwand retiniert werden kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article repeatedly explains that metabolic &#039;wins&#039; on keto do not offset a rise in apoB\/LDL, making this concept central to the keto-vs-WFPB comparison.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB-Jahre<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ApoB-Jahre ist ein vorgeschlagener Forschungsindikator, der die kumulative Apolipoprotein-B-Exposition im Zeitverlauf darstellt und als Fl\u00e4che unter der ApoB-\u5bfe-Alter-Kurve in mg\/dL\u00b7Jahre ausgedr\u00fcckt wird; sie soll die integrierte atherogene Partikelbelastung direkter erfassen als jede einzelne Messung, wurde jedoch noch nicht als klinisches Instrument oder Behandlungsschwelle validiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that lifetime particle exposure \u2014 not just today&#039;s number \u2014 drives plaque build-up reframes why early prevention matters.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apob-apoa1-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ApoB\/ApoA1 Ratio<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A lipid risk metric comparing the concentration of ApoB (reflecting all atherogenic particles) to ApoA1 (reflecting HDL, the primary reverse-cholesterol-transport particle); used in INTERHEART as a proxy for dyslipidemia, it had an odds ratio of 3.43 for myocardial infarction and the highest population attributable risk of any single risk factor studied.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It captures both the &#039;bad&#039; particle burden and the &#039;good&#039; particle capacity in a single number, offering a more complete picture of lipid-related risk than LDL-C alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apoc3\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">APOC3<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>APOC3 ist das Gen f\u00fcr ein Protein, das den Abbau von Triglycerid-reichen Partikeln aus Ihrem Blut blockiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Less of it means faster clearance. People carrying a naturally broken copy have lower triglycerides and fewer heart attacks, which is strong evidence that these particles are causing harm rather than just tagging along.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apoe\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">APOE<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>APOE ist ein Gen, das in drei g\u00e4ngigen Versionen vorkommt, die als E2, E3 und E4 bezeichnet werden. Es steuert, wie effizient Ihre Leber \u00fcbrig gebliebene Fettpartikel abbaut.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The E4 version raises both cholesterol and Alzheimer&#039;s risk, which is one of the threads connecting heart disease and brain disease. Knowing your type does not change treatment much, but it can explain an otherwise puzzling lipid pattern.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#alzheimers-disease\">Alzheimer&#039;s Disease<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apoe-%ce%b54-allele\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">APOE \u03b54 Allele<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The APOE \u03b54 allele is a common variant of the apolipoprotein E gene and the largest known common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer&#039;s disease; it promotes cerebrovascular damage and blood-brain barrier breakdown independently of its effects on amyloid and tau.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article argues APOE \u03b54 acts substantially through vascular pathways, bridging systemic lipoprotein biology and brain disease and supporting the broader vascular hypothesis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apolipoprotein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Apolipoprotein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An apolipoprotein is a protein attached to a fat-carrying particle in your blood. Fat and water don&#039;t mix, so these proteins act like a wrapper that lets fat travel safely through the bloodstream.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Different wrappers mark different kinds of particles. ApoB marks the harmful ones. ApoA-I marks HDL. Knowing which wrapper you are measuring tells you which particles you are counting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#lipoprotein\">Lipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apolipoprotein-a-i\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Apolipoprotein A-I<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Apolipoprotein A-I is the main structural protein of HDL particles, roughly the HDL equivalent of what ApoB is for the harmful ones.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It carries out the actual work of collecting cholesterol from cells. Measuring it gives a slightly better picture of HDL function than the cholesterol number alone, though neither has proven useful as a treatment target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#abca1\">ABCA1<\/a><a href=\"#apolipoprotein\">Apolipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"apolipoprotein-e-apoe\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Apolipoprotein E is a protein that serves as the primary cholesterol carrier within the brain, shuttling cholesterol from cholesterol-synthesizing astrocytes to neurons via a brain-specific lipoprotein system entirely separate from plasma lipoproteins.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its brain-specific role in cholesterol transport is distinct from its well-known role in plasma lipid metabolism and Alzheimer&#039;s disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arachidonic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arachidonic Acid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Arachidonic acid is a long-chain omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body from linoleic acid; it serves as a precursor to both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules called eicosanoids, meaning its role in inflammation is more complex than the simple &#039;seed oils cause inflammation&#039; narrative suggests.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key intermediate in the proposed inflammatory pathway linking seed oils to heart disease, so knowing what it actually does clarifies why that theory is incomplete.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"area-under-the-curve-lipid-exposure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Area Under the Curve (Lipid Exposure)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In cardiovascular lipidology, area under the curve refers to the cumulative, time-integrated exposure to atherogenic lipoproteins over a lifetime; it captures the idea that decades of moderately elevated LDL-C or ApoB deliver far more total arterial damage than a brief period of very high levels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This concept explains why starting lipid-lowering therapy at 30 rather than 50 can fundamentally change long-term heart-disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arginine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arginin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Arginine is an amino acid found in whole foods such as walnuts that serves as the biochemical precursor the body uses to synthesize nitric oxide, thereby supporting endothelial relaxation and healthy blood vessel dilation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its presence in whole-food sources\u2014but not in refined oils\u2014helps explain why whole walnuts preserve vascular function while extracted oils impair it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aric\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ARIC<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ARIC, die Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Studie, begleitet seit den sp\u00e4ten 1980er Jahren Tausende amerikanische Erwachsene.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Decades of follow-up let researchers watch risk factors measured in middle age play out into actual events much later. It is one of the studies behind the idea that exposure over time, not a single reading, is what counts.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#prospective-cohort\">Prospective Cohort<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arrhythmogenic-cardiomyopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is an inherited disease, often caused by variants in desmosomal proteins such as plakophilin-2, in which heart muscle is progressively replaced by fatty or fibrous tissue, creating an electrical substrate for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias; endurance exercise volume is associated with earlier and more severe disease expression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the leading causes of exercise-related sudden death in young people, and exercise itself can accelerate the underlying disease process.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arrhythmogenic-substrate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arrhythmogenic Substrate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Structural or electrical changes in heart tissue \u2014 such as enlarged atria and patchy fibrosis \u2014 that make the heart susceptible to sustaining an abnormal rhythm; in athletes, years of high-volume training can create such a substrate even in the absence of symptoms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Explains why AF tends to recur in athletes even after successful ablation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arrive-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ARRIVE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ARRIVE was a randomized placebo-controlled trial of 100 mg aspirin daily in roughly 12,500 moderate-cardiovascular-risk adults without diabetes; it found no significant reduction in the primary cardiovascular composite endpoint and more gastrointestinal bleeding, partly because actual event rates were far lower than anticipated due to widespread statin and antihypertensive use.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ARRIVE illustrates how improvements in other preventive treatments have reduced the baseline risk that made aspirin useful, changing the benefit\u2013risk equation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arterial-calcification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterial Calcification<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Ablagerung von Kalziumkristallen in der Arterienwand, die das Gef\u00e4\u00df versteift und bei Koronararterien als Marker f\u00fcr die atherosklerotische Belastung dient; einige Hinweise deuten darauf hin, dass Vitamin K2 dazu beitragen kann, deren Fortschreiten zu hemmen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding calcification helps explain why vitamin K2 is studied as a cardiovascular supplement and why a high calcium score signals elevated risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arterial-lipid-depletion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterial Lipid Depletion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die physikalische Entfernung von Cholesterin und anderen Lipiden aus der Arterienwand, die in nicht-menschlichen Primatenmodellen nach einer Einschr\u00e4nkung der Nahrungsfette histologisch beobachtet wurde; sie stellt den fr\u00fchesten und grundlegendsten Schritt bei der strukturellen Plaqueregress dar.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It confirms that the regression seen in imaging trials reflects a real biological change in artery composition, not just a measurement artifact.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arterial-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterial Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A deposit within the artery wall made up of lipids, immune cells, cellular debris, and fibrous tissue that accumulates over time and can narrow or block blood flow; also called an atherosclerotic lesion or atheroma.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque formation is the central process linking microplastic exposure to heart attack and stroke risk in this study.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arterial-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Remodeling bezeichnet die Art und Weise, wie sich die Form einer Arterie ver\u00e4ndert, wenn sich Plaque ansammelt. Oft w\u00f6lbt sich die Arterie nach au\u00dfen, um Platz zu schaffen, wodurch die \u00d6ffnung in der Mitte breit genug f\u00fcr den Blutfluss bleibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is why heart disease can hide for decades. The artery is quietly filling with plaque, but because it expanded outward, tests that only look at the opening say everything is fine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#lumen\">Lumen<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arterial-stiffness\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterial Stiffness<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Arterial stiffness is a measure of how much an artery&#039;s wall resists expansion with each pulse of blood; it increases with age as elastin is lost and collagen accumulates, and manifests clinically as a rising systolic blood pressure alongside a falling or stable diastolic blood pressure after about age 60.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Arterial stiffness is a direct, measurable consequence of vascular aging that contributes independently to cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"arteriogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arteriogenesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Arteriogenesis is the structural remodeling of pre-existing small arterio-arteriolar anastomoses into mature, muscular conducting arteries, driven primarily by increased fluid shear stress rather than tissue hypoxia. Unlike angiogenesis, which produces only tiny capillaries, arteriogenic vessels can handle meaningful bulk arterial flow.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the mechanism behind the heart&#039;s &#039;backup pipes&#039; and explains both why fit athletes tolerate coronary blockages silently and why that protection has a hard ceiling.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arterie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Arterie ist ein Blutgef\u00e4\u00df, das Blut vom Herzen weg in den Rest des K\u00f6rpers transportiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Artery walls have layers. Plaque does not build up inside the open channel like gunk in a pipe \u2014 it builds up inside the wall itself. That difference explains a lot about why heart disease is so easy to miss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#lumen\">Lumen<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"artifact-ekg-stress-test\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Artifact (EKG\/Stress Test)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A finding on a cardiac test that mimics a sign of disease but is actually caused by technical interference, movement, or normal variation rather than a true abnormality; physicians must distinguish artifacts from genuine pathological signals to avoid misdiagnosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dr. Megdal&#039;s doctor initially dismissed his ST depression as an artifact\u2014a decision that delayed diagnosis and illustrates a key challenge in interpreting exercise EKGs in athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ascvd-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ASCVD (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ASCVD is the clinical shorthand for disease caused by plaque buildup in the arteries \u2014 it covers coronary artery disease, most strokes, and peripheral artery disease under one label.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It&#039;s the term driving guideline recommendations and risk calculators, because it groups the different places plaque can cause trouble into the single risk that lifestyle and medication decisions are actually aimed at reducing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-disease\">Koronare Herzkrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#peripheral-artery-disease\">Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#cardiovascular-disease\">Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aspirin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aspirin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Aspirin macht Blutpl\u00e4ttchen weniger klebrig, sodass sich seltener Gerinnsel bilden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>If you have already had a heart attack or stroke, daily aspirin usually helps. If you have not, the picture changed: newer studies found the bleeding risk roughly cancels out the benefit for most healthy adults. This is one of the clearest examples of medical advice reversing based on better evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#primary-prevention\">Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"aspree-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ASPREE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ASPREE was a large randomized trial testing daily low-dose aspirin versus placebo in adults aged 70 and older (65 and older for U.S. minorities) who were free of cardiovascular disease; it found no significant reduction in cardiovascular events and a higher rate of major bleeding and all-cause mortality in the aspirin group, forming a key basis for recommending against aspirin initiation in older\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ASPREE is one of the three pivotal modern trials that shifted guidelines away from routine aspirin use in healthy older people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"asteroid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ASTEROID<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ASTEROID war eine Studie, bei der Patienten die h\u00f6chste Dosis Rosuvastatin erhielten und ihre Koronarplaque vor und nach der Behandlung mittels intravaskul\u00e4rem Ultraschall fotografiert wurde.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It showed measurable plaque shrinkage \u2014 one of the first clear demonstrations that very low LDL can reverse disease, not merely halt it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#reversal\">UMKEHR<\/a><a href=\"#rosuvastatin\">Rosuvastatin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"asteroid-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ASTEROID Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine bahnbrechende serielle IVUS-Studie aus dem Jahr 2006, in der Rosuvastatin 40 mg t\u00e4glich \u00fcber 24 Monate statistisch signifikante Reduktionen sowohl des prozentualen Atheromvolumens als auch des Gesamtatheromvolumens bewirkte, was den ersten gro\u00dfangelegten Beweis daf\u00fcr lieferte, dass eine intensive Statintherapie Koronarplaque zur\u00fcckbilden kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ASTEROID established aggressive LDL lowering as a proven strategy for shrinking plaques and set the benchmark for subsequent regression trials.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"astrocytes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Astrozyten<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Astrozyten sind eine Art von St\u00fctzzellen (Gliazellen) im Gehirn, die als die prim\u00e4ren Cholesterin produzierenden Zellen des zentralen Nervensystems fungieren und Neuronen mit Cholesterin f\u00fcr die Aufrechterhaltung der Membranen und die Myelinunterst\u00fctzung versorgen. Da Lipoproteine im Blut die Blut-Hirn-Schranke nicht \u00fcberwinden k\u00f6nnen, ist das Gehirn fast vollst\u00e4ndig auf die von Astrozyten abgeleitete Cholesterinsynthese angewiesen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Disruption of astrocyte cholesterol production is implicated in neurodegenerative conditions, and understanding this isolated synthesis helps explain why systemic LDL levels do not directly reflect brain cholesterol status.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogenese<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherogenese ist der schrittweise Prozess der Plaquebildung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It starts when an ApoB particle slips into the artery wall and gets trapped. The body treats it as an invader and sends in immune cells. Those cells eat the trapped cholesterol, get stuck themselves, and die there. Repeat this for twenty years and you have a plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#oxidized-ldl\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenic-dyslipidemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogenic Dyslipidemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherogenic dyslipidemia is a lipid pattern characterized by elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and an increased proportion of small, dense LDL particles; it is commonly seen with insulin resistance, visceral obesity, and sedentary behavior, and is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Standard cholesterol tests can miss this pattern, making it an important concept for understanding hidden cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenic-index-of-plasma-aip\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogener Index des Plasmas<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A logarithmically derived ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol used as a marker of atherogenic lipoprotein particle size and cardiovascular risk; the article notes that an elevated AIP correlates with coronary calcium burden and major adverse cardiovascular events independent of traditional risk factors.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>AIP offers an additional layer of risk information beyond the CAC score itself, particularly for patients with borderline results.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenic-lipoprotein-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogenic Lipoprotein Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The atherogenic lipoprotein hypothesis is the scientific proposition that apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins are the primary causal drivers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, meaning the number of these particles circulating in the blood directly determines the rate of plaque formation in arterial walls.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this hypothesis explains why researchers have shifted focus from total cholesterol to particle counts as the key measure of heart disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenic-particle\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogenic Particle<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherogene Partikel sind die ApoB-haltigen Lipoproteine \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich LDL, IDL, VLDL und Lipoprotein(a) \u2013, die in die Arterienwand eindringen und dort zur\u00fcckgehalten werden k\u00f6nnen, um das Plaque-Wachstum einzuleiten und aufrechtzuerhalten; der Artikel verwendet den Begriff, um zu beschreiben, was wesentlich und nachhaltig gesenkt werden muss, um eine Plaque-R\u00fcckbildung zu erreichen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article&#039;s main practical message is to lower these particles, so readers need a precise understanding of what the term covers beyond just &#039;LDL&#039;.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherogenic-particle-number\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherogenic Particle Number<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Gesamtzahl der im Blutkreislauf zirkulierenden ApoB-haltigen Lipoproteinpartikel \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich LDL, VLDL-Remnants und Lp(a) \u2013, im Gegensatz zu der von ihnen transportierten Cholesterinmasse; der Konsens der European Atherosclerosis Society besagt, dass die Partikelanzahl, die am besten durch die ApoB-Messung erfasst wird, ein genauerer Pr\u00e4diktor f\u00fcr das atherosklerotische Risiko ist als die LDL-C-Konzentration allein.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Shifting focus from cholesterol mass to particle number is the central scientific reframing of the article, explaining why ApoB measurement is replacing traditional LDL-C testing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atheroma\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atheroma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherom ist ein weiteres Wort f\u00fcr die Fettablagerung in einer Arterienwand \u2013 im Wesentlichen ein Synonym f\u00fcr Plaque, das h\u00e4ufiger in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur verwendet wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The root gives us &quot;atherosclerosis.&quot; It comes from a Greek word for gruel, describing what the soft core of a plaque actually looks like.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-core\">Lipid Core<\/a><a href=\"#percent-atheroma-volume\">Percent Atheroma Volume<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherosclerosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Arteriosklerose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherosklerose ist die Erkrankung, die den meisten Herzinfarkten und vielen Schlaganf\u00e4llen zugrunde liegt. Cholesterinteilchen bleiben in der Wand einer Arterie stecken, der K\u00f6rper schickt Immunzellen zur Beseitigung, und \u00fcber Jahre hinweg verh\u00e4rtet sich dieses Chaos zu Plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The key thing to understand is that it starts young \u2014 often in the teens and twenties \u2014 and grows silently for decades before anyone notices. By the time it causes a symptom, it has usually been building for most of your life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherosclerotic-heart-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherosclerotic Heart Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A condition in which plaques composed of lipids, inflammatory cells, and fibrous tissue build up within the walls of the coronary arteries, narrowing them and reducing blood flow to the heart; it is the leading cause of heart attacks worldwide.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal&#039;s diagnosis and self-reported reversal of this condition is the medical backdrop that makes his athletic achievements particularly striking.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atherosclerotic-regression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atherosclerotic Regression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The measurable reduction in the size or lipid content of coronary artery plaques, documented by angiography or imaging; it requires a sustained biochemical environment of low circulating LDL and low inflammatory signaling so that cholesterol efflux from the arterial wall exceeds influx.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the central clinical goal of the dietary protocols discussed in the article\u2014moving beyond slowing disease to actually reversing it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"athlete-calcification-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Paradoxon der sportlichen Verkalkung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The athlete calcification paradox is the well-documented finding that lifelong endurance athletes accumulate more coronary artery calcium and total plaque than sedentary people of similar age, yet have substantially lower cardiovascular mortality \u2014 meaning more &#039;rust&#039; does not translate into greater death risk in this population.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the central finding that forces doctors and athletes to rethink what a high calcium score actually means in a person who exercises intensely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"athlete-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Das Athleten-Paradoxon<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Sportler-Paradoxon ist die Beobachtung, dass einige lebenslange Ausdauersportler im Vergleich zu weniger aktiven Gleichaltrigen h\u00f6here Werte f\u00fcr Koronarkalk und eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere Gesamtplaquebelastung aufweisen, obwohl sie ansonsten g\u00fcnstige kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risikoprofile haben, was darauf hindeutet, dass extremes, chronisches Training unabh\u00e4ngig davon die arterielle Verkalkung f\u00f6rdern kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It challenges the simple assumption that more exercise always means lower heart disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"athletes-heart\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Athlete&#039;s heart describes the normal changes that happen to a heart trained hard for years. The walls thicken a bit, the chambers get bigger, and the resting pulse drops.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These changes are healthy adaptations, not disease. The complication is that they can look similar to real heart problems on a test, so they need to be read by someone who understands athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#electrocardiogram\">Electrocardiogram<\/a><a href=\"#heart-rate\">Herzfrequenz<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atorvastatin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atorvastatin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atorvastatin, vertrieben als Lipitor, ist eines der beiden st\u00e4rksten Statine und geh\u00f6rt zu den am h\u00e4ufigsten verschriebenen Medikamenten der Welt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>At high dose it typically lowers LDL by around half. It is inexpensive, generic, and backed by more outcome evidence than almost any other drug in medicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#high-intensity-statin\">High-Intensity Statin<\/a><a href=\"#reversal\">UMKEHR<\/a><a href=\"#rosuvastatin\">Rosuvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atp-citrate-lyase-acly\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ATP-Citrate Lyase (ACLY)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ATP-citrate lyase is an enzyme that acts two steps upstream of HMG-CoA reductase in the mevalonate pathway, cleaving citrate to supply the raw material for cholesterol synthesis; bempedoic acid inhibits this enzyme to reduce hepatic cholesterol production.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because ACLY is the target of bempedoic acid, understanding it explains how this newer drug lowers LDL by a mechanism distinct from statins.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atrial-fibrillation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vorhofflimmern<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vorhofflimmern, oft als AFib abgek\u00fcrzt, ist ein schneller und unregelm\u00e4\u00dfiger Herzschlag, der in den Vorkammern des Herzens entsteht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because those chambers quiver instead of squeezing properly, blood can pool and form a clot, which may travel to the brain and cause a stroke. Interestingly, endurance athletes get AFib more often than couch potatoes \u2014 one of the few ways heavy exercise raises a risk instead of lowering it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#alcohol\">Alcohol<\/a><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#stroke\">Schlaganfall<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atrial-fibrosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atrial Fibrosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mikroskopische Narbenbildung des Vorhofmuskels, die h\u00e4ufig durch chronische mechanische Dehnung oder Entz\u00fcndungen entsteht; Fibrose st\u00f6rt die normale elektrische Leitung und ist ein bekannter Pr\u00e4diktor f\u00fcr ein Rezidiv von Vorhofflimmern nach einer Ablation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Fibrosis is one of the main reasons why ablation is less durable in long-term endurance athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atrial-refractory-period\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atrial Refractory Period<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The brief interval after each electrical activation during which atrial muscle cells cannot respond to a new stimulus; when this period is shortened \u2014 as occurs during sympathetic surges or with vagal tone \u2014 the atria become more vulnerable to rapid, disorganized firing and AF onset.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A shorter refractory period is one of the key electrical mechanisms linking intense exercise to AF in trained athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atrial-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atrial Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Structural and electrical changes in the atria \u2014 including enlargement, wall thickening, fibrosis, and altered ion-channel expression \u2014 that develop in response to chronic pressure or volume overload; in endurance athletes, sustained high cardiac output drives this process and increases AF susceptibility.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Atrial remodeling is the underlying mechanism linking years of hard endurance training to elevated AF risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"atypical-flutter\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Atypical Flutter<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A form of atrial flutter whose reentrant circuit does not follow the classic right-atrial pathway but instead arises from fibrotic or scarred tissue elsewhere in the atria; in athletes post-ablation, it often signals disease progression beyond the originally isolated pulmonary vein triggers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its emergence after ablation is a warning sign that the underlying arrhythmogenic substrate is advancing, not resolved.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"auc-area-under-the-roc-curve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A statistical measure of a diagnostic test&#039;s ability to discriminate between patients who will and will not experience an event, ranging from 0.5 (no better than chance) to 1.0 (perfect discrimination); in the CONFIRM2 registry, AI-QCT raised the AUC for predicting major cardiac events from 0.62 to 0.75.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The AUC figure is how the article quantifies the improvement in predictive accuracy that AI-QCT provides over standard testing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"autoimmune-conditions\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Autoimmune Conditions<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Disorders in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body&#039;s own tissues; Cordain argues that grains\u2014which are evolutionarily recent foods\u2014are associated with certain autoimmune conditions, citing gluten-related and lectin-related mechanisms as possible triggers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This claim is a key reason the Paleo framework discourages grains and is worth understanding when evaluating grain-free diets.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"automated-external-defibrillator\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Automated External Defibrillator<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An automated external defibrillator, or AED, is a portable device that can shock a stopped heart back into rhythm. It talks you through what to do, and it will not deliver a shock unless one is needed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When someone collapses from cardiac arrest, survival drops with every passing minute. A bystander with an AED nearby saves far more lives than waiting for an ambulance.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiac-arrest\">Cardiac Arrest<\/a><a href=\"#emergency-action-plan\">Emergency Action Plan<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"autophagy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Autophagy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Autophagy is a cellular housekeeping process by which cells break down and recycle damaged proteins and organelles; in arterial macrophages, it helps clear lipid debris and prevents the accumulation of plaque. The article&#039;s 2024 Nature Metabolism finding suggests that high single-meal protein doses may suppress autophagy in these immune cells, potentially worsening atherosclerosis in animal model\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Autophagy in artery-wall immune cells is the proposed mechanism linking large protein meals to cardiovascular risk, making it central to the article&#039;s &#039;25-gram paradox.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"autopsy-negative-sudden-unexplained-death-an-sud\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Autopsy-Negative Sudden Unexplained Death (AN-SUD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Autopsy-negative sudden unexplained death is a classification applied when a complete post-mortem examination, including cardiac-specific pathological review, identifies no structural cause for a fatal cardiac event; it represents the single largest adjudicated category in contemporary NCAA athlete SCD data at approximately 20% of cases.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that one in five young cardiac deaths leaves no structural trace explains why screening strategies focused solely on anatomy cannot prevent all events.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"autoxidation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Autoxidation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Autoxidation is the spontaneous reaction of fats with atmospheric oxygen, initiated and propagated without an external ignition source; the rate increases with the number of double bonds in a fatty acid, making highly polyunsaturated seed oils more prone to going rancid during storage or repeated heating than saturated or monounsaturated fats.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the chemical basis for advice to store oils in cool, dark conditions and avoid reusing frying oil.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"average-lumen-diameter-ald\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Average Lumen Diameter (ALD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The mean internal diameter measured across an entire standardized arterial segment between reference markers, as opposed to the single narrowest point; the Megdal study uses ALD change across red tick\u2013marked segments to document diffuse, wall-wide regression in the LAD and Circumflex rather than improvement at one focal spot only.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ALD reveals whether the whole artery is healthier, not just whether one isolated hot-spot improved.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-b\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">B<\/h2><article id=\"balloon-angioplasty\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Balloon Angioplasty<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Kathetereingriff, bei dem ein kleiner Ballon in einer verengten Koronararterie aufgeblasen wird, um die Plaque zu komprimieren und das Gef\u00e4\u00df zu erweitern; wurde vor der Entwicklung von Stents h\u00e4ufig eingesetzt, ist jedoch durch eine hohe Rate an erneuter Gef\u00e4\u00dfverengung (Restenose) nach dem Eingriff begrenzt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Balloon angioplasty was the predecessor to stenting and understanding its limitations explains why stents became the dominant approach.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"baltimore-longitudinal-study-of-aging\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging is a long-running prospective cohort study that tracked healthy men over decades and documented that total testosterone declines roughly 1\u20132% per year after the third decade, while free and bioavailable testosterone fall more steeply at about 2\u20133% per year as SHBG simultaneously rises.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides foundational data on how male hormone levels change with age, supporting the clinical importance of measuring bioavailable rather than total testosterone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bare-metal-stent\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bare-Metal Stent<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An uncoated metal mesh tube implanted inside a coronary artery to hold it open; unlike drug-eluting stents, it carries no medication and has a higher tendency to become re-blocked by overgrowth of arterial tissue (neointimal hyperplasia).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the difference between stent types helps patients ask informed questions about which device is being recommended and why.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bassler-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bassler Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Bassler hypothesis was a 1970s claim by physician Thomas Bassler that completing a standard marathon conferred near-absolute protection against fatal coronary atherosclerosis; autopsy studies in the late 1970s and 1980s documenting coronary artery disease in runners who died during training quickly disproved it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this discredited idea explains why doctors once assumed fit athletes were immune to heart disease \u2014 and why its collapse reshaped how we screen athletes today.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bdnf-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A protein that supports the survival, growth, and plasticity of neurons; estradiol promotes BDNF-associated signaling pathways, and its decline during menopause may reduce synaptic maintenance and contribute to memory complaints.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>BDNF is a key molecular bridge between estrogen loss and cognitive changes, making it relevant to understanding menopausal brain health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"belly-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Belly Fat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Belly fat that sits deep in the abdomen, wrapped around the organs, is called visceral fat. It is different from the softer fat you can pinch under the skin.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Visceral fat is active. It sends out chemical signals that raise blood sugar, blood pressure, and triglycerides. This is why waist size can predict heart trouble better than weight on the scale.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><a href=\"#waist-circumference\">Waist Circumference<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bempedoic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bempedoins\u00e4ure<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bempedoins\u00e4ure ist eine cholesterinsenkende Tablette, die in der Leber an einem Punkt kurz vor dem Angriffspunkt von Statinen wirkt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its main advantage is that it stays out of muscle tissue, so it rarely causes the muscle aches some people get from statins. That makes it a useful option for people who truly cannot tolerate a statin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ezetimibe\">Ezetimib<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"benefit-risk-balance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Benefit\u2013Risk Balance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Benefit\u2013risk balance refers to the quantitative comparison of the absolute reduction in harmful events a treatment prevents against the absolute increase in harmful events it causes; for aspirin, this balance is highly favorable in secondary prevention (where event rates are high) but close to neutral or unfavorable in primary prevention (where event rates are low).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This concept is the central framework of the entire aspirin debate\u2014the same drug can be lifesaving for one person and harmful for another depending on their underlying risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"beta-blocker\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Beta Blocker<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A beta blocker is a medicine that slows the heart and makes it beat less forcefully, which lowers blood pressure and reduces how much oxygen the heart needs.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Common examples include metoprolol and carvedilol. They are widely used after heart attacks and in heart failure, where a calmer, slower heart is easier on damaged muscle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#heart-failure\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/a><a href=\"#heart-rate\">Herzfrequenz<\/a><a href=\"#myocardial-infarction\">Myokardinfarkt<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"beta-cell-dysfunction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Beta-Cell Dysfunction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Impaired capacity of the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreatic islets to produce sufficient insulin in response to rising blood glucose; in type 2 diabetes, prolonged metabolic stress can cause irreversible beta-cell loss that limits the degree of disease reversal possible.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses beta-cell dysfunction as a parallel to myocardial scarring to illustrate the broader principle that suppressing a disease process does not always undo the organ damage it has already caused.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"betaine-dependent-remethylation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Betaine-Dependent Remethylation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An alternative homocysteine remethylation route, operating mainly in the liver and kidney, that uses betaine rather than 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as the methyl donor; it supplements but does not replace the folate-dependent pathway.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why homocysteine lowering with B vitamins is sometimes incomplete and why organ-specific factors like liver and kidney health affect the response.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biatrial-dilation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biatriale Dilatation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Enlargement of both the left and right atria, a structural change driven in endurance athletes by years of high cardiac output and sustained volume loading; it creates a stretched, electrically unstable tissue environment that predisposes to atrial fibrillation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding why the atria enlarge helps explain why reducing training volume \u2014 not just treating symptoms \u2014 is essential for long-term rhythm control.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bicentenario-velodrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Velodromo Bicentenario<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Hallenradrennbahn in Aguascalientes, Mexiko, auf etwa 1.887 Metern \u00fcber dem Meeresspiegel, bekannt f\u00fcr ihre steil \u00fcberh\u00f6hten Kurven und die H\u00f6henbedingungen, die aerodynamische Geschwindigkeit f\u00fcr Rekordversuche beg\u00fcnstigen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The venue&#039;s altitude and banking angle are central to understanding the conditions\u2014and trade-offs\u2014under which Megdal set his world hour record.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bicuspid-aortic-valve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bicuspid Aortic Valve<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A bicuspid aortic valve has two flaps instead of the usual three. It is present from birth in roughly one person in a hundred.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most common heart abnormality people are born with. It tends to narrow earlier in life and often comes with a wider aorta, so both need periodic monitoring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aorta\">Aorta<\/a><a href=\"#aortic-aneurysm\">Aortic Aneurysm<\/a><a href=\"#aortic-valve\">Aortenklappe<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biglycan\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biglycan<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Biglycan is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan present in the arterial subendothelial matrix that, along with versican and decorin, binds apoB-containing lipoprotein particles through ionic interactions, contributing to their retention in the intima as an initiating step in atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the specific molecules that trap particles helps explain why reducing particle number is more important than cholesterol content per particle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bile-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bile Acid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Gallens\u00e4uren werden von Ihrer Leber aus Cholesterin gebildet und in den Darm abgegeben, um bei der Fettverdauung zu helfen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the body&#039;s main route for disposing of cholesterol. Soluble fiber works by binding bile acids so they leave the body instead of being reabsorbed, forcing the liver to pull more cholesterol from the blood.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#fiber\">Faser<\/a><a href=\"#gut-microbiome\">Gut Microbiome<\/a><a href=\"#sr-b1\">SR-B1<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bioabsorbable-stent\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bioabsorbable Stent<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A next-generation coronary scaffold made from materials that are gradually broken down and absorbed by the body over time, leaving no permanent metallic structure inside the artery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because no metal remains, bioabsorbable stents avoid the lifelong risk of in-stent thrombosis associated with permanent metal devices.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bioavailable-testosterone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bioverf\u00fcgbares Testosteron<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bioavailable testosterone is the sum of the free (unbound) and albumin-bound fractions of circulating testosterone\u2014the portion actually accessible to tissues\u2014as opposed to the SHBG-bound fraction, which is biologically inert under normal conditions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the clinically meaningful number that predicts symptoms; total testosterone alone can be misleading.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biohacking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biohacking<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A popular term for self-experimentation with diet, supplements, technology, or lifestyle practices aimed at optimizing physical performance, health, or longevity; it lacks a standardized scientific definition and often promotes unvalidated interventions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the term helps readers critically evaluate trendy health claims that may outpace the supporting evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biologic-drug\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biologic (Drug)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A medication derived from living cells or biological sources rather than chemical synthesis; unlike small-molecule drugs such as statins, biologics are typically large proteins administered by injection and are designed to target specific molecules in the body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that Repatha is a biologic helps explain why it works through a completely different mechanism than statins and has a distinct side-effect profile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biological-inertia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biological Inertia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The tendency of established structural damage\u2014such as calcified plaques or myocardial scar tissue\u2014to persist even after the active disease process driving that damage has been halted, because the biochemical and cellular remodeling involved is largely irreversible.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This concept explains why early intervention produces better outcomes than late intervention, a recurring theme in the article&#039;s discussion of plaque types and heart-attack scarring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biological-latency\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biological Latency<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Biological latency in atherosclerosis is the interval between the start of arterial injury from ApoB-containing particles and the point at which a lesion grows large enough for clinical imaging to detect it; autopsy studies of young soldiers and the Bogalusa Heart Study confirm that microscopic disease is common long before any scan turns positive.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Latency explains why a clean heart scan in a young person with very high cholesterol can be misleading rather than reassuring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"biomarker\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Biomarker<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Biomarker ist etwas im K\u00f6rper Messbarem, das Aufschluss \u00fcber Gesundheit oder Krankheit gibt \u2013 ein Laborwert, ein Scanergebnis, ein Blutdruckwert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The catch is that changing a biomarker does not automatically mean you have changed your fate. A number can improve while the underlying disease keeps going. Good biomarkers are ones that have been proven to track real outcomes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bis-allylic-methylene-group\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bis-Allylic Methylene Group<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A carbon atom flanked on both sides by carbon-carbon double bonds in a fatty acid chain; this configuration is particularly vulnerable to free-radical attack and is the structural reason polyunsaturated fats oxidize faster than saturated or monounsaturated fats.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the precise chemical feature that makes seed oils less stable at high heat, grounding the cooking-stability advice in molecular reality.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bloch-pathway\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bloch Pathway<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Bloch pathway is one of two main routes by which lanosterol is converted to cholesterol, proceeding through the intermediate desmosterol before a final reduction by the enzyme DHCR24. It predominates in the testes, adrenal glands, and developing neurons, where the desmosterol intermediate itself serves a biological function.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Defects in specific enzymes of this pathway cause inherited sterol disorders that can present with cardiovascular and neurological complications.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blood-clot\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blutgerinnsel<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Blutgerinnsel ist eine Klumpenbildung aus Blutzellen und Protein, die entsteht, um Blutungen zu stoppen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Clots are lifesaving when you cut yourself. They are dangerous when they form inside an artery. Most heart attacks happen when a plaque cracks open and a clot forms on top of it, suddenly shutting off blood flow.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blood-pressure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blutdruck<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Blutdruck ist die Kraft, mit der das Blut gegen Ihre Arterienw\u00e4nde dr\u00fcckt. Er wird als zwei Zahlen geschrieben, wie 120\/80. Die obere Zahl ist der Druck, wenn sich Ihr Herz zusammenzieht, die untere, wenn es sich entspannt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>High blood pressure damages artery walls over time and makes it easier for cholesterol particles to get in. It usually causes no symptoms at all, which is why it gets missed for years.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diastolic-blood-pressure\">Diastolic Blood Pressure<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blood-sugar\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blood Sugar<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Blood sugar, or glucose, is the fuel your cells run on. Your body works hard to keep it in a narrow range.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When it stays high for years, it damages blood vessels throughout the body \u2014 including the ones feeding your heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves. High blood sugar often shows up alongside high triglycerides and a high particle count.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#glucose\">Glucose<\/a><a href=\"#hemoglobin-a1c\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blood-volume\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blood Volume<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Gesamtvolumen des zirkulierenden Blutes im K\u00f6rper; Ausdauertraining vergr\u00f6\u00dfert das Plasma- und Erythrozytenvolumen, wodurch die Sauerstoffversorgung der Muskeln verbessert wird und bei trainierten Sportlern zu einem h\u00f6heren VO\u2082max beitr\u00e4gt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Expanded blood volume is one of the key physiological adaptations distinguishing elite masters athletes from sedentary age-matched individuals.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blood-brain-barrier\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blood\u2013Brain Barrier<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The blood\u2013brain barrier is a highly selective cellular interface lining the brain&#039;s blood vessels that blocks lipoprotein particles from entering the central nervous system, meaning the brain must synthesize all of its own cholesterol locally.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this barrier explains why lipid-lowering drugs do not deplete brain cholesterol, addressing a common concern about statin safety and cognitive effects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blooming-artifact\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blooming Artifact<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CT imaging phenomenon in which dense calcified deposits appear larger than they truly are due to signal spillover, creating a bright &#039;halo&#039; that can obscure adjacent non-calcified plaque or distort lumen assessment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This artifact is a key reason standard CAC scans can underestimate the full extent of coronary disease lurking beside calcified spots.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"blue-zones\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Blaue Zonen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Five geographic regions\u2014Okinawa, Sardinia, Loma Linda, Nicoya, and Ikaria\u2014identified by researcher Dan Buettner where people live significantly longer than the global average; their diets are consistently 90\u201395% plant-based, centered on legumes, whole grains, and tubers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Blue Zone populations offer real-world, long-term evidence of which dietary patterns are associated with exceptional longevity.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"body-mass-index\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Body Mass Index<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Body-Mass-Index, kurz BMI, ist eine aus Gr\u00f6\u00dfe und Gewicht berechnete Zahl, die als grobes Ma\u00df f\u00fcr die K\u00f6rpergr\u00f6\u00dfe dient.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is convenient but crude. It cannot tell muscle from fat, and it says nothing about where your fat is stored. A muscular athlete can land in the overweight range while being perfectly healthy, and a thin person can carry dangerous visceral fat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#metabolic-health\">Metabolic Health<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><a href=\"#waist-circumference\">Waist Circumference<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bogalusa-heart-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bogalusa-Herz-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Bogalusa Heart Study examined the arteries of children and young adults who died in accidents in a Louisiana town.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The findings were startling: fatty streaks and early plaque in teenagers, and more of it in those with higher cholesterol and blood pressure. It is direct evidence that heart disease begins decades before anyone feels anything.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#fatty-streak\">Fatty Streak<\/a><a href=\"#pday\">PDAY<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"brachial-artery-fmd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Brachial Artery FMD<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a noninvasive ultrasound test that measures how much the brachial artery in the upper arm widens in response to increased blood flow, reflecting nitric oxide-dependent endothelial function; it is a surrogate marker associated with cardiovascular risk in observational studies but is not itself a clinical endpoint like heart attack or stroke.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Many dietary fat studies use FMD as an outcome, so knowing its limitations helps readers weigh those results appropriately.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"brachiocephalic-artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Brachiocephalic Artery<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A major artery branching from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the head, neck, and right arm; in mouse atherosclerosis studies it is a key site for plaque measurement because it develops lesions rapidly and reproducibly.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The 624% plaque increase reported at this artery is the study&#039;s most striking finding, so knowing what it is matters.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bradford-hill-criteria\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bradford Hill Criteria<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Bradford Hill criteria are a set of nine principles\u2014including strength of association, consistency, biological plausibility, and dose-response\u2014used to evaluate whether an observed statistical association between an exposure and a disease is likely to be causal.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are the standard framework scientists use to judge whether LDL truly causes heart disease rather than just correlating with it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"breakaway-cycling-road-race\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Breakaway (Cycling Road Race)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A small group of riders who accelerate away from the main field (peloton) during a race, hoping to hold their lead to the finish line.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The tactical decision to chase the breakaway drove the high-intensity cardiovascular effort that is the athletic centrepiece of the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-gets-second-at-national-championships\/\">Read: Peter Megdal gets second at National Championships<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"broad-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">BROAD Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized controlled trial (Wright et al., 2017) testing a whole food plant-based diet in a community setting for obesity, ischemic heart disease, or diabetes; the WFPB group achieved greater weight loss at six and twelve months than any other trial that did not mandate calorie restriction or exercise.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the few RCTs directly comparing plant-based eating to usual care for weight loss without confounding calorie counting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"brown-and-goldstein-ldl-receptor-pathway\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Brown and Goldstein LDL Receptor Pathway<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The foundational molecular mechanism described by Nobel laureates Michael Brown and Joseph Goldstein, showing that liver cells regulate their own cholesterol uptake through surface receptors that bind and clear LDL from the bloodstream; this discovery explained familial hypercholesterolemia and became the biological rationale for statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, and all subsequent LDL-lowering therapie\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Every cholesterol-lowering drug discussed in the article ultimately works by exploiting or augmenting this pathway, making it the conceptual bedrock of modern lipid medicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"butyrate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Butyrate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A short-chain fatty acid produced when gut bacteria ferment dietary fiber; it strengthens the intestinal barrier, reducing the leakage of bacterial toxins (such as LPS) into the bloodstream that would otherwise drive systemic inflammation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It connects diet and gut health directly to cardiovascular inflammation, showing that what you eat shapes your inflammatory risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bvait-b-vitamin-atherosclerosis-intervention-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">BVAIT (B-Vitamin Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized controlled trial of 506 participants that tested high-dose B vitamins (5 mg folic acid, 0.4 mg B-12, 50 mg B-6) versus placebo for approximately three years, with carotid intima-media thickness progression as the primary endpoint; the main result was negative.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the largest imaging trial directly testing whether B vitamins slow arterial plaque progression in people with mildly elevated homocysteine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"bypass-surgery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bypass-Operation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bypass surgery takes a healthy blood vessel from somewhere else in your body and uses it to route blood around a badly blocked coronary artery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Like a stent, it restores blood flow to muscle that was starving. Also like a stent, it treats one location. The disease process continues in the rest of your arteries unless the underlying causes are addressed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angioplasty\">Angioplastie<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-disease\">Koronare Herzkrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-c\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">C<\/h2><article id=\"c-reactive-protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">C-Reactive Protein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>C-reaktives Protein, oder CRP, ist eine Substanz, die Ihre Leber bildet, wenn irgendwo in Ihrem K\u00f6rper eine Entz\u00fcndung vorliegt. Eine empfindliche Version des Tests, hs-CRP, wird zur Absch\u00e4tzung des Herzrisikos verwendet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A high result means inflammation, but not where it is coming from \u2014 a cold, arthritis, or gum disease will raise it too. It adds information but does not replace measuring your particle count.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#biomarker\">Biomarker<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"c-statistic-concordance-statistic\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">C-Statistic (Concordance Statistic)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measure of a predictive model&#039;s ability to correctly rank individuals by risk, equivalent to the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC); it ranges from 0.5 (no better than chance) to 1.0 (perfect discrimination), with values above 0.80 generally considered clinically useful.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It allows direct comparison of how well traditional risk scores versus AI imaging actually identify who will have a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"c5-classification-paracycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">C5 Classification (Paracycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The least functionally impaired category in UCI paracycling, reserved for athletes with a limb deficiency, leg-length discrepancy, or impaired muscle power or range of movement that is mild enough to allow racing on a standard bicycle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Classification determines who an athlete competes against and which records apply, making it essential context for evaluating Megdal&#039;s performances.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cad-rads\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CAD-RADS<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CAD-RADS (Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System) is a standardized grading scale used to report findings from coronary CT angiography, ranging from 0 (no plaque or stenosis) to 5 (at least one totally occluded artery); the index patient scored CAD-RADS 0, reflecting no detectable plaque above the imaging threshold.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what CAD-RADS 0 means\u2014and what it cannot rule out\u2014is essential to interpreting the &#039;perfect&#039; scan result discussed throughout the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"calcific-aortic-valve-stenosis-cavs\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis (CAVS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Calcific aortic valve stenosis is a condition in which calcium deposits progressively stiffen and narrow the aortic valve, ultimately obstructing blood flow from the heart; Lp(a)-borne oxidized phospholipids are a principal driver of the underlying valvular inflammation and calcification.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why some people with seemingly controlled cholesterol still develop severe heart valve disease requiring surgery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"calcification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Verkalkung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Verkalkung tritt auf, wenn sich Kalzium in einer Plaque ablagert, wodurch diese teilweise hart und kn\u00f6chern wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It sounds bad, and a high total amount does signal a lot of disease. But the hardening itself is partly the body&#039;s repair job \u2014 a hard, stable plaque is less likely to crack open than a soft, greasy one. This is why statins and heavy exercise can both make plaque look more calcified while making it safer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcified-plaque\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"calcified-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Verkalkte Plaque ist der geh\u00e4rtete, mit Calcium gef\u00fcllte Teil einer Plaque. Sie zeigt sich hell auf einem CT-Scan, was genau das ist, was ein Calcium-Scan misst.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Athletes often have more calcified plaque than non-athletes, but it tends to be the dense, stable kind. The amount and the type both matter, not just the total number.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><a href=\"#zero-calcium-score\">Kalkscore von null<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"calcium-blooming-artifact\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Calcium Blooming Artifact<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CT imaging artifact in which a dense calcified deposit spreads or &#039;blooms&#039; beyond its true boundaries due to detector limitations, obscuring adjacent soft tissue and making it impossible to assess non-calcified plaque sitting next to the calcium.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article cites calcium blooming as a key reason conventional CT missed dangerous soft plaque, and explains how photon-counting CT solves it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"calcium-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kalkscore<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Kalzium-Score (Kalkscore der Herzkranzgef\u00e4\u00dfe) ist ein aus einem CT-Scan abgeleiteter Wert, der die Gesamtmenge an verkalktem Plaque in den Koronararterien quantifiziert; ein Wert von null weist auf kein nachweisbares verkalktes Plaque hin, w\u00e4hrend h\u00f6here Werte eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere Plaque-Last und ein erh\u00f6htes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risiko widerspiegeln.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most direct, widely available way to see whether plaque has actually formed in your arteries, going beyond what cholesterol tests can reveal.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"caloric-restriction-cr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Caloric Restriction (CR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A sustained reduction in calorie intake without malnutrition that consistently downregulates growth signaling, enhances autophagy, and extends lifespan in a wide range of organisms; it is considered one of the most reproducible pro-longevity interventions in experimental biology.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Caloric restriction is the benchmark intervention against which most dietary longevity strategies are compared, and it underpins advice about avoiding chronic overeating earlier in life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"canakinumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Canakinumab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Canakinumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), a key inflammatory signaling protein; it was the active drug in the CANTOS trial, where it reduced cardiovascular events without affecting LDL cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its cardiovascular benefit without any cholesterol lowering was landmark evidence that inflammation is a therapeutic target in heart disease in its own right.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cantos\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ges\u00e4nge<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study) was a large randomized trial that tested canakinumab, a drug blocking the inflammatory signal IL-1\u03b2, against placebo; at its prespecified 150 mg dose it reduced major cardiovascular events by roughly 15% without lowering LDL cholesterol, providing direct human evidence that inflammation drives heart attacks through a pathway indepen\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It proved that targeting inflammation alone \u2014 separate from cholesterol \u2014 can reduce heart attacks, a finding that reshaped how scientists think about what drives plaque rupture.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cantos-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CANTOS Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study) trial was a landmark randomized controlled trial that tested whether canakinumab, an IL-1\u03b2 inhibitor, could reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with elevated hs-CRP after myocardial infarction; its positive results provided the first direct clinical evidence that inflammation is a causal, therapeutically modifiabl\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CANTOS changed how cardiologists think about residual risk by showing inflammation is not just a bystander\u2014it is a treatable target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"capillary-density\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Capillary Density<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Capillary density refers to the number of tiny blood vessels per unit of muscle tissue; regular endurance exercise increases capillary density, improving oxygen and nutrient delivery to working muscles, an adaptation that drugs cannot produce.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Higher capillary density is part of the structural fitness that keeps muscles and organs well-supplied as we age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"capillary-rarefaction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Capillary Rarefaction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Capillary rarefaction is the age-related loss of capillary density within skeletal muscle, which increases the distance oxygen must travel from blood to muscle fibers and reduces the efficiency of oxygen extraction during exercise.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the peripheral mechanisms that erodes aerobic capacity in older athletes even when the heart itself is well-preserved.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"caprylic-acid-c80\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Caprylic Acid (C8:0)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An 8-carbon saturated fatty acid found in small amounts in coconut oil (~7\u20139%) and concentrated in purified MCT oils; it is rapidly absorbed, transported directly via the portal vein, and oxidized in the liver, accounting for most of the thermogenic and ketogenic effects attributed to MCT preparations in research studies.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most metabolism studies praising MCTs used oils rich in C8:0\u2014not coconut oil\u2014making this distinction crucial for evaluating coconut oil&#039;s weight-loss claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carbohydrate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kohlenhydrat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Kohlenhydrate sind die Zucker und St\u00e4rken in Lebensmitteln \u2013 Brot, Reis, Nudeln, Obst, Kartoffeln, S\u00fc\u00dfigkeiten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Quality matters more than quantity for most people. Whole grains, beans, and vegetables behave very differently in the body than white flour and sugar, even though they are all technically carbohydrates.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#added-sugar\">Zuckerzusatz<\/a><a href=\"#fiber\">Faser<\/a><a href=\"#ketogenic-diet\">Ketogenic Diet<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carbohydrate-gel-energy-gel\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Carbohydrate Gel (Energy Gel)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A concentrated, rapidly absorbed source of simple carbohydrates in a semi-liquid form, consumed immediately before or during endurance exercise to maintain blood glucose and delay glycogen depletion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Fueling strategy before a maximal aerobic effort is a practical cardiovascular nutrition topic relevant to heart patients who exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carbohydrate-restricted-diet-crd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet (CRD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A carbohydrate-restricted diet is a dietary pattern that substantially limits carbohydrate intake\u2014ranging from strict ketogenic diets to broader low-carb approaches\u2014and is the dietary context in which the Lean Mass Hyper-Responder phenotype and associated LDL elevations are most commonly observed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing this term helps readers understand why the LDL debate has intensified alongside the popularity of keto eating.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CARDIA<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CARDIA has followed young adults from their twenties into later life, tracking fitness, cholesterol, blood pressure, and what eventually happened to them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because it started so early, it captured the years when plaque is silently forming. It supplies much of the evidence that risk factors in your twenties shape your arteries in your fifties.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-arrest\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Arrest<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cardiac arrest is when the heart suddenly stops pumping and the person collapses, stops breathing normally, and loses consciousness within seconds.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is not the same as a heart attack. A heart attack is a plumbing problem \u2014 blocked blood flow. Cardiac arrest is an electrical problem \u2014 the heart&#039;s rhythm falls apart. A heart attack can trigger one, but so can other things. Without CPR and a defibrillator, survival drops fast.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#automated-external-defibrillator\">Automated External Defibrillator<\/a><a href=\"#emergency-action-plan\">Emergency Action Plan<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-catheterization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Catheterization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cardiac catheterization is a procedure where a thin tube is threaded through a blood vessel, usually from the wrist or groin, up into the heart&#039;s arteries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Doctors use it to see blockages, measure pressures, and often to place a stent in the same session. It is how many people first learn how much disease they actually have.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#angioplasty\">Angioplastie<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-events\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Events<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Klinisch signifikante kardiovaskul\u00e4re Ereignisse \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich Myokardinfarkt, instabiler Angina pectoris und Herztod \u2013, die als Endpunkte in kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Studien verwendet werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Trials are ultimately judged on whether they reduce cardiac events, not just on changes in imaging or blood tests.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-ischemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Ischemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A condition in which blood flow to the heart muscle is insufficient to meet its oxygen demand, typically caused by narrowed coronary arteries; it can produce chest pain (angina), reduced exercise capacity, or, if severe, a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Ischemia is the underlying mechanism linking blocked arteries to the symptoms and performance losses described throughout the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-magnetic-resonance-cmr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine spezialisierte MRT-Technik des Herzens, die Lage, Muster und Ausma\u00df einer Myokardverletzung charakterisieren und so helfen kann, einen isch\u00e4mischen Infarkt von nicht-isch\u00e4mischen Erkrankungen wie Myokarditis oder Takotsubo-Syndrom zu unterscheiden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CMR is essential in MINOCA workup because it reveals where and how the heart muscle was injured, guiding the search for an underlying mechanism.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-mri\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kardio-MRT<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cardiac MRI uses magnetic fields rather than X-rays to image the heart in fine detail, with no radiation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the best test for scarring in the heart muscle, which makes it valuable for distinguishing an athlete&#039;s healthy enlarged heart from genuine disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#cardiomyopathy\">Kardiomyopathie<\/a><a href=\"#myocarditis\">Myocarditis<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiac-rehabilitation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiac Rehabilitation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein medizinisch \u00fcberwachtes Programm aus Bewegung, Schulung und Lebensstil\u00e4nderung nach einem kardialen Ereignis wie einem Herzinfarkt, das darauf ausgelegt ist, die Herz-Kreislauf-Funktion zu verbessern und das Risiko zuk\u00fcnftiger Ereignisse zu verringern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article presents cardiac rehab as the clearest real-world hint that improving VO\u2082 max can causally lower mortality.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiomyopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kardiomyopathie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cardiomyopathy is disease of the heart muscle itself, rather than of the arteries feeding it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The muscle may thicken, stretch, or stiffen. Several forms are inherited, and they are among the leading causes of sudden death in young athletes \u2014 a different problem entirely from plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiac-mri\">Kardio-MRT<\/a><a href=\"#heart-failure\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/a><a href=\"#hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy\">Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiopulmonary-recovery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiopulmonary Recovery<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The measurable restoration of heart and lung function following disease or injury, assessed through indices such as ejection fraction, VO2 max, and resting heart rate; it forms the physiological basis for structured cardiac rehabilitation programs.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Quantifying cardiopulmonary recovery allows clinicians and patients to track whether lifestyle and exercise interventions are producing real biological benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiorespiratory-fitness\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die kardiorespiratorische Fitness beschreibt, wie gut Herz, Lunge und Muskeln bei anstrengender k\u00f6rperlicher Bet\u00e4tigung zusammenarbeiten, um Sauerstoff zu verwerten. Sie wird h\u00e4ufig als VO2 max gemessen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the strongest predictors of how long you will live \u2014 stronger than most lab values. But being extremely fit does not make you immune to plaque, which is a hard lesson many endurance athletes have learned.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aerobic-exercise\">Aerobik<\/a><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#vascular-age\">Vascular Age<\/a><a href=\"#vo2-max\">VO2-Max<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiovascular-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sind der Oberbegriff f\u00fcr Probleme mit dem Herzen und den Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfen, einschlie\u00dflich Herzinfarkten, Schlaganf\u00e4llen und verstopften Beinarterien.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the leading cause of death worldwide. Most of it traces back to the same underlying process: plaque slowly building in artery walls over decades.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-disease\">Koronare Herzkrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#peripheral-artery-disease\">Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#stroke\">Schlaganfall<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cardiovascular-outcomes-trial-cvot\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (CVOT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A cardiovascular outcomes trial is a large, long-term randomized controlled trial specifically designed to measure whether a drug reduces major cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, or cardiovascular death, rather than only improving a lab value or surrogate marker; regulators began requiring them for diabetes drugs after 2008.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CVOTs are why we know these medicines actually prevent heart attacks, not just lower blood sugar \u2014 a distinction critical for evaluating their real-world benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carnitine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Carnitine<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Carnitine is a nutrient found mostly in red meat. Your body also makes some on its own.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It matters here because gut bacteria can convert carnitine into a compound called TMAO, which has been linked to heart disease. How strong that link really is remains debated.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#choline\">Choline<\/a><a href=\"#gut-microbiome\">Gut Microbiome<\/a><a href=\"#red-meat\">Red Meat<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carotid-artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Halsschlagader<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Halsschlagadern verlaufen auf jeder Seite Ihres Halses nach oben und versorgen Ihr Gehirn mit Blut.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are easy to scan with ultrasound, so researchers often use them to study plaque without needing to look at the heart directly. Plaque in a carotid artery can break loose and cause a stroke.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#intima-media-thickness\">Intima-Media Thickness<\/a><a href=\"#ischemic-stroke\">Isch\u00e4mischer Schlaganfall<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#stroke\">Schlaganfall<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carotid-intima-media-thickness-cimt\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Carotid intima-media thickness is an ultrasound measurement of the combined thickness of the inner two layers of the carotid artery wall in the neck; a faster rate of thickening indicates accelerating atherosclerosis, and it is used as a surrogate marker for cardiovascular risk in trials such as ELITE.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a key surrogate endpoint used to test whether hormone therapy slows arterial aging without needing to wait for heart attacks to occur.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"carotid-intima-media-thickness-cimt-progression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) Progression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The rate at which the combined thickness of the innermost two layers of the carotid artery wall increases over time, measured by ultrasound and used as a surrogate imaging marker of atherosclerosis progression or regression in clinical trials.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Many homocysteine studies used this measure instead of counting heart attacks, making it essential for interpreting whether B vitamins actually slow plaque development.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cascade-fh-registry\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CASCADE-FH-Register<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The CASCADE FH Registry is a United States-based patient registry that prospectively collects clinical, genetic, and treatment data from individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia; in HoFH research it has provided key evidence comparing outcomes between patients diagnosed and treated in childhood versus adulthood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Registry data from CASCADE FH quantified the survival benefit of early diagnosis and treatment, directly shaping current pediatric screening recommendations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"case-control-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Case-Control Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A case-control study starts with people who already have a disease, finds similar people who do not, and looks backward for differences.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is efficient for rare conditions. Its weakness is that it relies on recall and records from the past, and people who are ill tend to remember their history differently.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"case-crossover-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Case-Crossover Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A case-crossover study compares a person&#039;s exposure in the short period just before an acute event \u2014 such as a heart attack \u2014 with their exposure during earlier &#039;control&#039; periods in their own life, making each person their own control. The article uses case-crossover data to report that the odds of myocardial infarction roughly double in the hour after acute anger.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This design is why the &#039;anger triggers heart attacks&#039; finding is more credible than it might first appear \u2014 but it measures acute triggers, not long-term risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"casein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kasein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The dominant protein in cow&#039;s milk, accounting for roughly 80% of its total protein content; rodent studies have shown that casein can promote tumour growth at high intake levels and suppress it at lower levels, findings that have been influential but also contested when extrapolated to other animal proteins.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding casein&#039;s specific effects helps evaluate whether cancer-risk claims about animal protein apply broadly or only to dairy-derived protein.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"catecholaminergic-polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia-cpvt\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is an inherited channelopathy in which abnormal calcium handling in heart muscle cells causes life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias triggered specifically by the catecholamine surge of exercise or emotional stress, with a structurally normal heart at autopsy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CPVT illustrates how exercise can be directly arrhythmogenic through biochemical rather than mechanical mechanisms, and it is easily missed by standard structural screening.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"category-3-cat-3-rider\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Category 3 (Cat 3) Rider<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A USA Cycling licence category indicating an intermediate-level amateur road racer, below Category 1\u20132 elite amateurs and professionals; used to benchmark the competitive field Megdal trains against in Memphis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the category helps readers gauge how demanding Megdal&#039;s training environment is relative to his age-group competition.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-gets-second-at-national-championships\/\">Read: Peter Megdal gets second at National Championships<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"catheter-ablation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Catheter Ablation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Verfahren, bei dem ein Kardiologe einen d\u00fcnnen, flexiblen Schlauch (Katheter) in das Herz einf\u00fchrt und Energie \u2013 typischerweise Hochfrequenzstrom oder Kryotherapie \u2013 nutzt, um kleine Gewebebezirke zu zerst\u00f6ren, die f\u00fcr die Ausl\u00f6sung abnormaler elektrischer Signale verantwortlich sind; die wichtigste interventionelle Behandlung bei Vorhofflimmern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article centers on what athletes can expect from ablation, so knowing how the procedure works matters.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"caught-cad-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CAUGHT-CAD Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CAUGHT-CAD is a 2025 randomized trial that studied patients with a family history of premature coronary artery disease and found that Coronary CT Angiography \u2014 rather than standard calcium scoring alone \u2014 was necessary to detect non-calcified plaque and direct timely clinical intervention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The trial is cited as direct evidence that standard calcium scanning is insufficient for people with strong inherited cardiac risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"causation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Kausalit\u00e4t bedeutet, dass eine Sache tats\u00e4chlich bewirkt, dass eine andere geschieht. Sie unterscheidet sich von Korrelation, die lediglich besagt, dass zwei Dinge dazu neigen, gemeinsam aufzutreten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This distinction runs through almost every health headline you read. Wine drinkers were healthier \u2014 but the wine was not the reason. Sorting real causes from tag-alongs is most of the work in medical research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"caveolar-transcytosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Caveolar Transcytosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Caveolar transcytosis is a process by which LDL and other ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles are transported across the endothelial cell layer into the arterial wall via small membrane-bound vesicles called caveolae; receptors including LDLR, SR-B1, and ALK1 participate in this pathway, and higher blood ApoB concentrations increase the rate of particle entry in a concentration-dependent manner.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This mechanism explains at a molecular level why very high ApoB concentrations overwhelm the artery&#039;s defenses and drive plaque formation regardless of metabolic fitness.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ccta-coronary-ct-angiography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CCTA (Coronary CT Angiography)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coronary CT angiography is a non-invasive imaging test that uses X-ray computed tomography to produce detailed pictures of the coronary arteries, allowing doctors to detect and characterize both calcified and non-calcified plaque without inserting a catheter.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key imaging tool used to detect the &#039;silent&#039; plaque buildup described in athletes throughout the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cellular-senescence\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cellular Senescence<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Zellul\u00e4re Seneszenz ist ein Zustand, in dem gesch\u00e4digte Zellen dauerhaft aufh\u00f6ren sich zu teilen, aber metabolisch aktiv bleiben und entz\u00fcndliche Signale abgeben, die lokale Gewebesch\u00e4den beg\u00fcnstigen k\u00f6nnen; in alternden Arterien h\u00e4ufen sich seneszente Zellen an Plaque-Stellen an und tragen zu einer chronischen, geringgradigen Gef\u00e4\u00dfentz\u00fcndung bei.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Senescent cells are one of the key mechanisms by which aging adds cardiovascular risk beyond simple cholesterol exposure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cenit-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CENIT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The CENIT (Coronary Disease and the Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training) trial was a randomized study of 60 patients with stable coronary artery disease that used intravascular ultrasound to measure whether six months of supervised HIIT at 85\u201395% of peak heart rate changed plaque volume compared with standard care. It found HIIT reduced percent atheroma volume by 1.2% and total normalized\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the few trials showing exercise can shrink measurable plaque in people already on heart medication.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"central-governor-theory\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Central Governor Theory<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A model of fatigue proposing that the brain anticipates physiological limits and reduces muscle recruitment before the body actually reaches failure, acting as a protective regulatory system rather than allowing true muscular exhaustion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reframes fatigue as a negotiable brain signal rather than a fixed physical wall, with implications for how athletes and cardiac rehab patients push through perceived limits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"centrifugal-force-in-velodrome-banking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Centrifugal Force (in Velodrome Banking)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The outward pseudo-force experienced by a rider as the banked track redirects the bicycle through a curve; on steeply banked velodromes the effective gravitational load on the rider can approach twice normal body weight, imposing additional cardiovascular and musculoskeletal stress.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Repeated high G-force loading in each lap raises physical strain during sustained maximal cardiac output, relevant to any athlete managing heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cerebral-amyloid-angiopathy-caa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a condition in which amyloid-beta protein deposits accumulate in the walls of small blood vessels in the brain, weakening them and predisposing to microbleeds and impaired blood flow.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CAA illustrates how vascular and amyloid pathology directly overlap in the brain, complicating the separation of &#039;pure&#039; Alzheimer&#039;s from vascular dementia.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cerebral-small-vessel-disease-csvd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cerebral small vessel disease refers to a spectrum of pathological changes affecting the small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules of the brain, distinct from large-artery atherosclerosis in its drivers and manifestations. It produces white-matter lesions, lacunar infarcts, and contributes to cognitive decline and vascular dementia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CSVD illustrates that arterial disease is not confined to the heart\u2014the same risk factors silently damage the brain&#039;s tiny vessels, linking cardiovascular and cognitive health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cerebrovascular-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cerebrovascular Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Erkrankung der Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe, die das Gehirn versorgen, einschlie\u00dflich Schlaganfall; in einer \u00dcberblicksarbeit von Meta-Analysen neben Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen als ein Ergebnis genannt, das durch vegetarische und vegane Ern\u00e4hrung verringert wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Shows that the cardiovascular benefits of plant-based diets extend beyond the heart to include brain circulation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"certain-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CERTAIN-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine klinische Studie zur Bewertung des Einflusses der AI-QCT-Analyse von Koronarplaques auf die Behandlungsentscheidungen von \u00c4rzten; sie ergab, dass die durch KI gewonnenen Ergebnisse bei 57,1% der Patienten zu einer \u00c4nderung der Behandlung f\u00fchrten, wodurch der Einsatz von Statinen um 28,1% und die Verschreibung von Aspirin um 23% zunahmen und unn\u00f6tige Folgeuntersuchungen um 37% reduziert wurden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It demonstrates that AI imaging translates into concrete changes in patient care, not merely better pictures.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cetp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CETP<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CETP ist ein Protein, das Cholesterin und Triglyceride zwischen HDL und den sch\u00e4dlichen ApoB-Partikeln austauscht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Blocking it raises HDL dramatically, so drug companies spent billions trying. Most of those drugs failed to prevent heart attacks, and one caused harm. It became the clearest evidence that raising HDL is not itself a treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cetp-inhibitors\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CETP Inhibitors<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A class of drugs designed to block cholesterol ester transfer protein, an enzyme that shuttles cholesterol from HDL to LDL particles; clinical trials such as ILLUMINATE and ACCELERATE showed that pharmacologically raising HDL-C this way did not reduce cardiovascular events, shifting the field&#039;s focus toward HDL function rather than concentration.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Their failure helped overturn the assumption that simply raising &#039;good cholesterol&#039; numbers protects the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cha2ds2-vasc-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CHA2DS2-VASc Score<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A clinical scoring tool used to estimate stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation, assigning points for risk factors such as age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, prior stroke, and vascular disease; a score of 2 or higher typically triggers a recommendation for oral anticoagulation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing your score determines whether you must stay on blood thinners \u2014 a decision that directly affects which sports are safe to play.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"channelopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Channelopathy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A channelopathy is an inherited disorder of cardiac ion-channel proteins that disrupts the electrical signals controlling heart rhythm without producing any visible structural abnormality detectable at autopsy; examples include long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Channelopathies can cause sudden death in a structurally normal heart, making them invisible to tests that look only for physical abnormalities.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"china-cornell-oxford-project\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">China-Cornell-Oxford-Projekt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe \u00f6kologische Studie, die in den 1980er Jahren durchgef\u00fchrt wurde und Ern\u00e4hrungsmuster, Biomarker und die Krankheitsmortalit\u00e4t in l\u00e4ndlichen chinesischen Bezirken mit \u00fcberwiegend pflanzlicher Ern\u00e4hrung verglich; sie berichtete \u00fcber eine drastisch niedrigere Sterblichkeit an koronarer Herzkrankheit und wesentlich niedrigere Serumcholesterinspiegel im l\u00e4ndlichen China im Vergleich zu den Vereinigten Staaten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This project is a foundational reference for the link between plant-dominant diets and lower cardiovascular mortality, though its ecological design limits causal inference.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chinese-longitudinal-healthy-longevity-survey-clhls\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A long-running longitudinal study of elderly and oldest-old adults in China, widely used to examine survival, diet, and healthspan in people aged 80 and above, including centenarians.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the primary source for the article&#039;s claim that strict vegetarian patterns may be associated with lower odds of reaching 100 in very old age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chip-clonal-hematopoiesis-of-indeterminate-potential\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CHIP (Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CHIP is a condition in which a mutation in a bone marrow stem cell gives its descendants a growth advantage, so that a measurable fraction of a person&#039;s blood cells share that mutation; it becomes increasingly common with age and is associated with roughly a two-fold increase in coronary heart disease risk, likely because the mutant immune cells behave more aggressively in the artery wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CHIP is an under-recognized age-related mechanism that raises heart disease risk independently of traditional risk factors like cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cholesterin ist eine wachsartige Substanz, die Ihr K\u00f6rper braucht. Es flie\u00dft in Zellw\u00e4nde, Hormone, Vitamin D und die Galle ein, die Ihre Nahrung verdaut. Ohne es w\u00fcrden Sie sterben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The problem is not cholesterol existing. The problem is how much of it is riding around in your bloodstream inside particles that can burrow into artery walls.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#total-cholesterol\">Gesamtcholesterin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol-crystal\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterol Crystal<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>When cholesterol accumulates past what a plaque can hold in solution, it crystallizes into sharp needle-like structures.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These crystals physically damage immune cells and trip the NLRP3 alarm, producing a burst of inflammation. They can also puncture a fibrous cap from the inside.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#nlrp3\">NLRP3<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol-efflux-capacity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterin-Efflux-Kapazit\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cholesterol efflux capacity is a laboratory test of how well someone&#039;s HDL actually pulls cholesterol out of cells \u2014 a measure of function rather than quantity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It predicts risk better than the HDL number does, which supports the view that HDL quality is what matters. It remains a research test, not something you can order routinely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#abca1\">ABCA1<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesteryl-ester-transfer-protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>See CETP for the full entry.<\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol-synthesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cholesterinsynthese ist die k\u00f6rpereigene Produktion von Cholesterin, haupts\u00e4chlich in der Leber. Fast jede Zelle kann das.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is why cutting cholesterol out of your food does less than people expect \u2014 when you eat less, your body simply makes more. It is also why statins work: they slow the factory rather than blocking the food.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol\">Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#dietary-cholesterol\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol-treatment-trialists-ctt-collaboration\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterol Treatment Trialists&#039; (CTT) Collaboration<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large-scale pooled analysis of randomized trials of LDL-lowering therapies that demonstrated each approximately 1 mmol\/L reduction in LDL-C reduces major vascular events by just over one-fifth per year, with no evidence of a safe lower threshold, providing key quantitative support for treating elevated LDL-C.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives the specific numbers behind why LDL-raising from coconut oil is clinically relevant, not just a statistical abstraction.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesterol-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesterinjahre<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cholesterol-years is a cumulative-exposure metric that multiplies a person&#039;s average LDL-C level (in mg\/dL) by the number of years they have carried that level, analogous to pack-years for tobacco. The concept holds that it is the total lifetime burden of apoB-containing lipoproteins, not any single reading, that determines when and how severely atherosclerosis develops.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding cumulative exposure explains why modest LDL levels sustained for decades can be more dangerous than high levels for a short period\u2014and why early treatment matters far more than late treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cholesteryl-ester\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cholesteryl Ester<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cholesterinester sind Speicherformen des Cholesterins, bei denen eine Fetts\u00e4ure an Cholesterin gebunden ist; sie akkumulieren in gro\u00dfen Mengen in Schaumzellen und den extrazellul\u00e4ren R\u00e4umen von Plaques, und ihre Depletion \u2013 gemessen als Regression des lipidreichen Pools \u2013 ist ein prim\u00e4rer Marker f\u00fcr eine Plaqueverbesserung in Primaten-Regressionsstudien.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what actually clears during reversal (cholesteryl ester pools, not fibrous or calcified tissue) sets realistic expectations for what treatment can achieve.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"choline\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Choline<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Choline is a nutrient found in eggs, red meat, and liver. Your body genuinely needs it, especially for the brain.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Like carnitine, it can be converted by gut bacteria into TMAO. This is the biological chain that connects certain foods to a possible heart risk through the gut microbiome.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carnitine\">Carnitine<\/a><a href=\"#gut-microbiome\">Gut Microbiome<\/a><a href=\"#red-meat\">Red Meat<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chondroitin-sulfate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chondroitin Sulfate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Chondroitin sulfate is a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chain attached to arterial proteoglycans such as biglycan and versican; it binds ionically to the positively charged ApoB-100 protein on LDL particles, anchoring them in the subendothelial space and initiating the atherosclerotic process.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the molecular &#039;Velcro&#039; that traps LDL in artery walls\u2014a key reason why the arterial wall is not a passive bystander in heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chronic-kidney-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chronische Nierenerkrankung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Chronic kidney disease is a lasting reduction in the kidneys&#039; ability to filter waste from the blood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It raises cardiovascular risk independently and steeply \u2014 many people with kidney disease die of heart disease before their kidneys fail. It also alters calcium handling in blood vessels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#kidney-disease\">Nierenerkrankung<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chronic-metabolic-acidosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chronic Metabolic Acidosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A sustained reduction in blood pH caused by an excess of acid-producing foods relative to base-producing foods; high animal-protein diets have been proposed to cause this state and thereby leach calcium from bones, though modern evidence does not support this mechanism when overall mineral intake is adequate.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This claim has been used to argue that high-protein diets harm bone health\u2014knowing the evidence helps you weigh that concern.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chunking-cognitive\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chunking (Cognitive)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A psychological strategy of breaking a large, overwhelming task into smaller, manageable units to reduce perceived difficulty and sustain motivation; used in cardiac rehabilitation and endurance sport to help patients and athletes continue through prolonged discomfort.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides a practical mental framework for managing pain and effort during extended physical or medical challenges.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"chylomicron\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Chylomicron<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Chylomikron ist ein sehr gro\u00dfes Partikel, das Fett aus einer Mahlzeit aus dem Darm in den Blutkreislauf transportiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Whole chylomicrons are too big to squeeze into an artery wall, so they are not directly dangerous. But as they shrink and drop off their cargo, the leftovers \u2014 called remnants \u2014 are small enough to get in and cause trouble.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#lipoprotein\">Lipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"circumferential-wall-stress\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Circumferential Wall Stress<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Circumferential wall stress is the tensile force acting around the circumference of an artery due to internal blood pressure; it rises with higher pressure and greater arterial diameter, and repeated extreme elevations during intense exercise may contribute to structural changes in the arterial wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article identifies exercise-driven surges in this force\u2014reaching up to 250 mmHg\u2014as a potential driver of the mechanical remodeling that may facilitate atherogenesis in endurance athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"circumflex-artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Circumflex Artery<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>One of the two main branches of the left coronary artery, which curves around the back of the heart to supply the lateral and posterior left ventricular wall; the Megdal Serial Angiogram shows the Circumflex improved from mild-to-moderate narrowing (30\u201345%) in 2014 to improved patency below 20% in 2018, contributing to the evidence of diffuse, systemic regression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Improvement in the Circumflex alongside the LAD shows the healing was not confined to one artery, strengthening the case for a true systemic effect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ck-creatine-kinase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CK (Creatine Kinase)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Creatine kinase is an enzyme released from damaged muscle cells into the bloodstream; a markedly elevated blood CK level is used to confirm that muscle injury is genuine and pharmacological rather than purely symptom-based.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CK testing is the frontline blood test that helps doctors determine whether a patient&#039;s muscle pain is truly caused by a statin or by another source.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"clear-outcomes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CLEAR Outcomes<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CLEAR Outcomes was a large trial that tested bempedoic acid in people who couldn&#039;t tolerate statins, to see whether it lowered heart attack and stroke risk the way statins do.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It did \u2014 event rates fell in step with the drop in LDL and ApoB, in a population that had few other options. It&#039;s the main outcome evidence behind recommending bempedoic acid rather than just a cholesterol-lowering pill with no proof of preventing events.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#bempedoic-acid\">Bempedoins\u00e4ure<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"clinical-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Klinische Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine klinische Studie ist eine Untersuchung, bei der Forscher einer Gruppe eine Behandlung und einer anderen Gruppe ein Placebo oder eine Standardbehandlung verabreichen und dann die Ergebnisse vergleichen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When people are assigned randomly, it is the most reliable way we have to find out if something truly works. Observational studies can only watch what people already do, which leaves room for other explanations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cmah-gene\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CMAH Gene<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gene encoding the enzyme CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, which converts Neu5Ac to Neu5Gc in most mammals; humans carry an inactivating mutation in this gene and therefore cannot synthesize Neu5Gc.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding why humans are uniquely vulnerable to dietary Neu5Gc requires knowing that a single gene mutation set us apart from other mammals.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cmah%e2%81%bb-%e2%81%bb-ldlr%e2%81%bb-%e2%81%bb-mouse-model\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cmah\u207b\/\u207b Ldlr\u207b\/\u207b Mouse Model<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A genetically engineered mouse that lacks both the CMAH gene (making it unable to produce Neu5Gc, like humans) and the LDL receptor gene (making it prone to high cholesterol and atherosclerosis); used to study how dietary Neu5Gc and anti-Neu5Gc antibodies affect plaque development.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the key experimental model providing mechanistic evidence that Neu5Gc may accelerate atherosclerosis, so understanding what it is helps evaluate the strength of that evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coconut-oil\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coconut Oil<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coconut oil is a cooking fat that got marketed as a superfood despite being very high in saturated fat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Studies consistently show it raises LDL cholesterol, similar to butter. The health-food reputation came from marketing and a few misread studies, not from evidence that it protects your heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#monounsaturated-fat\">Monounsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#trans-fat\">Trans Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coefficient-of-drag-area-cda\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coefficient of Drag Area (CdA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A combined measure of a rider&#039;s aerodynamic drag, calculated as the product of the drag coefficient and the frontal surface area; a lower CdA means less air resistance and faster speeds for the same power output.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In an hour record, aerodynamic efficiency can matter as much as raw power\u2014even small reductions in CdA translate to significant distance gains.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cohort-clinical-cohort\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cohort (Clinical Cohort)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A defined group of patients followed over time under similar conditions; Esselstyn&#039;s cohort, for example, consisted of patients with advanced coronary artery disease who agreed to follow a strict plant-based diet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what a cohort is helps readers understand why results from a selected group may or may not generalise to the wider population.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cohort-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cohort Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Kohortenstudie begleitet eine gro\u00dfe Gruppe von Menschen \u00fcber einen l\u00e4ngeren Zeitraum, wobei aufgezeichnet wird, was sie essen oder tun und wie sich ihre Gesundheit Jahre sp\u00e4ter entwickelt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These studies are valuable for spotting patterns, but they cannot prove cause. People who choose a habit usually differ in other ways too, and those differences can be the real explanation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#epidemiology\">Epidemiologie<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"colchicine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Colchicine<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Colchizin ist ein altes, billiges Antiphlogistikum, das seit Jahrhunderten bei Gicht eingesetzt und nun f\u00fcr Herzerkrankungen umfunktioniert wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reduces events in people who keep having them despite well-controlled cholesterol. It is the most practical evidence so far that treating inflammation directly adds something.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#nlrp3\">NLRP3<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"colcot-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">COLCOT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>COLCOT (Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial) was a randomized trial in which low-dose colchicine, an anti-inflammatory drug, was given to patients shortly after a heart attack; it reduced the risk of a subsequent major cardiovascular event by 23% compared with placebo, establishing that targeting inflammation independently of cholesterol lowers cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the trials showing that fighting inflammation \u2014 not just lowering cholesterol \u2014 can prevent heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"collagen-cross-linking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Collagen Cross-Linking<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein biochemischer Prozess, bei dem Kollagenfasern in Arterienw\u00e4nden stabile chemische Bindungen zwischen benachbarten Molek\u00fclen eingehen, wodurch die Gewebeelastizit\u00e4t verringert und zu einer irreversiblen Arterienversteifung beigetragen wird; er wird durch Bewegungsmangel und fortschreitendes Alter beschleunigt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This process explains why the window for reversing arterial stiffness closes after roughly age 65, creating the urgency for midlife intervention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"collateral-circulation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Collateral Circulation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Collateral circulation is a network of small backup blood vessels that can grow around a blocked artery, like a detour around a closed road.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>People who develop good collaterals sometimes survive blockages that would otherwise be devastating. Long-term exercise appears to encourage them, which may be one reason very fit people can have severe disease without symptoms.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-arteries\">Koronardarterien<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"collateral-flow-index-cfi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Collateral Flow Index (CFI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Collateral flow index is an invasive measurement obtained during balloon occlusion of a coronary artery that quantifies the proportion of normal antegrade blood flow supplied by collateral vessels. It is used in research to objectively assess how well the heart&#039;s backup circulation compensates for a blockage.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides a concrete number for how much protection the &#039;backup pipes&#039; actually offer, and studies using CFI have shown both the benefits and strict limits of exercise-induced collateral growth.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"compensatory-enlargement\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Compensatory Enlargement<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Compensatory enlargement, described by Glagov, is the outward expansion of an artery&#039;s wall as plaque accumulates inside it, allowing the channel where blood flows to remain relatively open despite substantial hidden disease; on modern CT imaging, this positive remodeling is considered a high-risk plaque feature associated with lipid-rich, potentially vulnerable plaque rather than evidence of hea\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why a person can carry serious atherosclerosis yet have a nearly normal-looking angiogram \u2014 the disease hides in the wall, not the channel.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"compensatory-outward-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Compensatory Outward Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which an artery expands its outer diameter to preserve luminal blood flow as plaque accumulates within the vessel wall; luminal narrowing is typically delayed until plaque occupies roughly 40% of the internal elastic lamina area, making early disease invisible to lumen-focused imaging.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why standard imaging can report &#039;normal&#039; arteries even when substantial plaque is already present inside the vessel wall.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ldl-bad-cholesterol-apolipoprotein-b-imaging-resolution-and-the-illusion-of-normal-coronary-arteries-at-age-60\/\">Read: LDL \u201cBAD\u201d Cholesterol: Apolipoprotein B, Imaging Resolution, and the Illusion of \u201cNormal\u201d Coronary Arteries at Age 60<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"composite-endpoint\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Composite Endpoint<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein zusammengesetzter Endpunkt fasst mehrere verschiedene Endpunkte zusammen und z\u00e4hlt denjenigen, der als Erstes eintritt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Bundling makes trials smaller and faster. It can also mislead, because a headline reduction may be driven entirely by the least serious component \u2014 more procedures avoided rather than fewer deaths.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"compositional-stabilization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Compositional Stabilization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die kompositorische Stabilisierung bezeichnet eine Verschiebung der Plaquebiologie weg von einem lipidreichen, entz\u00fcndeten, rupturgef\u00e4hrdeten Zustand hin zu einem dichteren, weniger aktiven Zustand, die durch eine ApoB-Senkung oder eine entz\u00fcndungshemmende Behandlung erreicht wird; sie verringert die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass eine Plaque ein akutes Korontereignis ausl\u00f6st, ohne dabei notwendigerweise das bildgebend sichtbare Gesamt-Plaquevolumen zu verringern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reframes the goal of treatment from &#039;making plaque disappear&#039; to &#039;making plaque less dangerous.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"compound-heterozygous\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Compound Heterozygous<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Compound heterozygous describes a genetic state in which an individual inherits two different pathogenic mutations in the same gene\u2014one from each parent\u2014rather than two copies of the identical mutation; in HoFH, compound heterozygosity for two distinct LDLR mutations still abolishes or severely impairs LDL receptor function and produces the full HoFH phenotype.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most HoFH patients are compound heterozygotes rather than true homozygotes, which affects genetic testing strategies and family screening.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"computed-tomography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Computertomographie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Computertomographie, kurz CT, nimmt R\u00f6ntgtenbilder aus vielen Winkeln auf und rekonstruiert diese zu Schnittbildern des K\u00f6rpers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the technology behind both the calcium scan and CT angiography \u2014 the two tests that let doctors see coronary plaque without threading a catheter into an artery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><a href=\"#positron-emission-tomography\">Positron Emission Tomography<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"concentration-time-exposure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Concentration-Time Exposure<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Concentration-time exposure, in the context of atherosclerosis, refers to the cumulative dose of ApoB-containing particles that an artery wall has experienced over time \u2014 the product of how high the particle level is and how many years it has been elevated \u2014 rather than a single snapshot measurement.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why a person&#039;s lifetime cholesterol history matters far more than one test result, and why starting lipid lowering early has such a large long-term benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"confidence-interval\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Confidence Interval<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A confidence interval is the range of values that are statistically compatible with what a study found.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows how solid a result is. A narrow interval means a precise finding; a wide one that crosses &quot;no effect&quot; means the study could not really tell whether the treatment worked.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hazard-ratio\">Hazard Ratio<\/a><a href=\"#p-value\">P-Value<\/a><a href=\"#statistical-power\">Statistical Power<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"confirm-registry\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CONFIRM Registry<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large international multicenter registry study of patients undergoing coronary CT angiography that documented the prevalence and clinical significance of coronary artery disease \u2014 including adverse events \u2014 even among patients whose coronary artery calcium score was zero.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The CONFIRM data underpin the warning that a zero calcium score can still coexist with dangerous plaque, a finding directly relevant to people with inherited cardiac risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"confirm2-registry\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CONFIRM2-Register<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein gro\u00dfes, multinationales Register von \u00fcber 6.000 Patienten, in dem KI-quantifizierte Merkmale koronarer Plaques hinsichtlich ihrer F\u00e4higkeit zur Vorhersage schwerwiegender kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Ereignisse untersucht wurden; das Register zeigte, dass die durch KI gest\u00fctzte Plaque-Analyse die Fl\u00e4che unter der ROC-Kurve f\u00fcr die Ereignisvorhersage im Vergleich zu Standardmethoden von 0,62 auf 0,75 verbesserte.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CONFIRM2 is the primary evidence the article cites that AI-QCT measurably improves risk prediction beyond existing tools.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"confounder\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Confounder<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A confounder is a variable that is associated with both the exposure being studied (such as TMAO) and the outcome (such as heart disease), making it appear as though one causes the other when a third factor is actually responsible. The article lists renal function, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and age as major confounders that inflate the apparent cardiovascular risk of high TMAO in\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Confounding is the central methodological problem that explains why the TMAO-heart disease link looks stronger in some studies than the genetic evidence supports.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"confounding\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Confounding<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine St\u00f6rgr\u00f6\u00dfe liegt vor, wenn ein versteckter dritter Faktor zwei ansonsten unverbundene Dinge miteinander verkn\u00fcpft erscheinen l\u00e4sst.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Classic example: people who take vitamins are healthier. But they also exercise more, smoke less, and see doctors more often. The vitamin gets credit for what those other habits did. Untangling confounding is why good studies are so hard to run.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"conjugated-equine-estrogens-cee\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Conjugated Equine Estrogens (CEE)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Conjugated equine estrogens are a mixture of estrogen compounds derived from horse urine and taken as an oral pill; they were the form of estrogen used in the WHI trial, and unlike bioidentical estradiol, they undergo hepatic first-pass metabolism and raise coagulation factors.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing CEE from modern bioidentical estradiol patches is essential for interpreting the WHI results correctly.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"constrictive-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Constrictive Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine paradoxe Schrumpfung der \u00e4u\u00dferen elastischen Membran, die mit einer Plaqueregulation einhergehen kann und dazu f\u00fchrt, dass sich die Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand eher nach innen zusammenzieht als sich nach au\u00dfen auszudehnen; dies hat zur Folge, dass die Lumenquerschnittsfl\u00e4che gleich bleibt oder sogar abnimmt, obwohl das Gesamtplaquevolumen sinkt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why successful plaque-shrinking therapy does not always widen the artery or relieve symptoms, a counterintuitive finding patients and clinicians need to understand.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"convective-cooling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Convective Cooling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The removal of body heat by the movement of air or fluid across the skin; at altitude the lower air density reduces convective heat loss, raising core temperature and impairing muscle efficiency during exercise.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Reduced convective cooling at altitude or in hot environments accelerates fatigue and directly limits cardiovascular performance.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"convolutional-neural-network-cnn\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A class of deep-learning architecture designed to detect spatial patterns in image data; in AI-QCT, CNNs are trained on large coronary CT datasets with invasive validation to recognize and classify plaque components automatically.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CNNs are the computational engine that allows AI-QCT to outperform human readers in identifying high-risk plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cooper-center-longitudinal-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cooper-Center-L\u00e4ngsschnittstudie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A long-running prospective observational study based at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas that has followed a large cohort of patients over decades and contributed foundational data on the association between family history and coronary heart disease death in men.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Research from this study is part of the evidence base showing that a family history of cardiac death predicts long-term coronary risk independently of other standard risk factors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"copenhagen-baby-heart-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kopenhagener Herzstudie bei S\u00e4uglingen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large Danish cohort study that analyzed lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in over 13,000 cord blood samples with longitudinal follow-up, providing normative reference data for cholesterol trajectories from birth through the first 14\u201316 months of life.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It established that babies reach near-adult LDL-C and ApoB levels far earlier than anyone expected\u2014reframing when cardiovascular risk actually begins.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"copenhagen-general-population-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kopenhagener Allgemeinbev\u00f6lkerungsstudie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A very large Danish study that measured lipids, including Lp(a) and remnant cholesterol, in tens of thousands of people and followed their health for years.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Denmark&#039;s national health records make follow-up unusually complete. Much of what we know about remnant cholesterol and Lp(a) as independent risks comes from this dataset.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"copii-vesicles\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">COPII Vesicles<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Small membrane-bound transport carriers (typically 60\u201380 nm in diameter) that bud from the endoplasmic reticulum to ferry newly synthesized proteins to the Golgi apparatus; their limited size means large molecules such as procollagen require specialized machinery like TANGO1 to exit the ER.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding COPII size constraints explains why the MIA3\/TANGO1 pathway is indispensable for collagen secretion and plaque stability.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coq10-coenzyme-q10\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CoQ10 is a compound your cells use to help generate energy in the mitochondria. Statins reduce production of it slightly, since it shares a manufacturing pathway with cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It&#039;s the basis for a popular but poorly substantiated claim that statins cause fatigue and muscle pain by depleting CoQ10 \u2014 a theory sold hard by supplement marketers, though trials haven&#039;t shown that supplementing it actually prevents statin symptoms.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#nocebo-effect\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/a><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cordioprev\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CORDIOPREV<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CORDIOPREV verglich eine mediterrane Ern\u00e4hrung mit einer fettarmen Ern\u00e4hrung bei Menschen, die bereits an einer Koronarkrankheit litten, und begleitete sie \u00fcber sieben Jahre.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the few long, well-run dietary trials in people with established disease, and it reported fewer events on the Mediterranean pattern.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#predimed\">PREDIMED<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cordioprev-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CORDIOPREV Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CORDIOPREV is a randomized controlled trial that compared a Mediterranean diet to a modestly low-fat diet (approximately 28\u201330% of calories from fat) in patients with established coronary artery disease; it confirmed Mediterranean dietary superiority over that comparator but did not test the ultra-low-fat (<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the main secondary RCT for the Mediterranean diet in patients with existing heart disease, and its limitations in scope are relevant to understanding what the evidence does and does not show.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-arteries\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronardarterien<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Koronararterien sind die kleinen Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe, die sich um die Au\u00dfenseite Ihres Herzens legen und den Herzmuskel selbst mit Blut versorgen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are surprisingly small \u2014 roughly the width of a coffee stirrer. When one gets blocked, the muscle it feeds starts to die within minutes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#collateral-circulation\">Collateral Circulation<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-disease\">Koronare Herzkrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-bypass-grafting-cabg\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronare Arterien-Bypass-Operation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CABG ist eine Operation am offenen Herzen, bei der ein Chirurg ein an einer anderen Stelle des K\u00f6rpers entnommenes Blutgef\u00e4\u00df \u2013 typischerweise eine Beinvene oder eine Brustwandarterie \u2013 verwendet, um einen neuen Weg f\u00fcr den Blutfluss um eine verengte Herzkranzarterie herum zu schaffen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding CABG helps patients grasp why surgery is sometimes recommended over stenting, particularly when multiple arteries are severely diseased.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-calcium-cac\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Koronare Arterienverkalkung ist ein Ma\u00df f\u00fcr verkalkte Plaqueablagerungen in den W\u00e4nden der Herzkranzgef\u00e4\u00dfe, quantifiziert durch ein CT und ausgedr\u00fcckt als Agatston-Score; h\u00f6here Werte weisen auf eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere kumulative Plaque-Last hin und sagen zuk\u00fcnftige kardiovaskul\u00e4re Ereignisse voraus.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Studies discussed in the article use CAC as the primary marker showing that lifelong endurance athletes can have paradoxically high plaque burden.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-calcium-cac-scoring\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Scoring<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A non-contrast, ECG-gated CT scan that detects and quantifies calcified plaque in the coronary arteries; the resulting Agatston score reflects the extent of coronary calcification and serves as a direct, disease-based measure of atherosclerotic burden rather than a statistical estimate of risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what the score actually measures\u2014and what it can miss\u2014is essential for interpreting your own results or those of a fit, seemingly healthy patient.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-calcium-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A coronary artery calcium score, or CAC score, comes from a quick CT scan that measures how much hardened plaque is in your heart&#039;s arteries. No dye, no needles, about ten minutes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A score of zero is genuinely reassuring for most middle-aged people. A high score means real disease is present, even if you feel perfectly fine. It is one of the few tests that can show you your disease instead of just estimating your odds.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcified-plaque\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#zero-calcium-score\">Kalkscore von null<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronare Herzkrankheit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Koronare Herzkrankheit ist eine Plaque-Ansammlung in den Arterien, die den Herzmuskel versorgen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most common form of heart disease and the usual cause of heart attacks. It builds silently for decades, which is why the first symptom for many people is also a serious event.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-arteries\">Koronardarterien<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-ectasia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Artery Ectasia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An abnormal, pathological dilation of a coronary artery segment beyond 1.5 times the diameter of an adjacent normal segment; the article explicitly rules it out as an explanation for the observed vessel widening in the Megdal angiograms, confirming the enlargement reflects true regression rather than disease-related over-expansion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing healthy regression from ectasia ensures the &#039;wider pipe&#039; seen in the 2018 images is good news, not a different problem.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-artery-stenosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Artery Stenosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Narrowing of a coronary artery lumen, typically caused by atherosclerotic plaque, which reduces blood flow to the heart muscle; measured as a percentage of the original vessel diameter.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Stenosis is the structural abnormality that lifestyle trials aim to reduce, so knowing the term helps readers interpret claims about &#039;reversal.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-atherosclerosis-regression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Atherosclerosis Regression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measurable reduction in the size or severity of atherosclerotic plaque within the coronary arteries, confirmed by imaging; the Ornish Lifestyle Heart Trial demonstrated regression after one year on a low-fat plant-based diet, with further improvement at five years.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Regression\u2014rather than mere slowing of progression\u2014is the gold standard outcome that distinguishes the most effective cardiovascular interventions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-care-unit-ccu\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Care Unit (CCU)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A coronary care unit is a specialised hospital ward where heart-attack patients are continuously monitored for dangerous heart rhythms and can be defibrillated immediately if one occurs. Introduced in the early 1960s, it was the single biggest step forward in acute heart-attack survival before modern drugs arrived.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The CCU demonstrated that continuous monitoring and rapid defibrillation \u2014 not drugs or surgery \u2014 drove the first major improvement in surviving a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-ct-angiography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coronary CT angiography, or CCTA, is a CT scan done with dye in your veins that produces detailed pictures of your heart&#039;s arteries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Unlike a calcium scan, it can see soft plaque as well as hard plaque, and unlike an invasive angiogram it requires no catheter. It shows both how narrow an artery is and what the plaque is made of.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-flow-reserve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Flow Reserve<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coronary flow reserve compares blood flow through the heart&#039;s arteries at rest with flow when the heart is working hard.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A poor result with clear large arteries points to trouble in the tiny vessels instead \u2014 a real and often missed cause of chest pain, especially in women.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angina\">Angina<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#microvascular-dysfunction\">Mikrovaskul\u00e4re Dysfunktion<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-heart-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Heart Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die koronare Herzkrankheit ist die Verengung oder Verstopfung der Arterien, die den Herzmuskel mit Blut versorgen, verursacht durch die Anlagerung von atherosklerotischer Plaque; sie ist weltweit die h\u00e4ufigste Ursache f\u00fcr Herzinfarkt und Herztod.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the underlying condition the entire article is about, and knowing its formal name helps readers follow medical sources and statistics.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-imaging\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Imaging<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Nicht-invasive oder invasive Verfahren wie die quantitative Koronarangiographie oder der Intravaskul\u00e4re Ultraschall, die zur Visualisierung der Gr\u00f6\u00dfe und Beschaffenheit von Plaques in den Koronararterien eingesetzt werden; die Arbeiten von Ornish und Esselstyn sind bemerkenswert, weil sie eine objektive Koronarbildgebung nutzen, anstatt sich ausschlie\u00dflich auf Symptom- oder Ereignisdaten zu verlassen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Regression of atherosclerosis demonstrated by imaging carries more direct mechanistic weight than event counts alone, which is why the article emphasises it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-microvascular-dysfunction-cmd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coronary microvascular dysfunction is impaired function of the tiny arterioles and capillaries supplying the heart muscle, resulting in reduced blood flow and exercise intolerance even when the major coronary arteries appear normal on angiography.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CMD can cause symptoms and limit performance in older athletes whose large-artery tests come back clean, making it an easy-to-miss contributor to exercise intolerance.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-thrombosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Thrombosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Koronthrombose ist die Bildung eines Blutgerinnsels in einer Herzkranzarterie, wodurch der Blutfluss zum Herzmuskel blockiert wird \u2013 das zugrundeliegende Ereignis bei den meisten Herzinfarkten. Sie wurde 1912 erstmals als erkennbares klinisches Syndrom bei einem lebenden Patienten beschrieben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that a clot, not just a diseased artery, triggers the acute event explains why clot-dissolving drugs and antiplatelet therapies became central to heart-attack treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"coronary-vasospasm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Coronary Vasospasm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine pl\u00f6tzliche, intensive, vor\u00fcbergehende Verengung einer epikardialen Koronararterie, die schwerwiegend genug ist, um den Blutfluss zu stoppen und eine Myokardisch\u00e4mie oder einen Myokardinfarkt zu verursachen, die sich typischerweise vor der Durchf\u00fchrung einer Angiographie zur\u00fcckbildet und ein scheinbar normal aussehendes Gef\u00e4\u00df hinterl\u00e4sst.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Vasospasm is one of the key &#039;invisible&#039; causes of MINOCA\u2014it causes real heart damage yet leaves no lasting obstruction for standard tests to detect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cortisol-awakening-response\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cortisol Awakening Response<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is the sharp rise in cortisol that normally occurs in the 30\u201345 minutes after waking, and is used as a measure of how well the HPA axis is functioning. The article notes that in Whitehall II the CAR did not predict cardiovascular mortality, whereas a flatter diurnal cortisol slope did.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what cortisol patterns actually matter \u2014 and which ones don&#039;t \u2014 helps you evaluate claims about stress hormones and heart risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"courage-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">COURAGE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation trial randomized 2,287 patients with stable coronary artery disease to PCI plus optimal medical therapy or medical therapy alone, finding no significant difference in death or heart attack rates over up to 15 years of follow-up.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the landmark study showing that stents do not help most stable heart disease patients live longer than medication and lifestyle changes alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"covid-19-sars-cov-2-infection-and-exercise-capacity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Infection) and Exercise Capacity<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>COVID-19 infection is associated with transient reductions in cardiopulmonary fitness, VO\u2082 max, and muscular endurance; even after acute illness resolves, residual fatigue and reduced aerobic capacity can persist for weeks and pose risks if high-intensity exercise is resumed prematurely.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Returning to strenuous exercise after COVID-19 carries specific cardiovascular risks, including myocarditis, that are important for heart health readers to understand.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cox-1-cyclooxygenase-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase-1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>COX-1 is an enzyme found in platelets that produces thromboxane A\u2082, a chemical that promotes platelet clumping and blood vessel narrowing; aspirin permanently blocks COX-1 by chemically modifying a specific site (Ser-530) in the enzyme, which is the molecular basis of aspirin&#039;s antiplatelet effect.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what COX-1 does clarifies exactly how aspirin prevents clots\u2014and why its inhibition carries both benefit and bleeding risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cramping-exercise-associated-muscle-cramp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cramping (Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramp)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An involuntary, painful muscle contraction that can occur during prolonged maximal exercise, often associated with fatigue and electrolyte shifts; in the article, Megdal begins cramping in the final minutes of his hour-long maximal effort.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Muscle cramping near peak exertion is a signal of physiological stress relevant to anyone pushing cardiovascular limits during exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-the-dedham-times-article\/\">Read: Peter Megdal interviewed in Dedham Times<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"creatine-kinase-ck\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Creatine Kinase (CK)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An enzyme released into the bloodstream when muscle cells are damaged; elevated CK levels are used as a biomarker of skeletal muscle injury, and statin use\u2014especially around intense exercise\u2014can raise CK beyond the elevation caused by training alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The key lab marker used to distinguish statin-related muscle damage from normal exercise-induced soreness in athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"credence-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CREDENCE-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine prospektive Studie an 513 Patienten, die eine KI-gest\u00fctzte CCTA-Analyse mit invasiver quantitativer Koronarangiographie und fraktioneller Flussreserve verglich; sie zeigte eine hohe \u00dcbereinstimmung und unterst\u00fctzt AI-QCT als einen lebensf\u00e4higen nicht-invasiven Ersatz f\u00fcr die katheterbasierte Isch\u00e4miediagnostik.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CREDENCE directly validates that an AI scan can replace expensive, invasive procedures for judging whether a blockage is flow-limiting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"crispr-base-editing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CRISPR-Baseneditor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A precision gene-editing technique that chemically converts a single DNA base (letter) in the genome to another without cutting the double strand, enabling permanent and targeted changes to a gene&#039;s function; in cardiovascular research it has been used in primates to permanently silence the PCSK9 gene in liver cells, producing lasting LDL reductions from a single treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Base editing is the mechanism behind the &#039;one-and-done&#039; gene therapy approach that could eventually eliminate the need for any ongoing cholesterol medication.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"criterium\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Criterium<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A mass-start bicycle road race contested on a short, closed circuit\u2014typically a city block or similar loop\u2014requiring repeated tight cornering and making crash risk substantially higher than open-road events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the format explains why finishing safely in a criterium is itself an achievement, separate from placing well.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-gets-second-at-national-championships\/\">Read: Peter Megdal gets second at National Championships<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"critical-thinking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Critical Thinking<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In the context of health literacy, the disciplined habit of questioning the source, funding, and methodology behind medical claims before accepting them as fact.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Without it, patients are vulnerable to conflicting headlines and commercially motivated health advice.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-on-the-lynchpin-podcast\/\">Read: Peter Megdal on The Lynchpin Podcast<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cross-sectional-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cross-Sectional Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A cross-sectional study takes a single snapshot of a population at one moment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It can show that two things occur together but never which came first. Studies of this kind are frequently reported as if they showed cause, and they cannot.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><a href=\"#prospective-cohort\">Prospective Cohort<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ct-angiogram-coronary-cta\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CT Angiogram (Coronary CTA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A non-invasive imaging test that uses computed tomography with intravenous contrast to produce detailed three-dimensional pictures of the coronary arteries, revealing both calcified and non-calcified (soft) plaque as well as luminal narrowing; it offers more information than a calcium score alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article specifically recommends CT angiography over a calcium score because it detects soft plaque that a calcium scan would miss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ct-coronary-angiography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CT-Koronarangiographie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CT coronary angiography (also called coronary CT angiography or CCTA) is a non-invasive imaging test that uses a CT scanner and injected contrast dye to produce detailed images of the coronary arteries, revealing both calcified and non-calcified (soft) plaques as well as the degree of any narrowing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Unlike a calcium scan, it shows the type and texture of plaque, helping identify unstable lesions that pose the greatest rupture risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ct-ffr-ct-derived-fractional-flow-reserve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CT-FFR (CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CT-FFR is a non-invasive technique that applies computational fluid dynamics to coronary CT angiography data to estimate the functional significance of a coronary stenosis without an invasive catheter. It helps determine whether an anatomical narrowing seen on imaging is actually restricting blood flow enough to cause ischemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For athletes with high calcium scores or detected plaques, CT-FFR can clarify whether a narrowing is truly dangerous during peak-effort exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ctt-collaboration\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CTT-Zusammenarbeit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Cholesterol Treatment Trialists&#039; Collaboration pools the raw data from every major statin trial rather than just comparing published summaries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>With hundreds of thousands of patients, it produced the central finding of modern lipid care: each unit of LDL reduction buys a roughly proportional reduction in events, no matter how you achieve it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#meta-analysis\">Meta-Analysis<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"culprit-lesion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Culprit Lesion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der spezifische Ort in einer Koronararterie, der als Ursprung des akuten isch\u00e4mischen Ereignisses identifiziert wurde, was bei MINOCA eine Plaqueruptur, -erosion, einen Thrombus oder eine Dissektion darstellen kann, die mittels intrakoronarer Bildgebung nachweisbar ist, selbst wenn die Angiographie unauff\u00e4llig erscheint.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Identifying the culprit lesion is crucial for directing the correct treatment in MINOCA rather than applying a one-size-fits-all approach.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cumulative-exposure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kumulative Exposition<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Kumulative Exposition ist die Gesamtmenge an sch\u00e4dlichen Cholesterinpartikeln, denen Ihre Arterien im Laufe Ihres gesamten Lebens ausgesetzt waren \u2013 wie hoch, multipliziert mit der Dauer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the single most important idea on this site. Someone with a moderately high level since age 20 can end up with more damage than someone with a very high level starting at 55. Plaque adds up. Starting earlier matters more than starting harder.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cure-versus-reversal\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cure Versus Reversal<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Curing a disease means stopping the process that causes it. Reversing means undoing damage that has already been done. They are not the same thing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>With heart disease you can stop the process almost completely by driving particle levels low enough. Undoing the existing plaque is slower and only partial. Being clear about which one is being promised matters a great deal when reading health claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cynomolgus-macaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cynomolgus Macaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Javaneraffen (Macaca fascicularis) sind Altweltaffen, die \u00e4u\u00dferst empfindlich auf Nahrungscholesterin reagieren und rasch fortgeschrittene, an Kollagen, Elastin und Verkalkungen reiche Koronarl\u00e4sionen entwickeln; sie wurden auch verwendet, um zu untersuchen, wie psychosozialer Stress und soziale Hierarchie die koronare Atherosklerose durch Aktivierung des sympathischen Nervensystems und erh\u00f6hten Cortisolspiegel beschleunigen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They illustrate that stress hormones, not just diet, can drive plaque development\u2014relevant to anyone asking whether psychological stress affects heart risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cyp7a1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">CYP7A1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase) is the rate-limiting liver enzyme that initiates the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, representing the primary route by which the body eliminates cholesterol. Because the sterol ring cannot be broken down for energy, this hepatic conversion to bile acids is the main disposal mechanism.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Drugs and dietary factors that upregulate CYP7A1 activity can lower circulating cholesterol by increasing its conversion to bile acids for excretion.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"cystathionine-%ce%b2-synthase-cbs\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Cystathionine \u03b2-Synthase (CBS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of transsulfuration, converting homocysteine to cystathionine with vitamin B-6 as a cofactor; inherited loss-of-function mutations in the CBS gene are the most common cause of classical homocystinuria and severe hyperhomocysteinemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>CBS deficiency is the clearest proof that extremely high homocysteine damages arteries, making it central to understanding why the mild-range evidence looks so different.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-d\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">D<\/h2><article id=\"dal-outcomes-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">dal-OUTCOMES Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized trial of dalcetrapib, a CETP inhibitor that raised HDL-cholesterol, which found no reduction in cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndrome, contributing to evidence that pharmacologically increasing HDL-C does not reliably translate into clinical benefit.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>One of several trials showing that HDL elevation alone does not cancel out cardiovascular risk\u2014directly undermining a key defense of coconut oil.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dallas-bed-rest-and-training-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dallas-Studie zu Bettruhe und Training<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A landmark longitudinal study that measured cardiovascular changes in healthy young men after prolonged bed rest and then after exercise training; its 30-year follow-up showed that just 20 days of bed rest impaired cardiovascular capacity more than three decades of normal aging in the same individuals.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the foundational evidence that much of what we call heart aging is actually reversible deconditioning, not inevitable decline.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dash-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DASH Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die DASH-Di\u00e4t (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) ist ein Ern\u00e4hrungsmuster, das Obst, Gem\u00fcse, Vollkornprodukte, fettarme Milchprodukte sowie einen reduzierten Natrium- und ges\u00e4ttigten Fettgehalt betont. Sie wurde urspr\u00fcnglich in randomisierten Studien auf ihre blutdrucksenkende Wirkung hin entwickelt und getestet und in der Folge auf breitere kardiovaskul\u00e4re Vorteile hin untersucht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the major named dietary patterns compared in evidence reviews of heart disease prevention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"de-novo-lipogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">De Novo Lipogenesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>De novo lipogenesis is your liver manufacturing fat from scratch, mostly out of excess carbohydrate.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is how a very high sugar or refined starch intake ends up raising triglycerides and depositing fat in the liver, even when you are not eating much fat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#added-sugar\">Zuckerzusatz<\/a><a href=\"#carbohydrate\">Kohlenhydrat<\/a><a href=\"#fatty-liver\">Fatty Liver<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"de-novo-synthesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">De-novo-Synthese<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>De novo synthesis refers to the construction of a molecule\u2014here cholesterol\u2014entirely from scratch within the cell, starting from small precursors such as acetyl-CoA, rather than acquiring it from the bloodstream or diet. The roughly 30-step pathway is so energetically costly that cells strongly prefer to take up circulating LDL when it is available.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding whether a patient overproduces cholesterol or over-absorbs it determines which treatment\u2014a statin or ezetimibe\u2014is likely to work best.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"deep-neural-network-dnn\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Deep Neural Network (DNN)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A type of machine-learning model with many layers of interconnected processing nodes that learns complex, non-linear patterns from large datasets; in cardiac imaging it is trained to detect and quantify plaque features on CT scans.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DNN-based analysis underlies the high diagnostic AUC figures quoted in the article and is the technical engine behind AI-assisted coronary plaque reading.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dependency-threshold\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dependency Threshold<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The dependency threshold is an informal term for the VO\u2082 max level\u2014roughly 18\u201320 mL\u00b7kg\u207b\u00b9\u00b7min\u207b\u00b9\u2014below which a person lacks sufficient cardiorespiratory reserve to perform basic activities of daily living independently.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing this threshold illustrates the direct link between measurable fitness and functional independence in old age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"descending-inhibitory-pathways\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Descending Inhibitory Pathways<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Descending inhibitory pathways are neural circuits that originate in the brainstem and travel down the spinal cord to suppress pain signal transmission before it reaches conscious awareness. They are a key component of exercise-induced hypoalgesia and are strengthened by chronic endurance training.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They form part of the biological mechanism that elevates an athlete&#039;s pain threshold, potentially silencing the cardiac pain that should prompt urgent medical attention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dha-docosahexaenoic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A long-chain omega-3 fatty acid with six double bonds that increases membrane fluidity and disorder; unlike EPA, it does not appear to inhibit oxidation of ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles and was not associated with cardiovascular event reduction in mixed EPA\/DHA trials.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing DHA from EPA helps explain why combination omega-3 supplements failed where purified EPA succeeded.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diabetes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diabetes<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Diabetes ist eine Erkrankung, bei der der Blutzucker zu hoch bleibt, entweder weil der K\u00f6rper zu wenig Insulin produziert oder weil er auf das produzierte Insulin nicht mehr reagiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It roughly doubles heart disease risk. Part of that is the sugar damaging blood vessels, and part is that diabetes usually comes bundled with high triglycerides and a high particle count that a standard cholesterol test can miss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob-discordance\">ApoB Discordance<\/a><a href=\"#hemoglobin-a1c\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diabetic-retinopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diabetische Retinopathie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Diabetic retinopathy is damage to the small blood vessels in the retina caused by chronically elevated blood sugar; research has shown that ApoB particles can leak through the damaged blood-retinal barrier and deposit as &#039;hard exudates,&#039; analogous to arterial plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It highlights that controlling ApoB particle burden matters for preserving vision, not just preventing heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diameter-stenosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diameter Stenosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Diameter stenosis is an angiographic measure of how much a coronary artery&#039;s lumen has been narrowed by plaque, expressed as a percentage of the vessel&#039;s original diameter; it is used in clinical trials as an objective marker of plaque progression or regression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key measurement used to confirm whether a dietary intervention actually shrinks arterial plaque rather than just improving blood markers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diastolic-blood-pressure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diastolic Blood Pressure<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der diastolische Blutdruck ist die untere Zahl bei einer Blutdruckmessung. Er ist der Druck in Ihren Arterien, w\u00e4hrend sich das Herz zwischen den Schl\u00e4gen entspannt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In younger adults it is often the more meaningful of the two numbers. In older adults, the top number usually matters more because arteries have stiffened.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#j-curve\">J-Curve<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dietary-cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Dietary cholesterol is the cholesterol in food \u2014 eggs, shrimp, liver, and other animal products.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For most people it has a surprisingly small effect on blood cholesterol, because the body compensates by making less. Saturated fat in food generally raises blood cholesterol more than cholesterol in food does. This is why egg advice kept flip-flopping for decades.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#total-cholesterol\">Gesamtcholesterin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diffuse-disease-reversal\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diffuse Disease Reversal<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pattern of atherosclerosis regression in which luminal widening occurs broadly across an entire arterial segment rather than only at a single focal stenosis; the Megdal study documents this via Average Lumen Diameter improvement between the standardized red tick marks on both the LAD and Circumflex, ruling out focal mechanical intervention as the cause.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Diffuse reversal proves the whole artery wall is healing, not just one spot that might have been stented.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"disco-ct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DISCO-CT<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>DISCO-CT war eine randomisierte Bildgebungsstudie, die eine DASH-zentrierte Ern\u00e4hrung und ein Lebensstilprogramm zur optimalen medizinischen Therapie hinzuf\u00fcgte und die Koronarplaque mittels CT ma\u00df; sie ergab keinen Unterschied in der Gesamtplaquebelastung zwischen den Gruppen, aber eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere Reduktion einer breit definierten, nicht verkalkten Plaquekomponente in der Ern\u00e4hrungsgruppe.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the few controlled trials to look at whether diet changes actual plaque on a CT scan, and its mixed results illustrate how hard that question is to answer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"discordance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diskordanz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>See ApoB Discordance for the full entry.<\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"disease-reversal-cardiovascular\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Disease Reversal (Cardiovascular)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A process in which measurable markers of cardiovascular disease\u2014such as arterial plaque burden or coronary stenosis\u2014improve significantly in response to intensive lifestyle modification, nutrition, and\/or medical therapy, to the point where the disease no longer produces symptoms or detectable progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing reversal from mere stabilization is important for patients setting realistic goals for lifestyle and medical intervention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-new-world-record\/\">Read: Peter Megdal sets new World Record<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"diurnal-cortisol-slope\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Diurnal Cortisol Slope<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The diurnal cortisol slope is the rate at which cortisol falls from its morning peak to its evening low over the course of a day. A flatter slope \u2014 meaning cortisol stays too high into the evening \u2014 has been associated in some studies with worse cardiovascular outcomes, including cardiovascular mortality in the Whitehall II cohort.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shifts the conversation from &#039;is my cortisol high?&#039; to &#039;is my cortisol rhythm healthy?&#039; \u2014 a more meaningful question for heart health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dmb-33-dimethyl-1-butanol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DMB (3,3-Dimethyl-1-Butanol)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>DMB (3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol) is a naturally occurring compound found in some olive oils that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the microbial TMA lyase enzyme (CutC\/D), reducing TMA and TMAO production without killing gut bacteria and thereby avoiding the risk of antibiotic resistance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DMB represents a new class of targeted, non-antibiotic interventions that could lower cardiovascular risk by modulating the microbiome.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dnamfitage\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DNAmFitAge<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An epigenetic biological-age model that integrates DNA methylation patterns with measures of cardiorespiratory fitness to estimate how physiologically &#039;young&#039; an individual is relative to their chronological age.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It offers a way to quantify the anti-aging effect of high fitness levels beyond simple performance metrics.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dock4-dedicator-of-cytokinesis-4\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DOCK4 (Dedicator of Cytokinesis 4)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is recruited to the cytoplasmic domain of SR-B1 following LDL binding, and activates the small GTPase Rac1 to trigger actin cytoskeleton remodeling required for endothelial transcytosis of LDL particles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DOCK4 is a key link in the molecular chain that moves LDL from the bloodstream into the artery wall\u2014blocking any step in this chain could reduce plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"donanemab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Donanemab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Donanemab is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody that targets a modified form of amyloid-beta and, like lecanemab, has been shown to remove plaques and modestly slow Alzheimer&#039;s progression in clinical trials, with similar risks of brain swelling and bleeding.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Alongside lecanemab, it confirms amyloid removal is achievable but not curative, reinforcing the case that other upstream causes \u2014 including vascular disease \u2014 must be addressed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dops-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DOPS Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study (DOPS) was a randomized trial in which women who had just started menopause took oral hormone therapy for ten years; at follow-up, the hormone group had roughly half the rate of major cardiovascular events or death compared with the placebo group, providing one of the strongest hard-outcome signals for early hormone initiation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DOPS is one of the few randomized trials reporting actual heart attacks and deaths as endpoints, not just surrogate measures.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dose-response\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung bedeutet, dass eine gr\u00f6\u00dfere Menge von etwas in einem konsistenten Gradienten eine st\u00e4rkere Wirkung hervorruft.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the classic signs that a relationship is causal rather than coincidental. LDL and heart disease show it clearly: the higher and the longer, the more plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dose-response-relationship\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dose-Response Relationship<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung beschreibt, wie sich das Ausma\u00df einer biologischen Wirkung ver\u00e4ndert, wenn die H\u00f6he einer Exposition (wie w\u00f6chentliche Trainingsminuten) zunimmt; in diesem Artikel zeigt Krafttraining eine nicht-lineare Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung in Bezug auf die Mortalit\u00e4t, wobei sich der Nutzen bei etwa 120 Minuten pro Woche einpendelt und bei sehr hohen Volumina bei \u00e4lteren Frauen eine J-f\u00f6rmige Kurve entsteht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that &#039;more is not always better&#039; is one of the article&#039;s central practical messages.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dpp-4-inhibitor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">DPP-4 Inhibitor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A DPP-4 inhibitor is an oral medication that blocks the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which normally degrades the body&#039;s own GLP-1; by slowing GLP-1 breakdown, these pills raise endogenous GLP-1 levels by only two- to threefold \u2014 far less than injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists \u2014 and large trials such as SAVOR-TIMI 53 found they do not reduce cardiovascular events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses DPP-4 inhibitors to explain why the dose and potency of GLP-1 activation matters for heart protection, not just the drug class.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"drug-doping-test-anti-doping-control\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Drug Doping Test (Anti-Doping Control)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A urine or blood sample collected by officials after a competition to screen for prohibited performance-enhancing substances under the rules of the governing body; athletes setting national or world records are routinely tested to validate the result.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Anti-doping testing ensures that record performances reflect genuine cardiovascular and physiological capacity rather than pharmacological enhancement.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"drug-eluting-stent-des\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Drug-Eluting Stent (DES)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A drug-eluting stent is a small metal mesh tube coated with a medication that is inserted into a narrowed coronary artery to hold it open; the drug coating slowly releases an agent that inhibits scar tissue growth inside the stent, reducing the risk of the vessel re-narrowing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DES are the modern stents used in the trials discussed here; understanding their design helps explain why they were expected to outperform earlier bare-metal stents in preventing re-blockage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dual-antiplatelet-therapy-dapt\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The combined use of two platelet-inhibiting drugs\u2014typically aspirin and clopidogrel\u2014prescribed after stent implantation to prevent clot formation inside the stent, usually continued for approximately six months after a drug-eluting stent procedure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>DAPT is essential after stenting but carries its own risk of serious bleeding, illustrating the ongoing trade-offs patients and physicians must weigh.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dual-gip-glp-1-receptor-agonist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dual GIP\/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A dual GIP\/GLP-1 receptor agonist is a drug \u2014 tirzepatide being the leading example \u2014 that simultaneously activates receptors for both glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, two incretin hormones, producing greater weight loss, lipid improvement, and metabolic benefit than GLP-1 receptor agonism alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that tirzepatide targets two receptors explains why its weight-loss and metabolic effects often exceed those of older GLP-1 drugs.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"dyslipidemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Dyslipid\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Dyslipidemia is the medical word for an unhealthy pattern of fats in the blood. It can mean high LDL, high triglycerides, low HDL, or some combination.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The word describes a pattern rather than one number, which is why treatment depends on which part is off and why.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-e\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">E<\/h2><article id=\"early-trial-termination\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Early Trial Termination<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Early trial termination occurs when a clinical study is stopped before its planned endpoint, often because interim data appear strongly favorable; this practice tends to inflate the apparent magnitude of treatment effects and reduce the reliability of the findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PREDIMED was stopped early, which is one reason the article argues its reported 30% risk reduction should be interpreted with caution.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ebbinghaus-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">EBBINGHAUS Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A prospective neurocognitive substudy of the FOURIER trial that used objective cognitive testing in nearly 2,000 patients to assess whether evolocumab-driven LDL lowering affected memory or cognition, finding no meaningful difference versus placebo over a median follow-up of 19 months.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most direct clinical trial evidence on whether very low LDL harms brain function.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"eccentric-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Eccentric Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eccentric remodeling is the adaptive enlargement and strengthening of the heart&#039;s ventricular walls that occurs in response to sustained aerobic exercise, resulting in a larger stroke volume and greater cardiac output; it is distinct from the pathological enlargement seen in heart disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This healthy structural change is a key reason fit people have greater cardiac reserve and lower mortality risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ecg-gated-ct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ECG-Gated CT<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CT imaging technique that synchronizes image acquisition to the electrical signal of the heart recorded by an electrocardiogram, minimizing motion blur so that coronary structures can be measured accurately; it is the standard method for CAC scoring.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ECG gating is what allows the scanner to capture sharp images of constantly moving coronary arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"echocardiogram\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Echocardiogram<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An echocardiogram is an ultrasound picture of your heart. A technician moves a probe across your chest and sound waves build a moving image of the chambers and valves.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows how well the heart is pumping and whether the valves are working. It does not show plaque in the coronary arteries, so a normal echo does not mean your arteries are clear.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ejection-fraction\">Ejection Fraction<\/a><a href=\"#heart-failure\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/a><a href=\"#stress-test\">Stress Test<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ectopic-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ektopisches Fett<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ectopic fat refers to lipid deposits that accumulate in organs not designed for fat storage \u2014 including the liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and myocardium \u2014 causing local lipotoxicity and impairing organ function when subcutaneous storage capacity is overwhelmed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Fat in the liver or heart muscle is directly harmful to those organs in ways that fat under the skin is not.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"effective-arterial-elastance-ea\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Effective Arterial Elastance (Ea)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measure of the total afterload\u2014the resistance and pressure load\u2014that the left ventricle must overcome to eject blood into the aorta; as central arteries stiffen with age or inactivity, Ea rises, forcing the heart to work harder with each beat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Rising afterload from stiff arteries is a key pathway to heart failure, so understanding Ea explains why arterial stiffness matters beyond just blood pressure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"effective-refractory-period-erp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Effective Refractory Period (ERP)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The minimum time interval after an electrical impulse during which cardiac tissue cannot be re-stimulated; alcohol acutely shortens the atrial ERP, particularly in the pulmonary veins, making the heart more susceptible to the re-entrant electrical circuits that underlie atrial fibrillation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Shortening of this period is a key electrical mechanism by which even modest alcohol exposure raises arrhythmia risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"efferocytosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Efferocytosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Efferocytosis is the housekeeping process by which immune cells clear away other cells that have died.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Inside a plaque this cleanup fails. Dead foam cells pile up instead of being removed, and that debris becomes the necrotic core. Restoring the cleanup is an active area of drug research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"egf-a-domain-of-the-ldl-receptor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">EGF-A Domain (of the LDL Receptor)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The epidermal growth factor-like repeat A domain of the LDL receptor to which PCSK9 binds; this binding targets the receptor for lysosomal degradation rather than recycling, and is the molecular site interrupted by PCSK9 inhibitor drugs.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the precise binding site clarifies how both monoclonal antibodies and CRISPR-based therapies disrupt PCSK9&#039;s action.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"egfr-estimated-glomerular-filtration-rate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>eGFR is a calculated measure of how efficiently the kidneys filter waste from the blood; because TMAO is cleared almost entirely by the kidneys, a falling eGFR causes TMAO to accumulate in the bloodstream independent of diet or gut bacteria. The article identifies reduced eGFR as the single largest confounder in studies linking high TMAO to cardiovascular events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Without accounting for kidney function, studies can wrongly conclude that TMAO itself causes heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ejection-fraction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ejection Fraction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ejection fraction is the percentage of blood the main pumping chamber squeezes out with each beat. A normal value is somewhere around 55 to 70 percent.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A low number means the heart is not pumping strongly, often after a heart attack or from long-standing high blood pressure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#echocardiogram\">Echocardiogram<\/a><a href=\"#heart-failure\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"elastin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Elastin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Elastin ist ein Strukturprotein in der Arterienwand, das es den Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfen erm\u00f6glicht, sich bei jedem Herzschlag zu dehnen und wieder zusammenzuziehen; mit zunehmendem Alter baut es sich ab und wird durch steiferes Kollagen ersetzt, was zur Arterienversteifung und einem Anstieg des systolischen Blutdrucks beitr\u00e4gt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding elastin explains why arteries naturally stiffen with age and why blood pressure patterns change after 60.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"electrocardiogram\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Electrocardiogram<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An electrocardiogram \u2014 ECG or EKG \u2014 records your heart&#039;s electrical activity through stickers placed on your skin. It takes about a minute and is painless.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It can reveal rhythm problems, signs of a current or past heart attack, and some inherited electrical conditions that put young athletes at risk. It is a normal-looking test in many people who still have significant plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><a href=\"#troponin\">Troponin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"electrophysiologist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Electrophysiologist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Elektrophysiologe, der sich auf das Reizleistungs- und elektrische System des Herzens spezialisiert hat, Arrhythmien diagnostiziert und behandelt, Katheterablationen durchf\u00fchrt und Vorhofflimmern bei Sportlern behandelt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article repeatedly directs athletes to seek individualized care from an electrophysiologist.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"elite-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ELITE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The ELITE trial (Early versus Late Intervention Trial with Estradiol) was a randomized trial of 643 women that tested whether starting oral estradiol early (fewer than six years after menopause) versus late (ten or more years after) produced different effects on carotid artery wall thickening; it found slower CIMT progression only in the early-initiation group, providing surrogate-level support f\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ELITE is the most direct randomized evidence for why starting hormones near menopause may matter for vascular health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"emergency-action-plan\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Emergency Action Plan<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An emergency action plan is a written, practiced plan for what happens if someone collapses at a school, gym, or sporting event: who calls 911, who starts CPR, and who runs for the defibrillator.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Places with a rehearsed plan save dramatically more lives than places that simply own a defibrillator. Having the equipment is not the same as knowing what to do with it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#automated-external-defibrillator\">Automated External Defibrillator<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-arrest\">Cardiac Arrest<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endocannabinoid-system\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endocannabinoid System<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The endocannabinoid system is a network of endogenous lipid signaling molecules and their receptors (including cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2) that modulates pain, mood, and energy balance throughout the nervous system. Research now indicates it plays a central role in exercise-induced hypoalgesia, with the runner&#039;s high depending on cannabinoid receptor signaling rather than opioid receptors\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a key reason why an athlete&#039;s natural pain-blocking ability is so powerful\u2014and why that ability can mask cardiac warning signals during exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endocytic-and-lysosomal-transport-pathways\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endocytic and Lysosomal Transport Pathways<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cellular mechanisms by which material outside the cell is engulfed in vesicles (endocytosis) and processed through lysosomes; in this context, the route by which dietary Neu5Gc enters human cells and is incorporated into cell-surface structures.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Explains how a sugar from food physically becomes part of your own tissues, which is the biological basis of the Neu5Gc concern.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-cells\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Cells<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The thin layer of cells lining the inner surface of all blood vessels; they regulate vascular tone, prevent clotting, and control the passage of substances into the artery wall \u2014 and their dysfunction is an early, critical step in atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The study&#039;s central mechanism hinges on microplastics injuring these cells, triggering inflammation and plaque growth.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-dysfunction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Endothelial dysfunction is when that thin lining stops doing its job well. Vessels don&#039;t widen properly, and the barrier gets leakier.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the earliest changes in heart disease, showing up long before any plaque is visible on a scan. Smoking, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high particle counts all damage it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#nitric-oxide\">Stickstoffmonoxid<\/a><a href=\"#smoking\">Rauchen<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-function\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Function<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die F\u00e4higkeit der inneren Auskleidung von Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfen, den Gef\u00e4\u00dftonus, Entz\u00fcndungen und die Blutgerinnung zu regulieren; gesunde Endothelzellen setzen Stickstoffoxid frei, um die Arterien entspannt und resistent gegen Plaquebildung zu halten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Impaired endothelial function is an early, reversible step in atherosclerosis, making it a key target of diet and exercise interventions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-glycocalyx\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelialer Glykokalyx<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The endothelial glycocalyx is a thin, gel-like layer of glycoproteins and proteoglycans lining the inner surface of blood vessels; it acts as a selective barrier that limits direct contact between circulating lipoproteins and the arterial wall, and is vulnerable to disruption by disturbed or high-velocity blood flow.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article proposes that decades of intense exercise may &#039;shed&#039; this protective coating at arterial bends, allowing ApoB-containing particles to enter the wall and initiate plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase-enos\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Endothelial nitric oxide synthase is the enzyme in artery-lining cells responsible for producing nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and suppresses clot formation; in insulin resistance, impaired insulin-receptor signaling downregulates eNOS, reducing nitric oxide availability and promoting an adhesive, pro-inflammatory arterial surface.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Reduced eNOS activity is a key reason insulin resistance damages blood vessels beyond just altering cholesterol particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-progenitor-cells\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Progenitor Cells<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bone-marrow-derived precursor cells that circulate in the bloodstream and home to sites of endothelial injury, where they participate in re-endothelialization and microvascular repair; their mobilization is enhanced by statins, aerobic exercise, and whole-food plant-based nutrition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They represent one mechanism by which lifestyle and pharmacologic therapy restore the artery&#039;s inner lining, reducing future plaque vulnerability.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelial-vasomotor-response\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelial Vasomotor Response<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Endothelial vasomotor response is the capacity of the arterial inner lining to release signals\u2014chiefly nitric oxide\u2014that cause the vessel to relax and expand; this function is impaired in atherosclerosis and was shown in primate studies to partially recover relatively early in cholesterol-lowering treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recovery of this response is one reason risk falls before plaques visibly shrink, making it important for understanding the timeline of benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelialization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothelialization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which a single layer of endothelial cells grows to cover the inner surface of a stent, restoring a natural lining to the artery wall and reducing the risk of clot formation on the exposed metal.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Incomplete endothelialization is a key reason clots can form years after stent implantation, making it central to long-term stent safety.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"endothelium\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Endothel<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The endothelium is the ultra-thin, slippery lining on the inside of every blood vessel. It is only one cell thick.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is far more than a coating. It controls how much your vessels relax or tighten, keeps blood from clotting where it shouldn&#039;t, and decides what gets through into the wall. When it stops working properly, cholesterol particles slip in more easily.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#artery\">Arterie<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#nitric-oxide\">Stickstoffmonoxid<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"energy-density\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Energy Density<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The number of calories per gram (or per unit volume) of a food; high-fibre, water-rich plant foods have low energy density, meaning larger volumes can be eaten for fewer calories, promoting satiety and spontaneous calorie reduction without deliberate restriction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article identifies low energy density as a key mechanism by which whole-food plant-based diets facilitate weight loss and metabolic improvement.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"enos-uncoupling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">eNOS Uncoupling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A dysfunctional state of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in which the enzyme produces superoxide rather than nitric oxide, amplifying oxidative stress and reducing vasodilatory capacity; it is reversed as tetrahydrobiopterin availability is restored during plaque regression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why oxidative stress directly impairs the artery&#039;s ability to relax and why restoring eNOS function is a key goal of both dietary and pharmacologic therapy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"epa-eicosapentaenoic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A long-chain omega-3 fatty acid found in marine oils that, in purified form, inhibits oxidation of ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on the arterial wall; it differs structurally and biologically from DHA.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that EPA and DHA are distinct molecules with different effects explains why only certain fish-oil formulations showed cardiovascular benefit in trials.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"epic-oxford\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">EPIC-Oxford<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe prospektive Kohortenstudie aus dem Vereinigten K\u00f6nigreich, die einen betr\u00e4chtlichen Anteil von Vegetariern und Veganern rekrutierte und Teil der umfassenderen European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ist; sie berichtete \u00fcber ein h\u00f6heres Gesamtschlaganfallrisiko \u2013 angetrieben durch h\u00e4morrhagischen Schlaganfall \u2013 bei Vegetariern im Vergleich zu Fleischessern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>EPIC-Oxford is one of the main sources of evidence that vegetarian diets are not universally protective for all cardiovascular outcomes, particularly stroke.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"epicardial-coronary-arteries\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Epicardial Coronary Arteries<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die epikardialen Koronarterien sind die gro\u00dfen, oberfl\u00e4chlich verlaufenden Arterien, die an der Au\u00dfenseite des Herzens entlanglaufen und als Hauptleitungen f\u00fcr die Blutversorgung des Herzmuskels dienen; sie sind die Gef\u00e4\u00dfe, in denen sich atherosklerotische Plaque \u00fcberwiegend bildet und die das prim\u00e4re Ziel von koronarbildgebenden Untersuchungen sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article discusses how these specific vessels are exposed to unique mechanical forces during exercise and where athlete-specific plaque accumulation is detected on imaging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"epidemiology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Epidemiologie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Epidemiologie ist die Erforschung von Gesundheitstrends in gro\u00dfen Bev\u00f6lkerungsgruppen \u2013 wer erkrankt, wo und was diese Personen gemeinsam hatten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It generates most of the diet headlines you see. It is genuinely useful for spotting clues, but on its own it cannot prove that one thing caused another.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"epigenetic-methylation-of-cholesterol-homeostasis-pathways\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Epigenetic Methylation (of Cholesterol-Homeostasis Pathways)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A heritable chemical modification\u2014specifically the addition of methyl groups to DNA promoter regions\u2014that alters gene expression without changing the DNA sequence; in fetal aortas exposed to maternal hypercholesterolemia, altered methylation of regulatory regions including those controlling SREBP2 is associated with early atherosclerotic lesion formation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides a molecular mechanism explaining how a mother&#039;s cholesterol can permanently change how her child&#039;s body regulates its own cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"erectile-dysfunction-ed-as-vascular-marker\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Erectile Dysfunction (ED) as Vascular Marker<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In the cardiovascular context, erectile dysfunction is recognized as an early clinical manifestation of systemic endothelial and microvascular disease, because the penile arteries (1\u20132 mm diameter) reach a symptomatic threshold of narrowing several years before the larger coronary arteries (3\u20134 mm) do. Studies cite ED as an approximately 3-to-5-year warning sign preceding coronary events in men w\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing ED as a potential vascular warning rather than an isolated problem can prompt life-saving cardiovascular screening years before a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ergogenic-aid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ergogenic Aid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Jede ern\u00e4hrungsbezogene, pharmakologische oder physikalische Intervention, die darauf abzielt, die sportliche Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die normale Kapazit\u00e4t hinaus zu steigern; der Begriff wird verwendet, um zu bewerten, ob ein Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel wie exogene Ketone einen nachgewiesenen Wettbewerbsvorteil bietet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The term appears without definition when the article questions whether ketone drinks are &#039;universally proven ergogenic aids.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ergometer\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ergometer<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An ergometer is a stationary exercise device\u2014commonly a cycle or treadmill\u2014used in a clinical setting to deliver a controlled, measurable workload while the patient is monitored, typically with an ECG and blood pressure readings. It is the standard platform for exercise stress testing used to provoke and detect signs of myocardial ischemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what an exercise stress test involves helps patients understand how ischemia is unmasked in people who show no symptoms at rest.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ergometer-test\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ergometer Test<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A standardized exercise test performed on a stationary cycle ergometer (or similar device) at progressively increasing workloads to assess cardiovascular function and detect ischemia; Peter Megdal&#039;s abnormal result prompted further investigation that revealed coronary artery disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what triggered a diagnosis helps readers understand which tests can catch hidden heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"erythrocytosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Erythrozytose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Erythrocytosis is an abnormal increase in the number of circulating red blood cells, raising blood viscosity (hematocrit); it is a recognized side effect of testosterone therapy because testosterone stimulates red blood cell production, and monitoring hematocrit (with a clinical threshold around 54%) is standard practice during treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Thick blood can strain the cardiovascular system, so this is a key safety parameter doctors track in men on testosterone therapy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"esselstyn-diet-caldwell-esselstyn\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Esselstyn Diet (Caldwell Esselstyn)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Esselstyn program is an extremely low-fat, plant-exclusive dietary protocol developed by cardiologist Caldwell Esselstyn at the Cleveland Clinic, which eliminates all animal products and added oils and has been studied as a means of halting and reversing coronary artery disease. The article&#039;s interviewee cites Esselstyn&#039;s book as a foundational source in his personal research.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the most cited dietary interventions in discussions of heart disease reversal and is directly referenced in the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"essential-amino-acids-eaas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Essential Amino Acids (EAAs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The nine amino acids\u2014including leucine\u2014that the human body cannot synthesize in adequate amounts and must obtain from diet; adequate EAA availability, particularly leucine, is required to activate muscle protein synthesis, and their sufficiency becomes more critical as anabolic resistance develops with aging.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>EAA content, not just total grams of protein, determines whether a meal actually triggers muscle maintenance in older adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"estetrol-e4\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Estetrol (E4)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A naturally occurring estrogen produced by the fetal liver during pregnancy, now under clinical investigation as a menopausal hormone therapy candidate; it is thought to have a more selective tissue profile than conventional estrogens, potentially offering symptom relief with a refined safety profile.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>As a newer treatment option, E4 represents the shift toward more targeted menopause therapies with potentially fewer systemic risks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"estradiol-withdrawal-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Estradiol Withdrawal Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A model proposing that rapid physiological drops or swings in estradiol levels\u2014rather than chronically low absolute levels\u2014are the primary trigger for mood instability, irritability, and anxiety during the menopausal transition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This helps explain why some women feel emotionally destabilized even before estrogen reaches its lowest postmenopausal levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"estrogen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u00d6strogen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Estrogen is a hormone, present at much higher levels in women before menopause, that affects blood vessels, cholesterol, and bone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It appears to offer some protection to arteries, which is part of why women tend to develop heart disease about ten years later than men. What happens when estrogen drops at menopause, and whether replacing it helps, is more complicated than it was once made to sound.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hormone-replacement-therapy\">Hormone Replacement Therapy<\/a><a href=\"#menopause\">Menopause<\/a><a href=\"#testosterone\">Testosteron<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"evaporate-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">EVAPORATE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A clinical trial that used serial CCTA to track coronary plaque composition over time in patients receiving icosapent ethyl (a purified omega-3 fatty acid); it demonstrated that the drug produced regression of low-attenuation plaque, establishing CCTA as a tool for monitoring plaque response to therapy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows that AI-assisted CT imaging can measure whether treatment is actually shrinking the most dangerous type of plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"evidence-based-medicine-ebm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An approach to clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values, rather than relying on tradition or anecdote alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what &#039;evidence-based&#039; means helps readers evaluate whether a health intervention has scientific support or is based on personal belief.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-new-world-record\/\">Read: Peter Megdal sets new World Record<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"evinacumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Evinacumab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Evinacumab is an injectable antibody that blocks ANGPTL3, used for the most severe inherited cholesterol disorders.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It works even in patients whose LDL receptors barely function, because it lowers cholesterol by a route that does not depend on them. For children with the homozygous form, that distinction is life-changing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angptl3\">ANGPTL3<\/a><a href=\"#homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"evolocumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Evolocumab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Evolocumab ist ein injizierbares Cholesterinmedikament aus der Familie der PCSK9-Hemmer, das normalerweise alle zwei bis vier Wochen verabreicht wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It works by protecting the liver&#039;s cholesterol-removing receptors, and it can cut LDL and ApoB by half or more even in people already on a statin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#inclisiran\">Inclisiran<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exercise-capacity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exercise Capacity<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Exercise capacity is a quantitative measure of the maximum physical work a person can perform, typically assessed during a graded stress test as peak workload in watts, peak oxygen consumption (VO2 max), or metabolic equivalents (METs). In the article, a decline in exercise capacity four months after stenting indicated that the procedure alone had not resolved the underlying disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Exercise capacity is both a practical measure of fitness and an independent predictor of cardiovascular prognosis, making changes in it clinically meaningful.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exercise-economy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exercise Economy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Sauerstoffbedarf f\u00fcr eine bestimmte Leistungsabgabe oder Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit; trainierte Radfahrer behalten ihre sportliche \u00d6konomie mit zunehmendem Alter trotz sinkender absoluter aerober Kapazit\u00e4t weitgehend bei und bewahren so ihre Effizienz.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps explain why older elite athletes can still perform well despite lower VO\u2082max\u2014they waste less oxygen per watt of power produced.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exercise-treadmill-testing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exercise Treadmill Testing<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A standardized clinical test in which a patient walks or runs on a treadmill at progressively increasing speeds and inclines while heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG are monitored; it can estimate cardiorespiratory fitness and detect myocardial ischemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The 122,000-patient landmark study the article cites used exercise treadmill testing to classify participants into fitness quartiles and link fitness to mortality.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exercise-induced-hypoalgesia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Schmerzhemmung durch k\u00f6rperliche Belastung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Exercise-induced hypoalgesia is the reduction in pain perception that occurs during and after intense physical activity, caused by the release of endogenous opioids and other pain-dampening chemicals; in athletes, this effect can mask cardiac ischemia by blunting the chest pain that would otherwise signal inadequate blood flow to the heart.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps explain why fit people can have serious heart disease without ever feeling the classic warning signs.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exertional-nausea\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exertional Nausea<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>\u00dcbelkeit, die w\u00e4hrend oder unmittelbar nach intensivem Training auftritt; obwohl sie oft auf die Trainingsintensit\u00e4t oder die Hydratation zur\u00fcckgef\u00fchrt wird, kann sie im Kontext einer koronaren Herzkrankheit ein atypisches Symptom einer Myokardisch\u00e4mie sein, das Sportler h\u00e4ufig als normale Trainingsreaktion abtun.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The author&#039;s interval-session nausea turned out to be ischemia \u2014 highlighting how atypical symptoms in fit people can mask serious cardiac disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exogenous-ketones\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exogenous Ketones<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ketonk\u00f6rper \u2013 am h\u00e4ufigsten \u03b2-Hydroxybutyrat \u2013, die direkt als Getr\u00e4nke oder Ester konsumiert statt vom K\u00f6rper durch Kohlenhydratrestriktion produziert werden; sie erh\u00f6hen den Blutketonspiegel schnell, ohne dass eine Ern\u00e4hrungsumstellung erforderlich ist, und werden sowohl als Forschungsinstrumente als auch als vorgeschlagene ergogene Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel verwendet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the difference between diet-induced and supplement-induced ketosis helps readers critically assess performance and health claims made for ketone products.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"exome-sequencing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Exome Sequencing<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Exom-Sequenzierung ist eine genomische Technik, die die proteinkodierenden Abschnitte des Genoms liest. Sie erm\u00f6glicht es Forschern, seltene kodierende Varianten \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich Loss-of-Function-Mutationen \u2013 zu identifizieren, die erhebliche Auswirkungen auf das Krankheitsrisiko haben k\u00f6nnen; sie wurde eingesetzt, um sch\u00fctzende Varianten in Genen wie CIDEB und ZNRF3 zu entdecken, die bei standardm\u00e4\u00dfigen GWAS \u00fcbersehen w\u00fcrden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It uncovers rare but powerful genetic protections against heart disease that population-level studies overlook.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"expandability-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Erweiterbarkeitshypothese<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The expandability hypothesis proposes that individuals differ in the maximum safe lipid-storage capacity of their subcutaneous fat; when that capacity is exceeded, excess lipids spill into ectopic sites \u2014 liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and heart \u2014 causing lipotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why two people with the same total fat mass can have very different metabolic health outcomes depending on where their bodies store the excess.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"external-elastic-membrane-eem\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u00c4u\u00dfere elastische Membran<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The external elastic membrane is the boundary between an artery&#039;s muscular wall and surrounding connective tissue; in intravascular imaging, the area enclosed by the EEM is used to quantify total vessel size including both the open channel and the plaque within the wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Measuring to the EEM rather than just the lumen reveals how much the artery has remodeled outward to accommodate hidden plaque \u2014 information a standard angiogram cannot provide.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"extra-virgin-olive-oil-evoo\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cold-pressed olive oil that meets international standards for low acidity and sensory quality; unlike refined olive oil, it retains natural polyphenols and other minor bioactive compounds that may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>EVOO is frequently contrasted with seed oils in cardiovascular research, and knowing what distinguishes it from ordinary olive oil helps you evaluate the evidence more accurately.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"extracellular-matrix\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Extracellular Matrix<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The extracellular matrix is the scaffolding of collagen and other fibers that holds tissue together and gives an artery wall its strength.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is what a fibrous cap is made of. When inflammatory enzymes break it down faster than cells rebuild it, the cap thins and the plaque becomes fragile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#matrix-metalloproteinase\">Matrix Metalloproteinase<\/a><a href=\"#smooth-muscle-cell\">Smooth Muscle Cell<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"extrahepatic-synthesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Extrahepatic Synthesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Extrahepatic synthesis refers to cholesterol production occurring outside the liver\u2014in skeletal muscle, skin, kidney, intestine, and other tissues\u2014which in humans accounts for roughly 90% of total daily cholesterol synthesis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This challenges the common assumption that the liver is the body&#039;s primary cholesterol factory and clarifies why plasma cholesterol levels reflect transport, not the body&#039;s total production.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ezetimibe\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ezetimib<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ezetimib ist eine Tablette, die die Aufnahme von Cholesterin im Darm blockiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>On its own it lowers cholesterol modestly. Its real value is as a partner drug \u2014 added to a statin, it pushes levels lower without increasing the statin dose, and it very rarely causes side effects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#bempedoic-acid\">Bempedoins\u00e4ure<\/a><a href=\"#dietary-cholesterol\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-f\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">F<\/h2><article id=\"fame-2-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FAME 2 Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation 2 trial compared FFR-guided PCI against medical therapy alone in stable coronary artery disease, finding that PCI significantly reduced urgent repeat procedures but did not significantly lower mortality or spontaneous heart attack rates at up to 11 years.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why stents are still widely used\u2014they reliably relieve symptoms and prevent emergency hospital visits, even if they don&#039;t extend life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"familial-defective-apob-100\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Familial Defective ApoB-100<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Familial defective ApoB-100 is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the APOB gene \u2014 most commonly the R3500Q (p.Arg3527Gln) variant \u2014 that impairs the ability of LDL particles to bind to the LDL receptor, resulting in lifelong elevation of LDL-C and increased atherogenic particle burden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why some people have high cholesterol from birth due to a single inherited variant rather than lifestyle, and why that exposure compounds into significant coronary disease over time.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"familial-hypercholesterolemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie, kurz FH, ist eine vererbte Erkrankung, bei der die Leber Cholesterin nicht richtig aus dem Blut entfernen kann. Die Werte sind von Geburt an sehr hoch.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Roughly one in 250 people has it, and most of them don&#039;t know. Because the exposure starts in childhood, heart attacks can happen in a person&#039;s thirties or forties. It is one of the strongest arguments for checking cholesterol early rather than waiting for middle age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#xanthoma\">Xanthoma<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"familial-hypobetalipoproteinemia-fhbl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Familial Hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia is a genetic condition caused by mutations in the APOB gene that produce truncated, secretion-incompetent proteins, resulting in markedly reduced circulating LDL-C (20\u201350 mg\/dL in heterozygotes, below 10 mg\/dL in homozygotes). Affected individuals show substantially lower lifetime ASCVD risk, and homozygotes exhibit minimal plaque on imaging and in autopsy data, r\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It demonstrates that naturally very low LDL from birth is compatible with normal health and strongly protective against heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"family-history\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Familienanamnese<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Family history means whether your close relatives developed heart disease, and how young they were when it happened.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Early disease in a parent or sibling \u2014 before about 55 in men or 65 in women \u2014 is a meaningful warning sign. It can reflect shared genes, shared habits, or both, and it should push you toward testing sooner rather than later.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"family-history-index\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Family History Index<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Family History Index is the numerical output produced by the Inherited Hazard Coefficient formula; it summarizes the aggregate inherited cardiac signal across a person&#039;s family tree in a single score that can be used to guide screening decisions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what the index represents helps users interpret their app result and explain it to a clinician.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"farnesoid-x-receptor-fxr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear bile acid receptor expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine that, among its many functions, regulates the activity of FMO3 \u2014 the hepatic enzyme responsible for converting TMA into TMAO \u2014 thereby influencing systemic TMAO levels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>FXR links bile acid signaling to TMAO metabolism, suggesting that liver health and diet composition together shape cardiovascular risk through this pathway.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fatty-acid-oxidation-fao\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fatty Acid Oxidation (FAO)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A metabolic pathway in which cells break down fatty acids to generate ATP when preferred fuels like glucose are insufficient; during estrogen deficiency, the brain may shift toward FAO, which has been linked to white matter injury and increased ketone-body burden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This alternative fuel-burning mode helps explain why prolonged menopause may affect brain structure and long-term cognitive resilience.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fatty-liver\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fatty Liver<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fatty liver is fat accumulating inside liver cells, now usually called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is extremely common, usually silent, and closely tied to insulin resistance. A fatty liver also produces more ApoB particles, so it raises cardiovascular risk as well as liver risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#de-novo-lipogenesis\">De Novo Lipogenesis<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fatty-streak\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fatty Streak<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A fatty streak is the earliest visible stage of atherosclerosis \u2014 a flat yellow smear of cholesterol-filled immune cells just under the artery lining.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They appear in childhood and are present in most teenagers. Not all become plaques, but they are where the process starts, which is why prevention is increasingly discussed as a lifelong matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#bogalusa-heart-study\">Bogalusa-Herz-Studie<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#pday\">PDAY<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"felic-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FELIC Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Fate of Early Lesions in Children (FELIC) study examined aortic tissue from children aged 1 to 13 who died of non-cardiovascular causes and compared lesion sizes with those seen in fetal specimens, providing indirect evidence that some fetal fatty streaks regress after birth while also showing that children of hypercholesterolemic mothers accumulate lesions faster through childhood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key evidence that early arterial damage is not necessarily permanent\u2014but also that maternal cholesterol during pregnancy leaves a lasting biological tendency.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fermented-dairy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fermented Dairy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Dairy products such as yogurt, kefir, and aged cheese in which bacteria or molds have partially broken down lactose and proteins, altering the food&#039;s matrix and bioactive compound profile; Astrup&#039;s research cited in the article suggests saturated fat from fermented dairy does not carry the same cardiovascular risk as saturated fat from ultra-processed foods.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing fermented from non-fermented dairy refines dietary advice beyond a simple &#039;avoid saturated fat&#039; message and illustrates the food-matrix principle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fetal-programming\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fetal Programming<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which the intrauterine environment\u2014particularly maternal nutrition and metabolic state\u2014permanently alters gene expression and metabolic set-points in the developing fetus, with lasting consequences for cardiovascular and metabolic health in later life.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It means a mother&#039;s cholesterol during pregnancy can leave a lasting biological imprint on her child&#039;s arteries before birth.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ffr-fractional-flow-reserve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FFR (Fractional Flow Reserve)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>FFR is a catheter-based measurement of the pressure drop across a coronary artery narrowing during maximal blood flow; a value of 0.80 or below indicates that the blockage is significantly restricting blood flow and is used to decide whether a stent is physiologically justified.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>FAME 2, a key trial in this article, used FFR guidance to select patients for stenting, making it important to understand what FFR measures and why it changes stenting decisions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fgf21-fibroblast-growth-factor-21\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FGF21 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 21)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>FGF21 is a myokine and metabolic hormone produced by muscle (and liver) during exercise that improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake by enhancing insulin signaling in target tissues. The article identifies it as one of the biochemical mediators through which strength training may reduce cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Better glucose handling reduces a key driver of atherosclerosis, linking muscle biology directly to heart protection.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fiber\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Faser<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ballaststoffe sind der Teil pflanzlicher Nahrung, den der K\u00f6rper nicht verdauen kann. Sie sind in Bohnen, Haferflocken, Gem\u00fcse, Obst und Vollkornprodukten enthalten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Soluble fiber grabs onto bile in your gut and carries it out, which forces your liver to pull cholesterol from your blood to make more. That is a genuine cholesterol-lowering effect from food, not just a general healthy-eating claim.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carbohydrate\">Kohlenhydrat<\/a><a href=\"#gut-microbiome\">Gut Microbiome<\/a><a href=\"#plant-based-diet\">Plant-Based Diet<\/a><a href=\"#whole-food-plant-based-diet\">Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fibrates are pills that lower triglycerides by making the body break down fat-carrying particles more quickly.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They reliably improve the numbers. Whether they prevent heart attacks is much less clear, and most trials have been disappointing except possibly in people with very high triglycerides and low HDL.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#lipoprotein-lipase\">Lipoprotein Lipase<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrinolysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrinolysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The physiological process by which the body dissolves blood clots through the enzyme plasmin; Lp(a) impairs this process by competing with plasminogen for fibrin-binding sites, reducing clot clearance and increasing the risk of an occlusive cardiac event.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding fibrinolysis clarifies the second major way Lp(a) raises heart attack risk, beyond its role in plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrinolytic-enzyme\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrinolytic Enzyme<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Protein, das den Abbau von Fibrin katalysiert und Blutgerinnsel aufl\u00f6st; die fibrinolytische Aktivit\u00e4t unterscheidet sich von der Plaque-Entfernung, da arterieller Plaque in der Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand eingebettet ist, anstatt im Blutkreislauf zu zirkulieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the difference between clot dissolution and plaque regression is essential for evaluating any &#039;artery-clearing&#039; supplement claim.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrinolytic-units-fu\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrinolyse-Einheiten (FU)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Standardeinheit zur Messung der gerinnungsaufl\u00f6senden Aktivit\u00e4t von Nattokinase-Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmitteln; 2.000 FU pro Tag ist die Dosis, die auf den meisten kommerziellen Flaschen zu finden ist und die in der NAPS-Studie getestet wurde.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Supplement labels express nattokinase potency in FU rather than milligrams, so recognizing this unit is necessary to compare products and study doses.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibroatheroma\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibroatheroma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A fibroatheroma is an intermediate-to-advanced atherosclerotic lesion defined by the presence of a true necrotic core beneath a fibrous cap; it represents progression beyond the fatty streak and pathologic intimal thickening stages toward the plaque architecture associated with clinical events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this stage in the lesion progression helps explain how decades of lipid retention and inflammation eventually create the plaques that cause heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrotic-scar-myocardial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrotic Scar (Myocardial)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Non-contractile fibrous tissue that replaces dead heart muscle after a myocardial infarction; because it lacks the electrical and mechanical properties of normal myocardium, it permanently impairs pumping function in the affected region.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Myocardial fibrotic scarring illustrates why even optimal secondary prevention cannot fully restore heart function after a heart attack, anchoring the article&#039;s discussion of biological inertia.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrous-cap\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrose Kappe<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die fibr\u00f6se Kappe ist die z\u00e4he Gewebeschicht, die eine Plaque bedeckt und ihren fettigen Kern vom Blutstrom trennt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Think of it as a lid. A thick lid holds. A thin one can tear, and when it does, a clot forms on the spot and a heart attack follows. Much of what cholesterol medicine does is make that lid thicker.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#lipid-core\">Lipid Core<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fibrous-cap-thickness-fct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fibrous Cap Thickness (FCT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fibrous cap thickness is the measured depth of the protective fibrous layer that separates a plaque&#039;s lipid core from the flowing blood; a thin fibrous cap is a hallmark of a vulnerable plaque at high risk of rupturing and triggering a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cap thickness tells you not just how much plaque is present but how dangerous it is \u2014 a thin cap over a large lipid pool is the anatomy of a heart attack waiting to happen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fick-principle\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fick Principle<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Fick principle states that maximal oxygen consumption equals cardiac output multiplied by the arteriovenous oxygen content difference; it provides the mathematical framework for separating how much of an athlete&#039;s aerobic decline is due to a weakening heart pump versus reduced oxygen extraction by the muscles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this equation shows why both heart-pump capacity and muscle oxygen use must be maintained to preserve endurance performance with age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"filippo-ganna-professional-hour-record-reference\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Filippo Ganna (Professional Hour Record Reference)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An elite professional cyclist who holds the UCI Hour Record for able-bodied men, representing the gold-standard benchmark against which amateur and para-athlete hour record performances are contextualised.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Comparing elite and masters or para performances illustrates the wide spectrum of cardiovascular and aerobic capacity in competitive cycling.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"first-diagonal-branch\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Erster Diagonaler Zweig<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A side-branch artery that arises from the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery and supplies blood to a portion of the left ventricular wall; in the Megdal study, the origin of the first diagonal branch showed the most dramatic regression\u2014from severe stenosis (60\u201375%) in 2014 to a fully patent state in 2018.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This vessel is the single most striking example of reversal in the study, illustrating how complete healing of a dangerous blockage is possible.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"first-degree-relative\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">First-Degree Relative<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A biological family member who shares approximately 50 percent of an individual&#039;s genetic material, specifically parents, siblings, and children; cardiac events in first-degree relatives carry substantially more inherited risk signal than events in more distant relatives.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Whether the affected family member is a parent or sibling versus a grandparent or cousin changes how strongly that history should influence your own cardiac risk assessment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"flow-mediated-dilation-fmd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">flussvermittelte Dilatation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die flussvermittelte Dilatation ist eine nicht-invasive Ultraschallmessung, die angibt, wie stark sich eine Leitungsarterie \u2013 typischerweise die Arteria brachialis \u2013 als Reaktion auf einen erh\u00f6hten Blutfluss erweitert, und dient als Marker f\u00fcr die endotheliale Stickstoffmonoxid-Signal\u00fcbertragung und die endotheliale Funktion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the key measures used in vascular intervention studies to assess whether diet or drugs improve the health of the artery&#039;s inner lining.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fmo3-flavin-containing-monooxygenase-3\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FMO3 (Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>FMO3 is a liver enzyme that converts the gut-derived gas TMA into TMAO; its activity is suppressed by insulin in healthy individuals but rises substantially when hepatic insulin resistance is present. The article frames FMO3 as a metabolic hub linking gut microbiome activity, liver function, and circulating TMAO levels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>FMO3 activity explains why people with metabolic disease have higher TMAO even without eating more red meat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"foam-cell\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A foam cell is an immune cell that has eaten so much trapped cholesterol that it swells up and looks foamy under a microscope.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These cells came to help, then got stuck and died where they sat. Piles of dead foam cells form the greasy center of a plaque. They are the reason plaque is as much an immune problem as a fat problem.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#oxidized-ldl\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"food-matrix\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lebensmittelmatrix<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The food matrix refers to the physical and chemical structure of a whole food\u2014cell walls, fiber, protein networks\u2014that surrounds and interacts with its nutrients; fats consumed within an intact food matrix, such as whole almonds versus almond oil, are absorbed more slowly and less completely than the same fats in extracted, purified form.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why eating nuts and avocados may have different metabolic effects than drizzling the equivalent amount of oil, and is central to the article&#039;s recommendation to get more fat from whole foods.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"founder-population\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Founder Population<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Gr\u00fcnderpopulation ist eine Gruppe, die von einer kleinen Anzahl gemeinsamer Vorfahren abstammt, was zu einer verringerten genetischen Vielfalt und einer erh\u00f6hten H\u00e4ufigkeit bestimmter seltenen Varianten f\u00fchrt; in der kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Genetik wurden Gr\u00fcnderpopulationen wie bestimmte isl\u00e4ndische oder finnische Kohorten genutzt, um kardioprotektive Varianten zu entdecken, die zu selten sind, um in heterogenen globalen Stichproben effizient nachgewiesen zu werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Studying isolated communities with shared ancestry can reveal rare genetic protections against heart disease far more efficiently than studying the general population.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"founder-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Founder Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A founder variant is a gene mutation that originated in a single ancestor and has reached an unusually high frequency in a genetically isolated population \u2014 such as the APOB R3500Q variant in the Old Order Amish \u2014 making that community a natural study group for understanding the long-term effects of the mutation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Founder populations allow scientists to study the effect of a single genetic change across many individuals who share similar lifestyles, providing clearer evidence about lifelong cholesterol exposure and heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fourier\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FOURIER<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>FOURIER untersuchte Evolocumab, einen PCSK9-Inhibitor, bei Patienten mit bereits bestehender kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Erkrankung, die Statine einnahmen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It drove LDL down to around 30 mg\/dL and still reduced events, with no sign of a floor below which lowering stopped helping. It largely settled the question of whether very low LDL is safe.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#evolocumab\">Evolocumab<\/a><a href=\"#odyssey\">ODYSSEY<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fourier-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FOURIER Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die FOURIER-Studie untersuchte den PCSK9-Inhibitor Evolocumab zus\u00e4tzlich zu einer Statintherapie und zeigte, dass eine aggressive Senkung von ApoB-haltigen Partikeln kardiovaskul\u00e4re Ereignisse reduzierte; die Analyse zeigte zudem, dass Patienten, die sehr niedrige LDL-C-Werte erreichten, aber ein hohes hs-CRP behielten, dennoch einem erh\u00f6hten Residualrisiko ausgesetzt waren, was das Dual-Risk-Modell der Atherogenese st\u00fctzt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>FOURIER showed that even ultra-low cholesterol does not fully protect you if inflammation remains high\u2014both targets matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fourier-ole\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FOURIER-OLE<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die offene Verl\u00e4ngerungsstudie der FOURIER-Studie, die Patienten untersuchte, die sieben oder mehr Jahre lang mit Evolocumab behandelt wurden, und eine anhaltende kognitive Stabilit\u00e4t selbst bei denjenigen feststellte, deren LDL-C-Wert unter 20 mg\/dL lag.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Long-term extension data are critical for ruling out slow-developing harms that a shorter trial might miss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"fractional-flow-reserve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fractional Flow Reserve<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die fraktionelle Flussreserve misst den Druckabfall \u00fcber eine Verengung, um herauszufinden, ob sie den Blutfluss tats\u00e4chlich einschr\u00e4nkt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Eyeballing an angiogram is unreliable. A lesion that looks tight may pass plenty of blood, and stenting one that does not need it provides no benefit. This test decides which narrowings are worth treating.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"framingham-heart-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Framingham-Herz-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Framingham-Herzstudie begann 1948 in einer Stadt in Massachusetts und hat inzwischen drei Generationen von Familien begleitet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gave us the phrase &quot;risk factor&quot; and identified cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking as the drivers of heart disease. Nearly every risk calculator descends from it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"framingham-offspring-cohort\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Framingham Offspring Cohort<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Framingham Offspring Cohort is the second-generation study of the Framingham Heart Study, enrolling the adult children of the original participants; it has provided longitudinal data linking decades of hyperlipidemia exposure in young adulthood to later coronary heart disease risk, independent of lipid levels at midlife.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its multi-decade follow-up makes it one of the few datasets capable of testing whether early exposure leaves a lasting cardiovascular imprint.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"framingham-risk-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Framingham-Risikoskore<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Framingham Risk Score is a specific ten-year heart-attack-risk calculator built from the Framingham Heart Study&#039;s decades of data \u2014 the original tool that turned &quot;risk factors&quot; into a number.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It&#039;s still widely cited, but it and its successors were built on older, less diverse populations, so they consistently underestimate risk in groups they weren&#039;t trained on \u2014 including highly fit masters athletes with real plaque burden.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#framingham-heart-study\">Framingham-Herz-Studie<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><a href=\"#pooled-cohort-equations\">Pooled Cohort Equations<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"frank-starling-mechanism\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Frank-Starling Mechanism<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Frank-Starling mechanism is the heart&#039;s intrinsic ability to increase the force of contraction when more blood fills the ventricle during diastole; master athletes exploit this by developing larger, more compliant ventricles that can pump greater stroke volumes even as maximum heart rate falls.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains how well-trained older athletes partially compensate for a lower maximum heart rate by squeezing more blood out with each beat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"free-fatty-acids\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Free Fatty Acids<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Free fatty acids are fat molecules travelling loose in the blood after being released from fat stores.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Visceral fat dumps them straight into the vein feeding the liver. The liver responds by making more triglycerides and more ApoB particles \u2014 the mechanical link between belly fat and a bad lipid panel.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#fatty-liver\">Fatty Liver<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"free-hormone-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Free Hormone Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The free hormone hypothesis is the principle that only the protein-unbound fraction of a hormone is able to cross cell membranes and exert biological effects, making the free (and loosely albumin-bound) fraction the physiologically relevant measure rather than total circulating concentration.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This concept underlies why doctors are increasingly urged to measure bioavailable rather than total testosterone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"free-testosterone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Freies Testosteron<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Free testosterone is the small fraction (roughly 1\u20134% of total) that circulates unbound to any protein and can diffuse directly across cell membranes to activate the intracellular androgen receptor.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most immediately active form of testosterone and a key component of bioavailable testosterone measurement.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"freedom-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">FREEDOM Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Future Revascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus trial randomized 1,900 diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease to PCI or CABG, finding that bypass surgery significantly reduced death and heart attack rates compared with stenting over up to 13 years.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key evidence base for recommending bypass surgery over stenting in patients who have both diabetes and multiple blocked arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"french-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Franz\u00f6sisches Paradoxon<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The French Paradox is the observation that France had relatively low coronary heart disease mortality in the 1980s and 1990s despite high saturated fat consumption; analyses have attributed this apparent paradox to a time-lag in France&#039;s adoption of high-fat diets compared with other Western nations, systematic under-certification of CHD deaths by French physicians, and the cumulative nature of a\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The French Paradox has long been used to question the diet-heart link, so understanding why it is a statistical artifact rather than a genuine exception is important for evaluating nutrition claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"friedewald-equation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Friedewald Equation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A widely used mathematical formula that estimates LDL cholesterol from total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides rather than measuring it directly; it becomes unreliable when triglycerides are elevated or blood is drawn in a non-fasting state, which is one reason ApoB measurement is considered more accurate in certain patients.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this limitation explains why a &#039;normal&#039; LDL-C result can still miss meaningful cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-g\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">G<\/h2><article id=\"g-force-in-velodrome-turns\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">G-Force (in Velodrome Turns)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The effective gravitational load experienced by a rider when centripetal acceleration through a steeply banked curve adds to normal body weight; on a 40-degree banked track the combined force can approach twice the rider&#039;s resting body weight, increasing cardiovascular and musculoskeletal demand.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Elevated mechanical load during exercise directly increases cardiac workload and oxygen demand.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gastrointestinal-hemorrhage\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Gastrointestinal hemorrhage is bleeding within the digestive tract, most commonly in the stomach or upper intestine; it is the most frequent serious bleeding complication of long-term aspirin use and often tips the benefit\u2013risk balance against aspirin in primary prevention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the main measurable harm seen in large primary-prevention aspirin trials, directly competing with the cardiovascular events the drug is meant to prevent.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gator2-complex\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">GATOR2 Complex<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A multiprotein complex that acts as a positive regulator of mTORC1 by transmitting leucine availability signals from Sestrin2 to the Rag GTPases, which then recruit mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface for activation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>GATOR2 is part of the precise molecular machinery that translates the leucine content of a meal into a muscle-building signal, relevant to understanding why protein quality matters in aging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gene-dosing-effect\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gene Dosing Effect<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gene dosing effect refers to the amplified probability of carrying a pathogenic cardiac variant when both parents have experienced early cardiac events; having two affected first-degree parents roughly doubles the inherited risk signal compared with one, raising the likelihood of a causative inherited mutation substantially.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why the app treats two-parent cardiac histories as categorically more alarming than single-parent histories.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gene-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gene Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A gene variant is a small difference in your DNA compared with most other people.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Some variants raise cholesterol, some lower it, and some barely matter. Studying people who were born with naturally low cholesterol has been one of the most powerful ways to prove that lowering it actually prevents heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#polygenic-risk-score\">Polygenic Risk Score<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"genetics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Genetik<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Genetik ist die Lehre davon, was man von seinen Eltern erbt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Your genes strongly influence your cholesterol, blood pressure, and how early plaque starts forming. What they do not do is seal your fate. Genes set your starting point and how fast the meter runs; what you do about it still changes the outcome.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><a href=\"#polygenic-risk-score\">Polygenic Risk Score<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"genome-wide-association-study-gwas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A genome-wide association study (GWAS) scans hundreds of thousands to millions of genetic variants across the entire human genome to identify positions statistically associated with a trait or disease; in cardiovascular research, GWAS has identified common variants near genes such as HMGCR and NPC1L1 that implicate therapeutic targets even when each variant&#039;s individual effect is small.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>GWAS is how researchers discovered most of the genetic links between specific proteins and heart disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gestational-diabetes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gestational Diabetes<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that appears during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Resolving is not the end of it. It signals a metabolism that struggles under load, and it strongly predicts later type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#preeclampsia\">Preeclampsia<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ghrelin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ghrelin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ghrelin is a hormone produced primarily in the stomach that stimulates appetite and promotes fat storage; sleep deprivation raises ghrelin levels while lowering leptin, creating a hormonal environment that increases caloric intake and encourages fat accumulation in visceral depots.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding ghrelin&#039;s role explains the biological mechanism linking poor sleep to weight gain and belly fat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glagov\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">GLAGOV<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>GLAGOV f\u00fcgte der Statintherapie einen PCSK9-Inhibitor hinzu und ma\u00df die koronare Plaque vor und nach der Behandlung mittels intravaskul\u00e4rem Ultraschall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque shrank, and it shrank even in patients whose starting LDL was already considered good. It is a key piece of evidence that lower is better for reversing disease, not just slowing it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><a href=\"#percent-atheroma-volume\">Percent Atheroma Volume<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glagov-effect\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glagov-Effekt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Glagov effect (compensatory or outward remodeling) is the tendency of an artery to expand its outer diameter as plaque accumulates within the wall, preserving the inner lumen size and blood flow until plaque burden becomes very large; this means significant atherosclerosis can be present without causing measurable narrowing on a standard angiogram.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses this phenomenon to explain why trained athletes may feel perfectly well and still set personal records despite harboring substantial hidden coronary plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glagov-phenomenon\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glagov-Ph\u00e4nomen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Glagov phenomenon (also called compensatory or outward remodeling) is the tendency of an arterial wall to expand outward as atherosclerotic plaque accumulates, thereby preserving the inner lumen diameter until plaque burden becomes very large. Because lumen size stays normal during this compensatory phase, standard stress tests and angiograms can appear normal even in the presence of substant\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This explains how a person can feel completely well and pass a stress test while carrying significant hidden arterial disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glomerular-filtration\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glomerular Filtration<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Glomerular filtration is the process by which the kidney&#039;s glomeruli \u2014 tiny capillary networks \u2014 filter waste products and small molecules, including TMAO, from the bloodstream into the urine; adequate glomerular filtration clears fish-derived TMAO within roughly 24 hours, whereas chronic kidney disease reduces this clearance and allows TMAO to accumulate.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This explains why people with kidney disease are especially vulnerable to TMAO-related cardiovascular and renal harm.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glp-1-receptor-agonist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">GLP-1 Receptor Agonist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten sind injizierbare Medikamente \u2013 Semaglutid und Tirzepatid sind die bekanntesten \u2013, die ein Darmhormon nachahmen, das den Appetit und den Blutzuckerspiegel steuert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They cause substantial weight loss, but the interesting finding is that they reduce heart attacks and strokes faster than the weight comes off. That suggests they are doing something to blood vessels directly, not just shrinking waistlines.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><a href=\"#semaglutide\">Semaglutid<\/a><a href=\"#weight-loss\">Weight Loss<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glucocorticoid-receptor-resistance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glucocorticoid Receptor Resistance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Glucocorticoid receptor resistance is a state in which cells become less responsive to cortisol&#039;s signalling, so the body&#039;s ability to regulate inflammation and other stress responses is impaired even when cortisol levels appear normal. The article lists it as one of the HPA dysregulation patterns associated with adverse cardiovascular phenotypes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why measuring cortisol in the blood can miss important stress-related biology \u2014 the problem may be in how cells respond, not just how much hormone is circulating.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glucose\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glucose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Glukose ist der Zucker, den Ihr Blut transportiert, um Ihre Zellen mit Energie zu versorgen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Your body keeps it in a tight range using insulin. When that system starts failing, glucose creeps up \u2014 and the damage to blood vessels begins well before the number is high enough to be called diabetes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-sugar\">Blood Sugar<\/a><a href=\"#insulin\">Insulin<\/a><a href=\"#hemoglobin-a1c\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycan\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glycan<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A carbohydrate chain or sugar molecule attached to proteins or lipids on cell surfaces; Neu5Gc is incorporated into human cell-surface glycans after red meat consumption, where it is recognized by the immune system as foreign.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Glycans are the structural context in which Neu5Gc is displayed on cells, making this term essential to understanding how the immune reaction is triggered.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycemic-control\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glycemic Control<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die glyk\u00e4mische Kontrolle beschreibt, wie konstant Ihr Blutzucker \u00fcber die Zeit in einem gesunden Bereich gehalten wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Good control clearly protects the small vessels of the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Its effect on heart attacks is weaker, which is why cholesterol and blood pressure still need treating in their own right.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#accord\">VEREINBARUNG<\/a><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#hemoglobin-a1c\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/a><a href=\"#microvascular-dysfunction\">Mikrovaskul\u00e4re Dysfunktion<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycemic-load\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glycemic Load<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Ma\u00df, das sowohl die Qualit\u00e4t als auch die Quantit\u00e4t der Kohlenhydrate in einer Mahlzeit kombiniert, indem der glyk\u00e4mische Index eines Lebensmittels mit der darin enthaltenen Kohlenhydratmenge multipliziert wird; eine Kohlenhydratrestriktion senkt die glyk\u00e4mische Last und kann Blutzuckerspitzen nach den Mahlzeiten reduzieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article cites reduced glycemic load as one mechanism by which low-carb diets improve short-term glucose control in type 2 diabetes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycocalyx\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glyokalyx<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The glycocalyx is a delicate sugar-rich coating on the inner surface of blood vessels, a kind of gel layer between the blood and the cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It acts as a first barrier and helps the vessel sense blood flow. Damage to it \u2014 from high blood sugar, inflammation, or turbulent flow \u2014 is one of the earliest events in vascular disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#nitric-oxide\">Stickstoffmonoxid<\/a><a href=\"#transcytosis\">Transzytose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycoconjugates\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glycoconjugates<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Glycoconjugates are molecules\u2014typically proteins (glycoproteins) or lipids (glycolipids)\u2014to which sugar chains are covalently attached; sialic acids, including Neu5Gc from dietary red meat, are added to glycoconjugates in the Golgi apparatus and then displayed on cell surfaces.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The incorporation of foreign Neu5Gc into human glycoconjugates is the key step that transforms a dietary sugar into a target for immune attack on artery walls.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glycosaminoglycan\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glycosaminoglycan<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Glycosaminoglycans are long, negatively charged sugar chains that are major components of the arterial extracellular matrix and plaque connective tissue; in cynomolgus macaque plaques they are prominent structural constituents that persist after regression of the lipid-rich components.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are part of the fibrous scaffold that remains after treatment, explaining why plaques become denser and more stable rather than disappearing entirely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"glymphatic-system\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Glymphatic System<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The glymphatic system is a perivascular waste-clearance network in the brain that uses cerebrospinal fluid flowing along blood vessel walls to flush out metabolic byproducts, including amyloid-beta and tau, primarily during sleep.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Arterial stiffness disrupts the pulse-driven flow that powers this system, offering a direct mechanism by which vascular disease could cause amyloid buildup in the brain.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"grade\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">GRAD<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) ist ein weit verbreiteter Rahmen zur Bewertung der Evidenzst\u00e4rke hinter einem klinischen Befund, der diese basierend auf Faktoren wie Studiendesign, Verzerrungsrisiko, Konsistenz, Direktigkeit und Pr\u00e4zision der Ergebnisse als hoch, moderat, niedrig oder sehr niedrig einstuft.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing how GRADE works helps readers understand why two studies showing the &#039;same&#039; result can still carry very different levels of confidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"gut-microbiome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gut Microbiome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gut microbiome is the enormous community of bacteria living in your intestines. There are trillions of them, and they are not passive passengers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They break down parts of your food into new compounds that enter your bloodstream. That means what you eat can affect your heart indirectly, through what your bacteria make out of it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carnitine\">Carnitine<\/a><a href=\"#choline\">Choline<\/a><a href=\"#fiber\">Faser<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-h\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">H<\/h2><article id=\"hazard-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hazard Ratio<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Hazard Ratio vergleicht, wie schnell Ereignisse in zwei Gruppen auftreten. Ein Wert von 0,75 bedeutet, dass Ereignisse in der Behandlungsgruppe mit drei Vierteln der Rate auftraten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a relative measure, so it says nothing about how common the event was to begin with. A hazard ratio of 0.5 sounds dramatic whether the risk fell from 40 percent to 20 or from 0.4 percent to 0.2.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#confidence-interval\">Confidence Interval<\/a><a href=\"#relative-risk\">Relatives Risiko<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hcg-human-chorionic-gonadotropin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Human chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone that mimics luteinizing hormone (LH), stimulating testicular Leydig cells to produce testosterone; in men on testosterone replacement therapy it is used to preserve intratesticular testosterone production and maintain spermatogenesis, which exogenous testosterone alone suppresses.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Men concerned about fertility or testicular atrophy during testosterone therapy need to understand the role hCG plays.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hdl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HDL, or high-density lipoprotein, is the particle often called &quot;good cholesterol.&quot; It picks up cholesterol from tissues and carries it back to the liver.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The nickname has aged badly. People with naturally high HDL are healthier, but drugs that raise HDL have repeatedly failed to prevent heart attacks. High HDL seems to be a sign of good health rather than a cause of it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apolipoprotein\">Apolipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#non-hdl-cholesterol\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hdl-cholesterol-efflux-capacity-cec\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A functional measure of HDL&#039;s ability to accept cholesterol from cholesterol-laden macrophages in arterial walls and transport it to the liver for removal; emerging evidence suggests CEC predicts cardiovascular risk more accurately than the simple blood concentration of HDL cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A high HDL number on a standard test does not guarantee protection \u2014 what the HDL actually does matters more.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"healthspan\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gesundheitsspanne<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Healthspan is the portion of a person&#039;s life spent in good health, free from serious disease, disability, or significant functional decline, as distinguished from total lifespan, which counts all years alive regardless of health status.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Focusing on healthspan rather than lifespan alone shifts the goal from simply living longer to living better for longer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"healthy-aging-epidemiological-definition\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Healthy Aging (Epidemiological Definition)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A composite research endpoint used in long-term cohort studies\u2014such as the Nurses&#039; Health Study\u2014defined as surviving to older age free from major chronic diseases (including cardiovascular disease), significant cognitive decline, and functional impairment; the 2024 Nurses&#039; Health Study analysis found higher midlife plant-protein intake to be a significant predictor of this outcome.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Using &#039;healthy aging&#039; as an endpoint captures cardiovascular benefit more completely than disease incidence alone, making it a stronger measure of dietary impact.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"healthy-user-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Healthy-User-Bias<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A confounding phenomenon in which moderate drinkers tend to have higher socioeconomic status, better diets, and more active lifestyles, making alcohol appear protective when it may simply be a marker for other health-promoting behaviors.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the main reasons observational studies on alcohol and heart health can be misleading.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-age-gap\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heart Age Gap<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The difference between a person&#039;s biological heart age\u2014estimated from electrocardiographic, vascular, or risk-factor models\u2014and their chronological age; a positive gap indicates that the heart is functionally older than the calendar age and predicts higher cardiovascular risk and worse survival.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Seeing a concrete gap in &#039;years&#039; is shown to motivate behavior change more effectively than abstract risk percentages.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-attack\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Herzinfarkt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Herzinfarkt tritt auf, wenn die Blutversorgung eines Teils des Herzmuskels unterbrochen wird und dieser Muskel abstirbt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The usual trigger is not a slow closing of the artery. It is a plaque cracking open, with a clot forming on top in minutes. That is why heart attacks so often strike people who felt fine the day before, and why plaques too small to cause symptoms can still kill.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#myocardial-infarction\">Myokardinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#troponin\">Troponin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-disease-survivor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heart Disease Survivor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A person who has been diagnosed with significant cardiac disease\u2014such as severe atherosclerotic heart disease\u2014and has not died from it, often implying they have managed or reversed their condition through medical treatment, lifestyle change, or both.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this term helps readers recognize that cardiac diagnoses are not always fatal or permanently disabling, and that meaningful recovery is possible.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-new-world-record\/\">Read: Peter Megdal sets new World Record<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-failure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Heart failure means the heart cannot pump well enough to meet the body&#039;s needs. The name is misleading \u2014 it does not mean the heart has stopped.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It causes breathlessness, swollen legs, and fatigue. Common causes include past heart attacks, long-standing high blood pressure, and valve problems.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#beta-blocker\">Beta Blocker<\/a><a href=\"#ejection-fraction\">Ejection Fraction<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-rate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Herzfrequenz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Herzfrequenz ist die Anzahl der Schl\u00e4ge, die Ihr Herz pro Minute ausf\u00fchrt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A lower resting rate usually reflects better fitness \u2014 trained endurance athletes often sit in the 40s. On its own, though, resting heart rate says very little about whether you have plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#electrocardiogram\">Electrocardiogram<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heart-rate-variability\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heart Rate Variability<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Heart rate variability (HRV) is the natural beat-to-beat variation in the time between heartbeats, and is used as a non-invasive measure of autonomic nervous system balance \u2014 higher variability generally reflecting greater parasympathetic (rest-and-digest) activity. It is listed in the article as one of the outcomes measured in meditation trials.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>HRV is frequently cited as a marker of stress resilience and cardiovascular health, so knowing what it actually measures helps you evaluate wearable-device claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heat-tolerance-thermoregulatory-acclimatization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heat Tolerance (Thermoregulatory Acclimatization)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The physiological adaptation to exercising in warm environments, including increased plasma volume, earlier onset of sweating, and reduced cardiovascular strain at a given temperature; athletes who train in cool climates lack this adaptation and experience greater heart-rate elevation and performance decline when competing in heat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Poor heat tolerance raises cardiovascular stress during exertion, which is a meaningful risk factor for older athletes and heart patients exercising in warm conditions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heinz-nixdorf-recall-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study is a German population-based cohort study; a sub-analysis of 108 male marathon runners aged 50 and older found they had coronary artery calcium scores higher than risk-factor-matched controls despite lower Framingham Risk Scores, and that all coronary events during follow-up occurred exclusively in runners with CAC scores of 100 or above.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It was one of the first studies to formally show that standard risk calculators underestimate true plaque burden in highly trained athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hematocrit\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hematocrit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hematocrit is the percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells; in the context of testosterone therapy, a hematocrit exceeding approximately 54% signals erythrocytosis and may prompt dose adjustment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the routine lab value used to detect the most common safety concern of testosterone replacement.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heme-iron\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heme Iron<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The form of iron bound to hemoglobin and myoglobin in animal tissue, absorbed more efficiently than plant-derived non-heme iron; cited as one of the potentially harmful components of red meat contributing to cardiovascular and cancer risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of several mechanisms beyond Neu5Gc by which red meat may raise disease risk, illustrating why the picture is complex.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hemodynamically-significant-stenosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hemodynamically Significant Stenosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Verengung der Koronararterien, die ausreicht, um den Blutfluss zu verringern und unter Belastung eine Isch\u00e4mie im nachgelagerten Bereich zu verursachen; dies wird \u00fcblicherweise als Verengung des Lumen-Durchmessers um 70% oder mehr definiert; unterhalb dieses Schwellenwerts fallen Standard-Belastungstests in der Regel als normal aus, selbst wenn gef\u00e4hrliche weiche Plaques vorhanden sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article&#039;s central argument hinges on the fact that most heart attacks originate from lesions that never reach this threshold.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hemoglobin-a1c\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hemoglobin A1c is a blood test showing your average blood sugar over the past two to three months, rather than at one moment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because it averages, it catches problems a single fasting test can miss. It is the standard way diabetes and prediabetes are diagnosed and tracked.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-sugar\">Blood Sugar<\/a><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#glucose\">Glucose<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hemorrhagic-stroke\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">H\u00e4morrhagischer Schlaganfall<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein h\u00e4morrhagischer Schlaganfall ist eine Schlaganfallart, die durch eine Blutung im oder um das Gehirn statt durch eine verstopfte Arterie verursacht wird; da Aspirin die Blutgerinnung beeintr\u00e4chtigt, erh\u00f6ht es das Risiko dieser Komplikation, was ein Hauptgrund daf\u00fcr ist, dass seine Anwendung bei Personen mit geringem Risiko heute nicht mehr empfohlen wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is one of the most serious harms aspirin can cause in healthy people, making it critical to weigh against its potential heart-protection benefits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heparan-sulfate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heparan Sulfate<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Heparan sulfate is a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan, similar to chondroitin sulfate, found on proteoglycans in the arterial extracellular matrix; alongside chondroitin sulfate, it participates in the electrostatic binding of ApoB-100\u2013containing lipoproteins that initiates plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding both types of arterial &#039;glue&#039; clarifies why reducing circulating ApoB particles is the most direct way to prevent plaques from starting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hepatic-beta-oxidation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hepatic Beta-Oxidation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The metabolic process in liver cells by which fatty acids are broken down within mitochondria to generate acetyl-CoA and energy; shorter-chain fatty acids such as C8:0 and C10:0 enter this pathway more readily than longer-chain saturated fats, which is the biochemical basis for the thermogenic effects ascribed to true MCT oils.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why purified MCT oils and coconut oil behave differently in the body despite both being labeled &#039;MCT sources.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hepatic-first-pass-metabolism\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hepatic First-Pass Metabolism<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hepatic first-pass metabolism is the process by which an orally swallowed drug is absorbed from the gut and passed directly to the liver before reaching the rest of the body, where the liver chemically alters it; for oral estrogen, this triggers the liver to produce extra clotting factors, raising the risk of blood clots.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key reason transdermal patches carry a lower clot risk than estrogen pills \u2014 the patch bypasses the liver entirely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hepatic-glycogen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hepatic Glycogen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hepatic glycogen is the storage form of glucose held in liver cells; when depleted\u2014as occurs during carbohydrate restriction\u2014the liver shifts toward increased production and secretion of VLDL particles to export fat as fuel, which the Lipid Energy Model argues explains the rise in LDL-C on ketogenic diets.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the metabolic trigger at the center of the Lean Mass Hyper-Responder explanation for high LDL on low-carb diets.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hepatic-lipase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hepatic Lipase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hepatic lipase is a liver-produced enzyme that hydrolyses triglyceride-enriched LDL particles in the circulation, converting them into smaller, denser LDL; its activity is upregulated in insulin-resistant states, accelerating the production of small dense LDL and the discordance between LDL-C and ApoB.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding hepatic lipase explains the metabolic pathway through which diabetes and obesity drive a more dangerous LDL particle profile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"heterozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia-hefh\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is the more common inherited form of severely elevated LDL cholesterol, affecting roughly 1 in 311 people, in which one copy of the LDL receptor gene is defective; without treatment it carries an approximately 13-fold increased risk of coronary heart disease and causes heart attacks in about 50% of affected men by age 50.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>HeFH serves as a benchmark for understanding how decades of high LDL exposure translates into cardiovascular risk\u2014and how the index patient&#039;s shorter exposure compares.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-intensity-interval-training-hiit\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hochintensives Intervalltraining (HIIT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>High-intensity interval training is a structured exercise method that alternates short bouts of near-maximal effort (typically 85\u201395% of peak heart rate) with periods of active recovery or rest. In the cardiovascular context, HIIT protocols have been studied as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce plaque burden and improve heart function.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>HIIT is the specific exercise format shown in the CENIT trial to rival medication in reducing coronary plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-intensity-statin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">High-Intensity Statin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein hochintensive Statintherapie ist eine Dosis, von der erwartet wird, dass sie LDL um 50 Prozent oder mehr senkt \u2013 in der Praxis sind das h\u00f6here Dosen von Atorvastatin oder Rosuvastatin.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Guidelines call for this level after a heart attack or in very high-risk patients, rather than starting low and slowly working up. The size of the reduction is what drives the benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atorvastatin\">Atorvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#rosuvastatin\">Rosuvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-oleic-oils\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">High-Oleic Oils<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>High-oleic oils are cultivar-bred versions of conventional seed oils\u2014such as high-oleic sunflower or safflower\u2014in which oleic acid (a monounsaturated fat) replaces most of the linoleic acid, making them considerably more resistant to oxidation and heat degradation than their standard counterparts.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They offer a practical middle ground between conventional seed oils and olive oil for cooking at higher temperatures.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-risk-plaque-morphology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">High-Risk Plaque Morphology<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>High-risk plaque morphology describes specific structural features visible on CCTA \u2014 including a large low-attenuation necrotic core, a thin or disrupted fibrous cap, positive remodeling, and spotty calcification \u2014 that identify plaques most likely to rupture and cause an acute myocardial infarction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is why a CCTA provides more clinically useful information than simply knowing whether an artery is narrowed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein-hs-crp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A blood test that detects low-grade systemic inflammation (typically 0.5\u201310 mg\/L) by measuring CRP with greater precision than standard assays; levels above 3.0 mg\/L indicate high cardiovascular risk, and a 30-year study of nearly 28,000 women found it predicted heart events more strongly than LDL cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reveals whether silent inflammation is actively destabilizing plaques, a risk that a standard cholesterol panel cannot show.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"high-sensitivity-troponin-hs-tn\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">High-Sensitivity Troponin (hs-Tn)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>High-sensitivity troponin is an ultra-sensitive blood test that detects tiny amounts of troponin \u2014 a protein released when heart muscle cells are damaged \u2014 enabling identification of subtle, subclinical myocardial injury well below the threshold detectable by older assays.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It can reveal that the heart is already being quietly harmed even in people with no chest pain or other symptoms.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"histologic-plaque-regression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Histologic Plaque Regression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Verringerung des arteriellen Lipidgehalts und der Infiltration von Entz\u00fcndungszellen, best\u00e4tigt durch direkte mikroskopische Gewebeuntersuchung, wie in Experimenten an Nicht-Mensch-Primaten gezeigt, bei denen die Umstellung von einer cholesterinreichen auf eine fettarme Ern\u00e4hrung zu einer messbaren Abnahme der arteriellen Lipidspeicher f\u00fchrte.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Histologic evidence from animal models provides the biological proof that diet alone can physically reverse the cellular makeup of a plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hmg-coa-reductase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HMG-CoA Reductase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the liver&#039;s cholesterol biosynthetic (mevalonate) pathway; statins work by competitively blocking it, reducing the liver&#039;s own cholesterol production and prompting it to pull more LDL out of the bloodstream.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what statins actually block explains both how they lower LDL and why their side effects are tied to this specific biochemical pathway.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hmgcr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HMGCR<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HMGCR ist das Gen f\u00fcr die HMG-CoA-Reduktase, das Enzym, das den geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Schritt bei der Cholesterinsynthese katalysiert. Es ist das genaue Ziel aller Statine.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>People born with a naturally less active version have lower cholesterol and fewer heart attacks \u2014 essentially a lifelong, low-dose statin from birth. That genetic evidence is why statins are trusted as causal, not just correlated.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hmgcr-locus\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HMGCR Locus<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The gene encoding HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis and the target of statin drugs; genetic variants at this locus that lower LDL-C have been used in Mendelian randomization studies alongside PCSK9 variants to assess Alzheimer&#039;s disease risk, with neutral findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Including HMGCR alongside PCSK9 in genetic analyses helps distinguish whether any brain risk is specific to the PCSK9 pathway or a general consequence of lower LDL.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hnf-4%ce%b1-hepatocyte-nuclear-factor-4-alpha\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HNF-4\u03b1 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4-Alpha)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HNF-4\u03b1 is a liver transcription factor that drives hepatic SHBG gene expression; it is suppressed by hyperinsulinemia and fructose-driven lipogenesis, which is why high sugar intake and insulin resistance lower SHBG, and stimulated by thyroid hormones, which is why hyperthyroidism raises SHBG.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding HNF-4\u03b1 links diet and metabolic health directly to how much testosterone your body can actually use.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"holding-device-track-start-gate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Holding Device (Track Start Gate)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A fixed mechanical apparatus at the start line of a velodrome time trial that grips the bicycle and holds it stationary until the official countdown reaches zero, allowing the rider to clip in and apply force before release.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Relevant context for understanding the explosive cardiovascular demand at the very start of a maximal aerobic effort.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"holiday-heart-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Holiday-Heart-Syndrom<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The phenomenon in which binge alcohol consumption triggers acute atrial fibrillation or other arrhythmias, classically observed after holiday celebrations; it demonstrates that even isolated episodes of heavy drinking can destabilize the heart&#039;s electrical system without requiring underlying structural disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows that you do not need to be a chronic drinker for alcohol to cause a dangerous irregular heartbeat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"homa-ir\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HOMA-IR<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) is a calculated index derived from fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin levels used to estimate a person&#039;s degree of insulin resistance; lower values indicate better insulin sensitivity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides a simple way to track metabolic health beyond standard glucose or A1c tests.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"homocysteine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Homocystein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A sulfur-containing amino acid whose blood levels rise when vitamin B12 or folate is deficient; elevated homocysteine is associated with increased vascular risk, including stroke, through effects on endothelial function and vascular integrity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article identifies B12-driven elevated homocysteine as a plausible mechanism linking vegetarian diets to higher hemorrhagic stroke risk in some populations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"homocystinuria\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Homocystinuria<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A rare inherited metabolic disorder, most commonly caused by deficiency of the enzyme cystathionine \u03b2-synthase (CBS), in which homocysteine accumulates to severe levels (above 100 \u00b5mol\/L); untreated, it causes premature and severe vascular disease and thromboembolism often before age 30.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the only condition where homocysteine is established as a direct cause of arterial damage, which is why distinguishing it from mild elevation matters so much.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, or HoFH, is the rare and severe form of inherited high cholesterol, where a child inherits the faulty gene from both parents instead of one.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cholesterol levels can be four to eight times normal from birth. Without aggressive treatment, these children can develop the arteries of a 60-year-old before they finish school. It is the most extreme demonstration of what lifelong cholesterol exposure does.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-apheresis\">LDL Apheresis<\/a><a href=\"#xanthoma\">Xanthoma<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hope-2-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HOPE-2 Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized controlled trial of 5,522 people with established vascular disease or diabetes that tested daily supplementation with folic acid, B-6, and B-12 for approximately five years; homocysteine fell as expected but the primary composite cardiovascular endpoint did not improve.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>One of the largest and most influential trials confirming that lowering homocysteine with B vitamins does not reduce heart attack risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hormone-replacement-therapy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hormone Replacement Therapy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hormone replacement therapy, or HRT, gives estrogen \u2014 sometimes with progesterone \u2014 to women whose levels dropped at menopause.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The story here has swung wildly. Early studies suggested it protected the heart, a large trial then suggested harm, and closer analysis showed that timing and delivery method matter enormously. Starting near menopause with a patch looks very different from starting fifteen years later with a pill.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#estrogen\">\u00d6strogen<\/a><a href=\"#menopause\">Menopause<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hormone-sensitive-lipase-hsl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hormone-Sensitive Lipase (HSL)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hormone-sensitive lipase is an enzyme in fat cells that breaks down stored triglycerides into free fatty acids; insulin normally suppresses it after a meal, but in insulin resistance this suppression fails, causing a continuous release of fatty acids into circulation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding HSL explains the biochemical link between insulin resistance and the liver&#039;s overproduction of dangerous lipoprotein particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"horus-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Horus Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Horus study used CT imaging to assess 137 mummies from four ancient populations spanning more than 4,000 years, finding probable or definite atherosclerosis in 34 percent, demonstrating that arterial disease predates modern industrialized diet and lifestyle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It complicates the narrative that atherosclerosis is purely a modern disease while still leaving open the question of what environmental factors accelerate it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hounsfield-units-hu\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hounsfield-Einheiten (HU)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A standardized scale of radiodensity used in CT imaging, where water is defined as 0 HU and denser materials register higher values; in CAC scoring, a threshold of \u2265130 HU is used to identify calcified coronary plaque when applying the Agatston method.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this unit explains why a CAC scan can detect calcified plaque but misses softer, less dense deposits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hour-record\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stundenweltrekord<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Radsportdisziplin, bei der ein Athlet versucht, auf einer Radrennbahn in genau einer Stunde die gr\u00f6\u00dftm\u00f6gliche Strecke zur\u00fcckzulegen; sie wird von der UCI reglementiert und gilt weithin als eine der k\u00f6rperlich anstrengendsten Leistungen im Ausdauersport.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Context for understanding the elite athletic background Peter Megdal brought to his cardiac rehabilitation and research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hpa-axis-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HPA Axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The HPA axis is the hormonal cascade \u2014 running from the brain&#039;s hypothalamus to the pituitary gland to the adrenal glands \u2014 that governs the body&#039;s cortisol stress response. The article argues that dysregulation of this axis (flattened daily rhythms, altered reactivity) is a more accurate model of stress-related cardiovascular risk than simply having persistently high cortisol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most stress-and-heart coverage focuses on cortisol levels alone; knowing the whole axis is involved explains why simple cortisol tests are not useful for assessing heart risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hps2-thrive-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">HPS2-THRIVE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe, randomisierte Studie, die untersuchte, ob die Zugabe von Retard-Niacin plus Laropiprant zu einer bestehenden Statintherapie schwere vaskul\u00e4re Ereignisse bei Hochrisikopatienten verringert, ergab keinen nennenswerten kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Nutzen und zeigte eine erh\u00f6hte Rate schwerwiegender unerw\u00fcnschter Ereignisse, womit Niacin als kardiovaskul\u00e4re Standardtherapie faktisch beendet wurde.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This trial is a key reason cardiologists stopped trying to raise HDL and refocused entirely on lowering ApoB.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hs-crp-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">hs-CRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is an ultra-sensitive blood assay for C-reactive protein, a marker produced by the liver in response to systemic inflammation. In cardiovascular medicine, elevated hs-CRP independently predicts ASCVD events and is used to gauge whether ongoing arterial inflammation is amplifying the risk posed by lipid burden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Measuring the inflammatory &#039;fire&#039; alongside cholesterol gives a more complete picture of plaque instability and helps guide decisions about additional preventive treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hscrp-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">hsCRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>hsCRP is a blood marker of systemic inflammation measured with a highly sensitive assay; it independently predicts cardiovascular events and rises with conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and kidney disease. The article notes that TMAO correlates with hsCRP, making inflammation another potential confounder in studies associating high TMAO with heart disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Separating TMAO&#039;s signal from that of inflammation is critical to understanding whether the molecule itself\u2014or the inflamed state it accompanies\u2014drives risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hunter-gatherer-societies\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hunter-Gatherer Societies<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pre-agricultural human communities that obtain food by hunting animals, fishing, and gathering wild plants rather than farming; ethnographic data from 229 such societies shows a median of roughly 55\u201365% of calories from animal foods, a figure Cordain uses to define a plausible ancestral protein target.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Ancestral diet patterns are the empirical foundation of the Paleo dietary framework.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"huygens\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Huygens<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>HUYGENS used optical coherence tomography \u2014 a very high-resolution imaging catheter \u2014 to see whether a PCSK9 inhibitor changed plaque structure after a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Fibrous caps got thicker and lipid cores got smaller. It is direct visual evidence for plaque stabilization, not just a change in a lab number.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#optical-coherence-tomography\">Optische Koh\u00e4renztomographie<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyper-absorber\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hyper-Absorber<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A hyper-absorber is an individual whose intestines take up an unusually high fraction of luminal cholesterol\u2014from both diet and recycled bile\u2014via NPC1L1-mediated transport. These individuals respond better to ezetimibe, which blocks intestinal NPC1L1, than to statin therapy alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>If you are a hyper-absorber, targeting the gut rather than the liver&#039;s synthesis machinery is the more efficient way to lower LDL.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyper-synthesizer\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hyper-Synthesizer<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A hyper-synthesizer is an individual whose liver and peripheral tissues endogenously produce unusually large amounts of cholesterol, often independent of dietary intake. These individuals tend to respond well to statins, which block HMG-CoA reductase, but less well to dietary cholesterol restriction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing you are a hyper-synthesizer explains why cutting eggs from your diet barely moves your LDL and why your doctor may prioritise a statin instead.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyperaminoacidemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hyperaminoacidemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hyperaminoacidemia is the transient rise in blood amino acid concentrations that follows a protein-containing meal; it is the primary nutritional signal that stimulates mTORC1 and muscle protein synthesis. In older adults, a blunted anabolic response to hyperaminoacidemia is a defining feature of anabolic resistance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the physiological trigger that protein meals are designed to produce, and understanding it clarifies why meal size and leucine content matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hypercholesterolemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie ist ein abnormal erh\u00f6hter Spiegel an cholesterintragenden Partikeln im Blut, der in Primatenexperimenten typischerweise durch die F\u00fctterung einer an Nahrungscholesterin und ges\u00e4ttigten Fetten reichen Di\u00e4t verursacht wird und mit einer beschleunigten Plaquebildung in den Arterienw\u00e4nden einhergeht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The entire mechanism of plaque reversal in this article turns on lowering hypercholesterolemia, so the term is central to understanding the research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyperglycemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u00dcberzuckerung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Abnormally elevated blood glucose concentration; included as one of the modifiable risk factors in the PDAY scoring system because it accelerates arterial lesion progression in adolescents and young adults.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that high blood sugar contributes to artery damage even in teenagers reinforces why metabolic health matters from an early age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyperhomocysteinemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hyperhomocysteinemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An elevated level of homocysteine in the blood, classified as mild (15\u201330 \u00b5mol\/L), moderate (30\u2013100 \u00b5mol\/L), or severe (above 100 \u00b5mol\/L); the causal relationship to cardiovascular disease is well established only at severe concentrations.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the severity classification tells you whether a high reading on your blood test is in the range where treatment has actually been shown to matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hypertension\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bluthochdruck<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bluthochdruck ist der medizinische Begriff f\u00fcr hohe Blutdruckwerte.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It damages artery walls year after year without causing any symptoms, which is how it earned the nickname &quot;silent killer.&quot; Along with cholesterol particles and smoking, it is one of the main forces driving plaque growth.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an inherited condition in which the heart muscle grows abnormally thick.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. The difficulty is that a trained heart is also thicker than average, so telling healthy adaptation from disease takes careful specialist assessment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-mri\">Kardio-MRT<\/a><a href=\"#cardiomyopathy\">Kardiomyopathie<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"hyperuricemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Hyperurik\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein erh\u00f6hter Harns\u00e4urespiegel im Blut, der Gicht und Nierensteine ausl\u00f6sen kann; er wurde in der CLEAR-Outcomes-Studie als nennenswerte Nebenwirkung von Bempedoins\u00e4ure identifiziert, wodurch sich ihr Sicherheitsprofil von dem von Statinen unterscheidet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing about hyperuricemia helps patients and clinicians weigh bempedoic acid&#039;s muscle-friendly advantages against its specific metabolic side effect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-i\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">I<\/h2><article id=\"icam-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ICAM-1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ICAM-1 is a molecule that appears on the surface of the blood vessel lining and acts like Velcro, catching passing immune cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the first visible signs that an artery wall has turned inflamed and started recruiting the cells that will eventually build a plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#vcam-1\">VCAM-1<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"iconic-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ICONIC Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A coronary CT angiography study that quantified specific plaque components in symptomatic patients with a CAC score of zero who subsequently developed acute coronary syndrome, revealing substantially greater fibrous, fibrofatty, and necrotic-core plaque volumes compared with matched controls who did not develop events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ICONIC provides the most granular evidence that dangerous vulnerable plaque can exist even when no calcium is detectable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"icosapent-ethyl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Icosapent Ethyl<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Icosapent ethyl is a purified, high-dose form of the omega-3 fat EPA, sold as Vascepa.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Unlike ordinary fish oil it reduced events in a major trial. The result is debated, because the placebo used may itself have been harmful, and other purified omega-3 trials have been negative.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#omega-3-fatty-acids\">Omega-3 Fatty Acids<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"idiopathic-left-ventricular-hypertrophy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Idiopathic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy is thickening of the heart&#039;s main pumping chamber wall that exceeds normal limits but for which no genetic variant, structural diagnosis, or external cause can be identified; it accounted for approximately 17% of adjudicated SCD cases in the NCAA dataset and sits at the boundary between athlete&#039;s heart and overt cardiomyopathy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents the difficult diagnostic grey zone where distinguishing normal athletic adaptation from silent disease is hardest and the stakes are highest.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"idl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>IDL oder Lipoprotein mittlerer Dichte ist ein Partikel, das auf halbem Weg in dem Prozess entsteht, in dem ein gro\u00dfes Triglycerid-tragendes Partikel zu einem LDL-Partikel schrumpft.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It carries ApoB, so it can lodge in artery walls just like LDL can. A standard cholesterol panel does not list it separately, which is one more reason the standard panel undercounts your real risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ifr-instantaneous-wave-free-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">iFR (Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Instantaneous wave-free ratio is an invasive catheter-based index that measures the pressure drop across a coronary stenosis during a specific resting phase of the cardiac cycle, providing a wire-based assessment of whether a blockage is hemodynamically significant without the need for pharmacological stress. Like FFR, it guides decisions about whether a stenosis warrants intervention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In athletes where non-invasive tests may be equivocal, iFR offers a precise, catheter-based answer about whether a narrowing is actually limiting blood flow to the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"igf-1-insulin-like-growth-factor-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>IGF-1 is a hormone produced mainly by the liver in response to dietary protein and growth hormone; it promotes cell growth and division throughout the body. Elevated IGF-1 is beneficial for muscle maintenance in older adults but has also been associated in observational studies with increased cancer risk in middle-aged adults, which is why high protein intake before age 65 carries a different ris\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>IGF-1 is the key hormonal link between a high-protein diet and both its muscle-building benefits and its potential cancer-related risks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ikaria-blue-zone-reference\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ikaria (Blue Zone Reference)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A Greek island frequently cited in longevity research as a population with unusually low rates of heart disease and long life expectancy; epidemiologists attribute this partly to a predominantly plant-based, low-saturated-fat Mediterranean diet combined with active lifestyles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Population data from places like Ikaria provide real-world evidence supporting the dietary approach the author adopted.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"il-1%ce%b2-interleukin-1-beta\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IL-1\u03b2 (Interleukin-1 Beta)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>IL-1\u03b2 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine released by activated macrophages\u2014particularly after NLRP3 inflammasome assembly\u2014that amplifies local plaque inflammation and stimulates IL-6 production, which in turn drives hepatic CRP synthesis; Mendelian randomization evidence supports IL-1\u03b2 signaling as a causal driver of ASCVD risk rather than a mere marker.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>IL-1\u03b2 is the upstream &#039;fire&#039; that CRP merely signals; targeting it (as the CANTOS trial did with canakinumab) reduced cardiovascular events independent of cholesterol lowering.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"il-6\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IL-6<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Interleukin-6 oder IL-6 ist ein Signalmolek\u00fcl, das das Immunsystem nutzt, um eine entz\u00fcndliche Botschaft im K\u00f6rper zu verbreiten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It sits upstream of C-reactive protein, which is why CRP rises when IL-6 does. Blocking this pathway is one of the main strategies being tested for reducing inflammatory risk that persists after cholesterol is controlled.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#colchicine\">Colchicine<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"il-6-receptor-il6r-pathway\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IL-6 Receptor (IL6R) Pathway<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R) pathway mediates the inflammatory signalling of IL-6; Mendelian randomization studies of the Asp358Ala variant in IL6R show that attenuating this pathway reduces coronary heart disease risk independently of lipid levels, supporting a causal role for inflammatory signalling in plaque progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates that cardiovascular risk is not solely determined by particle burden \u2014 inflammatory biology operates as a partly independent modifier of atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"il-6-trans-signaling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IL-6 Trans-Signaling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A mode of interleukin-6 signaling in which IL-6 binds to its soluble receptor (sIL-6R) rather than the membrane-bound form, allowing the complex to activate the signal-transducing subunit gp130 on virtually any cell type, including vascular endothelial cells that would not otherwise respond to IL-6.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Trans-signaling extends inflammation to the artery wall; variants that reduce it help explain genetic protection against atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"imaging-trap\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Imaging-Trap<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Imaging Trap is the clinical scenario in which a patient with significant inherited cardiac risk receives a zero Coronary Artery Calcium score and is falsely reassured, when in reality dangerous soft non-calcified plaque may already be present and detectable only by Coronary CT Angiography.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the central clinical hazard the app is designed to help users recognize and avoid.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"imbalanced-intervention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Imbalanced Intervention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An imbalanced intervention is a methodological flaw in a clinical trial in which different study arms receive substantially different levels of support\u2014such as free food and intensive coaching in one group versus an information pamphlet in another\u2014making it impossible to attribute outcome differences to the dietary treatment alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this flaw in PREDIMED is essential for correctly interpreting what that trial does and does not prove about the Mediterranean diet.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"immuno-lipidology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Immuno-Lipidology<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A framework for understanding atherosclerosis that integrates immunology and lipid biology, viewing plaque not as passive fat accumulation but as a chronic inflammatory response driven by the immune system&#039;s reaction to retained lipoproteins in the arterial wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why patients with &#039;normal&#039; cholesterol still have heart attacks\u2014the immune response to trapped particles matters as much as the particles themselves.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"immunosenescence\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Immunosenescence<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The age-related decline in immune system function, including reduced capacity to clear damaged cells and resolve inflammation, which allows atherosclerotic plaques to persist and enlarge rather than be kept in check.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing that the immune system weakens with age clarifies why plaque management becomes harder as we get older.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-does-age-affect-atherosclerosis-a-qa-explainer\/\">Read: How Does Age Affect Atherosclerosis? A Q&#038;A Explainer<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"immunoturbidimetric-assay\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Immunoturbidimetric Assay<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A laboratory technique that measures protein concentration by detecting how much a sample scatters light after adding a specific antibody; both ApoB and Lp(a) are routinely quantified this way, providing direct measurements that do not rely on calculated estimates.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that ApoB is directly measured\u2014not calculated\u2014helps explain why it is more reliable than Friedewald-derived LDL-C in many clinical situations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"impact-model\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IMPACT Model<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das IMPACT-Modell ist ein epidemiologisches Instrument zur Sch\u00e4tzung, wie viel des beobachteten R\u00fcckgangs der Sterblichkeit an koronarer Herzkrankheit auf Ver\u00e4nderungen der Risikofaktoren in der Bev\u00f6lkerung im Vergleich zu medizinischen Behandlungen zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren ist, indem Daten zu Risikofaktortrends mit Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit einzelner Interventionen kombiniert werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>IMPACT-type analyses are the main source for claims about what fraction of the heart-disease decline came from prevention versus medicine \u2014 understanding the model helps you judge those percentages critically.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"improve-it\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">IMPROVE-IT<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>IMPROVE-IT added ezetimibe to a statin after a heart attack, testing whether lowering LDL by a non-statin mechanism would help.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It did. That mattered enormously, because it showed the benefit comes from the lower LDL itself rather than from something special about statins.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ezetimibe\">Ezetimib<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#npc1l1\">NPC1L1<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"in-stent-thrombosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">In-Stent Thrombosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The formation of a blood clot inside a coronary stent, a potentially fatal complication that is more common with drug-eluting stents because the drug delays full coverage of the metal by endothelial cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In-stent thrombosis is one of the main reasons patients with stents must take antiplatelet drugs indefinitely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"inclisiran\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Inclisiran<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Inclisiran ist eine cholesterinsenkende Injektion, die nach den ersten beiden Dosen nur zweimal im Jahr verabreicht wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Instead of blocking a protein the way other drugs do, it tells the liver to stop making that protein in the first place. Twice-yearly dosing solves the biggest weakness of daily pills, which is that people forget to take them.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#adherence\">Einhaltung<\/a><a href=\"#evolocumab\">Evolocumab<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"incomplete-apposition\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Incomplete Apposition<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A condition in which a stent fails to make full contact with the artery wall after deployment, leaving gaps where blood can flow behind the stent struts and clots may form on surfaces that never become covered by endothelial cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Incomplete apposition is a recognized mechanical cause of late in-stent thrombosis and illustrates why precise stent sizing and deployment matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"incretin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Incretin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Incretins are gut-derived hormones \u2014 principally GLP-1 and GIP \u2014 released after eating that amplify insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner; the drug classes discussed throughout this article are designed to mimic or enhance incretin signaling, hence the umbrella term &#039;incretin-based therapies.&#039;<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The word &#039;incretin&#039; appears repeatedly in the clinical section as the unifying category for these drugs, and knowing its meaning clarifies how they all relate to each other.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"incretin-therapy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Incretin Therapy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Incretin therapies are a class of drugs \u2014 including GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide and tirzepatide \u2014 that mimic gut hormones to lower blood sugar, reduce appetite, and promote weight loss. The article identifies them as central to the &#039;cardiometabolic revolution&#039; likely to shape the next era of cardiovascular prevention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because obesity and type 2 diabetes are now pushing coronary risk in the wrong direction, incretin therapies represent a promising tool for addressing the cardiometabolic drivers that are stalling further progress.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"independent-predictor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Unabh\u00e4ngiger Pr\u00e4diktor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A variable that statistically forecasts an outcome\u2014such as mortality\u2014even after accounting for other known risk factors like age, BMI, and cholesterol through multivariable analysis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses this term to argue that VO\u2082 max carries prognostic information beyond conventional cardiovascular risk factors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"indicator-amino-acid-oxidation-iaao\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation (IAAO)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Indicator amino acid oxidation is a research technique that estimates the body&#039;s total protein requirement by tracking how much of a tracer amino acid is burned off as the test protein intake increases; the inflection point where oxidation drops signals that protein needs are being met. The article cites IAAO studies suggesting endurance-trained adults need roughly 1.6\u20131.8 g of protein per kilogr\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the specific method behind the higher protein-requirement figures used to justify the 40-gram-per-meal target for master athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"industry-funding\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Industry Funding<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Financial sponsorship of scientific research by commercial entities with a stake in the outcome; studies funded by industry have been shown to be more likely to report results favorable to the sponsor&#039;s product, introducing systematic bias into health evidence.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing who paid for a study is a basic tool of critical appraisal, helping readers weigh health claims more accurately.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-on-the-lynchpin-podcast\/\">Read: Peter Megdal on The Lynchpin Podcast<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"inflammaging\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Inflammaging<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A chronic, low-grade, sterile inflammatory state that develops with advancing age as the immune system loses its ability to fully resolve acute inflammatory responses; in the arteries it promotes endothelial dysfunction, lipid retention, and plaque progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Inflammaging is a key mechanism linking age to atherosclerosis and a potential target for future preventive therapies.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-does-age-affect-atherosclerosis-a-qa-explainer\/\">Read: How Does Age Affect Atherosclerosis? A Q&#038;A Explainer<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"inflammation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Inflammation is your immune system&#039;s response to injury or something it treats as an invader. It brings swelling, heat, and cleanup cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In arteries, inflammation starts because cholesterol particles got trapped in the wall. It then makes everything worse \u2014 thinning the plaque&#039;s protective cap and enlarging its greasy core. It is a powerful accelerator, but it is not the spark.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"inherited-hazard-coefficient-ihc\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vererbter Gefahrenkoeffizient<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Inherited Hazard Coefficient is a proprietary quantitative formula (H = \u03a3(R \u00d7 W) \/ A) that weights each family member&#039;s cardiac event by degree of biological relationship, severity of the event, and age at which it occurred, producing a single numerical index of a person&#039;s inherited cardiac risk load.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the core calculation behind the app and represents a more granular alternative to the simple yes\/no family-history checkbox used by standard risk tools.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"insulin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Insulin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Insulin ist ein Hormon, das von Ihrer Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse produziert wird. Seine Hauptaufgabe besteht darin, Zucker aus dem Blut in die Zellen zu transportieren, wo er als Energielieferant dient.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>You cannot live without it. Trouble starts either when your body stops making enough of it, or when your cells stop listening to it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#glucose\">Glucose<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#prediabetes\">Prediabetes<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"insulin-resistance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Insulinresistenz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Unter Insulinresistenz versteht man, dass Ihre Zellen nicht mehr richtig auf Insulin reagieren, sodass Ihre Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse immer mehr davon aussch\u00fctten muss, um dieselbe Aufgabe zu erf\u00fcllen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It usually shows up years before blood sugar rises enough to be called diabetes. It also scrambles your cholesterol particles \u2014 making them smaller and more numerous \u2014 so your LDL number can look fine while your actual particle count is high.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob-discordance\">ApoB Discordance<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#small-dense-ldl\">Kleine dichte LDL<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"insulin-sensitivity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Insulinempfindlichkeit beschreibt, wie gut Ihre Zellen auf Insulin reagieren. Sie ist das Gegenteil von Insulinresistenz.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Better sensitivity means lower insulin levels, better blood sugar, and lower triglycerides. Exercise improves it within a single session, which is one reason activity helps even before any weight is lost.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aerobic-exercise\">Aerobik<\/a><a href=\"#insulin\">Insulin<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-health\">Metabolic Health<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intensive-lifestyle-modification-ilm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intensive Lebensstil\u00e4nderung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A structured, multi-component therapeutic program combining a whole-food, plant-based diet very low in fat and sugar, regular moderate exercise, formal stress management, and strong social support; the article identifies ILM\u2014modeled on the Ornish Lifestyle Medicine Program\u2014as the sustained intervention responsible for the multi-vessel regression documented in the Megdal Serial Angiogram.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ILM is the specific &#039;prescription&#039; shown to reverse coronary blockages without drugs or surgery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intercostal-muscles\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intercostal Muscles<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The muscles between the ribs that drive chest expansion during breathing; at maximal aerobic effort they bear a significant share of the respiratory workload and can themselves become a source of fatigue.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When the intercostals fatigue during intense exercise, breathing efficiency drops and less oxygen reaches working muscles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interheart\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">INTERHEART<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>INTERHEART was a large international case-control study that compared risk factors in people who had had a first heart attack against matched controls across 52 countries. The article cites its finding that permanent general stress carried an odds ratio of 2.17 for myocardial infarction, with psychosocial factors together accounting for a population-attributable risk of roughly 32.5%.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>INTERHEART is one of the most frequently cited sources for stress-and-heart-attack statistics, so knowing its design helps you interpret those numbers correctly.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interleukin-1%ce%b2-il-1%ce%b2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pro-inflammatory protein released by activated macrophages after the NLRP3 inflammasome is triggered; it signals the liver to produce CRP and amplifies the inflammatory response within developing plaques.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a key link in the chain connecting plaque inflammation to measurable blood markers\u2014and is a direct target of drugs like colchicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interleukin-6-il-6\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Interleukin-6 (IL-6)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Signalprotein, das als Reaktion auf IL-1\u03b2 w\u00e4hrend einer Plaque-Entz\u00fcndung produziert wird, zur Leber wandert und dort die CRP-Produktion anregt; erh\u00f6hte zirkulierende IL-6-Spiegel spiegeln daher eine aktive vaskul\u00e4re Entz\u00fcndung wider.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its role as the trigger for CRP production means targeting the IL-6 pathway is a strategy for reducing residual cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intermittent-fasting\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intermittent Fasting<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Intermittent fasting is a dietary pattern that cycles between defined periods of eating and voluntary abstinence from calories; in the context of this article it is described alongside carbohydrate restriction as the approach Dr. Dayspring used to achieve significant weight loss and improve his metabolic laboratory markers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is presented as a practical lifestyle lever that can shift cardiovascular risk markers, making it relevant to readers considering non-pharmacological prevention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interstitial-fluid-if\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Interstitial Fluid (IF)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Interstitial fluid is the clear fluid occupying the spaces between cells in body tissues; researchers use its lipoprotein content as a window into vascular-wall biology, reasoning that particles crossing the endothelium without being trapped should appear in interstitial fluid, while trapped particles are absent from it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Studies showing 58% less ApoB in the interstitial fluid of people with diabetes provide direct human evidence that artery walls actively capture these particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interstitial-myocardial-fibrosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Interstitial Myocardial Fibrosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Interstitial myocardial fibrosis is the diffuse scarring and replacement of heart muscle cells with fibrous connective tissue throughout the myocardium; in chimpanzees, fatal cardiac events are caused by this process rather than by atheromatous plaque rupture, distinguishing their heart disease pattern from that of humans.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The fact that chimps die of fibrosis rather than plaque rupture, despite similar lipid profiles, highlights that human atherosclerosis may involve immune mechanisms beyond classical risk factors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"interventional-cardiologist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Interventional Cardiologist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An interventional cardiologist is a cardiologist with specialized training in catheter-based procedures such as coronary angiography, angioplasty, and stent placement. They differ from a medical (non-interventional) cardiologist, who focuses on diagnosis and drug-based management rather than procedural treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Patients benefit from understanding the difference between the physician who manages their medication and the one who performs procedures in the catheter laboratory.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intima\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intima<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Intima ist die innerste Schicht einer Arterienwand und liegt direkt unter der glatten Auskleidung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is where plaque actually forms. Not in the open channel where blood flows \u2014 inside the wall itself. Getting this straight changes how you picture the whole disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#artery\">Arterie<\/a><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#intima-media-thickness\">Intima-Media Thickness<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intima-media-thickness\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intima-Media Thickness<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Intima-Media-Dicke, kurz IMT, ist ein Ma\u00df daf\u00fcr, wie dick die inneren Schichten einer Arterie geworden sind, was normalerweise am Hals mittels Ultraschall gemessen wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Researchers like it because it is easy and harmless to measure repeatedly. Just be careful reading claims about it: a thinner measurement in a study is not the same thing as plaque shrinking in your heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carotid-artery\">Halsschlagader<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intimal-thickening\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intimal Thickening<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Intimal thickening is an early adaptive or pathological increase in the thickness of the innermost layer of an artery (the intima), which can reflect either normal developmental changes or the accumulation of smooth muscle cells, lipids, and inflammatory cells that precede overt plaque formation. It is measurable non-invasively by carotid intima-media thickness ultrasound.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Detecting intimal thickening offers a window into arterial aging years before a clinical event, giving time for preventive action.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intimal-xanthoma\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intimal Xanthoma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Intimal xanthoma is the histological term for what is commonly called a fatty streak\u2014the earliest true atherosclerotic lesion, in which apoB-containing lipoprotein particles are retained in the subendothelial matrix and engulfed by macrophages to form lipid-laden foam cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It marks the boundary between normal arterial adaptation and genuine disease, and its presence in fetal aortas shows how early atherosclerosis can begin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intracranial-atherosclerotic-disease-icad\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intrakranielle atherosklerotische Erkrankung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Intracranial atherosclerotic disease is the buildup of atherosclerotic plaque within the arteries inside the skull, narrowing vessels that supply brain tissue and contributing to stroke, chronic hypoperfusion, and cognitive impairment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ICAD is a key link in the article&#039;s proposed chain from ApoB-driven arterial disease to Alzheimer&#039;s, and longitudinal imaging studies show that baseline ICAD predicts subsequent amyloid and tau accumulation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intramyocellular-fat-intramyocellular-lipids\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intramyocellular Fat (Intramyocellular Lipids)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Triglyceride droplets stored inside skeletal muscle fibres; elevated intramyocellular fat is associated with impaired insulin signalling and is one mechanism by which high-fat diets may worsen insulin resistance in muscle tissue.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article notes that reducing intramyocellular and liver fat\u2014achievable with a high-fibre plant-based diet\u2014can improve insulin resistance without requiring ketosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intramyocellular-lipids\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intramyocellular Lipids<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fat droplets stored inside skeletal muscle cells; elevated intramyocellular lipid accumulation interferes with insulin signaling and is associated with insulin resistance even when blood glucose appears controlled on a low-carbohydrate diet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this mechanism explains why blood sugar can look normal on keto while underlying insulin resistance persists.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intraplaque-hemorrhage\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intraplaque Hemorrhage<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Intraplaque hemorrhage is bleeding inside a plaque, from the fragile little vessels that grew into it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Blood spilled inside a plaque dumps cholesterol-rich membrane straight into the core, and the plaque can grow suddenly rather than gradually. It is one route by which a modest plaque becomes a dangerous one quickly.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#neovascularization\">Neovascularization<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#vasa-vasorum\">Vasa Vasorum<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"intravascular-ultrasound\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Intravaskul\u00e4re Ultraschall, kurz IVUS, verwendet eine winzige Ultraschallsonde, die in eine Koronararterie eingef\u00fchrt wird, um die Wand von innen zu fotografieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the closest thing we have to seeing plaque directly in a living person. Studies using it are how we know that aggressive cholesterol lowering can genuinely shrink plaque, not just slow it down.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiac-catheterization\">Cardiac Catheterization<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#quantitative-coronary-angiography\">Quantitative Koronarangiographie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"inuit-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Inuit-Paradoxon<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Inuit Paradox was the widely cited but now largely discredited claim that Greenland Inuit populations had exceptionally low rates of ischemic heart disease despite a high-fat diet rich in marine mammals; subsequent analyses showed the low rates were artifacts of mortality misclassification, shorter lifespans, and high infectious disease burden rather than genuine cardiac protection.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The Inuit Paradox was used for decades to argue against the lipid hypothesis, so knowing why it was wrong matters for evaluating diet and heart health claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"invasive-angiogram-coronary-angiography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Invasive Angiogram (Coronary Angiography)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An invasive coronary angiogram is a catheter-based procedure in which a wire is threaded into the coronary arteries and radio-opaque dye is injected so that X-ray imaging can reveal the location and severity of arterial blockages. Unlike non-invasive coronary CT angiography, it requires arterial access and is performed in a cardiac catheterization laboratory.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the gold-standard test that confirmed the patient&#039;s diagnosis and led directly to stent placement; understanding the procedure helps patients know what to expect if it is recommended.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"invasive-angiography-gold-standard\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Invasive Angiography (Gold Standard)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A procedure in which a catheter is threaded through a blood vessel to the heart and contrast dye is injected directly into the coronary arteries, producing X-ray images of their interior; it is considered the reference standard against which non-invasive imaging tests are validated for detecting stenosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses it to explain why an AI AUC of 0.91 measures diagnostic accuracy against anatomy today, not prediction of future events.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"irisin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Irisin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Irisin ist ein Myokin, das w\u00e4hrend des Trainings aus der Skelettmuskulatur freigesetzt wird. Es f\u00f6rdert die Umwandlung von energiespeicherndem wei\u00dfem Fettgewebe in metabolisch aktives braunes Fettgewebe und steigert dadurch den Energieverbrauch. Der Artikel f\u00fchrt es als einen der wichtigsten chemischen Botenstoffe an, die Krafttraining mit systemischen Stoffwechselverbesserungen verkn\u00fcpfen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Irisin illustrates how muscle contraction sends beneficial signals to fat and metabolic tissue, helping explain heart-health benefits of strength training.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Isch\u00e4mie liegt vor, wenn ein Gewebe nicht gen\u00fcgend Blut und Sauerstoff f\u00fcr die Anforderungen erh\u00e4lt, die an es gestellt werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In the heart it may cause chest pressure or breathlessness \u2014 or nothing at all. Silent ischemia is common in very fit people and in people with diabetes, which is exactly what makes it dangerous.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angina\">Angina<\/a><a href=\"#collateral-circulation\">Collateral Circulation<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#stress-test\">Stress Test<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemia-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ISCHEMIA Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches randomized 5,179 patients with stable coronary artery disease and moderate-to-severe ischemia to an upfront invasive strategy or medical therapy alone, finding no significant difference in the primary composite cardiovascular endpoint.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It confirmed COURAGE&#039;s findings using modern drug-eluting stents and imaging technology, strengthening the case for medical therapy in stable disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemia-extend\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ISCHEMIA-EXTEND<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ISCHEMIA-EXTEND is the observational follow-up of the ISCHEMIA trial, tracking surviving participants for up to seven years; it found that an invasive strategy reduced cardiovascular mortality but increased non-cardiovascular deaths, leaving overall survival neutral between the two groups.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its nuanced finding\u2014that surgery shifted the cause of death rather than reducing total deaths\u2014is central to the article&#039;s argument that intervention is not a straightforward life-extender.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemic-heart-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ischemic Heart Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Zustand, bei dem eine verminderte Blutversorgung des Herzmuskels, meist infolge von Koronararterien-Atherosklerose, Symptome wie Angina pectoris oder einen Myokardinfarkt verursacht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the primary condition the diets discussed are claimed to prevent and reverse, so recognising the term clarifies what the research is measuring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemic-preconditioning\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ischemic Preconditioning<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ischemic preconditioning is a protective cellular response in which a brief, sublethal episode of myocardial ischemia renders the heart more resistant to injury from a subsequent, more prolonged ischemic episode, mediated partly through mitochondrial K-ATP channels and adenosine release. It is one mechanism explaining why warm-up angina can disappear as exercise continues.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps explain why an athlete&#039;s heart can seemingly &#039;adapt&#039; to early warning pain, masking a serious underlying problem.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ischemic-stroke\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Isch\u00e4mischer Schlaganfall<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein isch\u00e4mischer Schlaganfall tritt auf, wenn die Blutzufuhr zu einem Teil des Gehirns unterbrochen wird und das Gehirngewebe abstirbt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Warning signs come on suddenly: a drooping face, a weak arm, slurred speech, sudden vision or balance trouble. Every minute counts, so this is a call-911-immediately situation, not a wait-and-see one.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#carotid-artery\">Halsschlagader<\/a><a href=\"#stroke\">Schlaganfall<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-j\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">J<\/h2><article id=\"j-curve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">J-Curve<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A J-curve describes a pattern where risk is higher at both very high and very low values of something, with a sweet spot in the middle. Plotted on a graph it looks like the letter J.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It comes up most with blood pressure. Bringing very high pressure down clearly helps, but pushing it extremely low may not help everyone, especially older people with stiff arteries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#diastolic-blood-pressure\">Diastolic Blood Pressure<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"j-shaped-curve\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">J-Shaped Curve<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>J-Kurve des Alkoholkonsums.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this curve is central to evaluating whether moderate drinking is genuinely protective or a statistical artifact.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"jak2-mutation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">JAK2 Mutation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>JAK2 is a specific gene mutation that can drive clonal hematopoiesis; unlike the common CHIP mutations that roughly double cardiovascular risk, the JAK2 variant is associated with a much larger increase \u2014 sometimes cited as a 12-fold rise \u2014 making it an outlier within the broader CHIP category.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that JAK2 is an extreme outlier prevents misreading alarming statistics about CHIP risk as applying to everyone with the condition.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"jelis-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">JELIS Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large Japanese randomized trial that tested high-dose EPA supplementation in hypercholesterolemic patients on statins and found reductions in coronary events and stroke recurrence, providing early evidence for EPA-specific cardiovascular benefit.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>JELIS is cited alongside REDUCE-IT to support the idea that purified EPA has a genuine treatment effect independent of the mineral-oil placebo controversy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"job-strain\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Job Strain<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Job strain is a research construct that combines high psychological demands at work with low control over how that work is done, and is one of the most studied occupational stress exposures in cardiovascular epidemiology. The article reports that high job strain is associated with roughly a 20\u201330% higher risk of coronary heart disease or stroke.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives a precise, measurable definition to &#039;work stress,&#039; which is often used loosely in health reporting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"jupiter\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Jupiter<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>JUPITER tested a statin in people whose cholesterol was normal but whose CRP was elevated, suggesting hidden inflammation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Events dropped substantially, and the trial is a landmark in the argument that inflammation carries risk independent of cholesterol. Critics note the statin lowered both, so the two effects are hard to separate.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#primary-prevention\">Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"jupiter-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">JUPITER Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial enrolled individuals with &#039;normal&#039; LDL-C but elevated hs-CRP and showed that rosuvastatin significantly reduced cardiovascular events in this population, demonstrating that inflammatory risk exists and is clinically significant even when conventional cholesterol metrics appear acc\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>JUPITER revealed that millions of people thought to be low-risk based on LDL-C alone may still benefit from treatment because of hidden inflammatory burden.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-k\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">K<\/h2><article id=\"kandutsch-russell-pathway\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kandutsch\u2013Russell Pathway<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Kandutsch\u2013Russell pathway is an alternative post-lanosterol route to cholesterol that proceeds through 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and lathosterol, with the final step catalysed by DHCR7. Adult liver and kidney predominantly use a modified version of this pathway; deficiency of DHCR7 causes Smith\u2013Lemli\u2013Opitz syndrome due to toxic 7-DHC accumulation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The 7-DHC intermediate in this pathway is also the precursor to vitamin D\u2083 in skin, linking cholesterol biosynthesis to bone and cardiovascular health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"keto-cta\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">KETO-CTA<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>KETO-CTA ist eine Studie, in der mittels koronarer CT-Angiographie die Plaque-Belastung bei Personen mit ketogener Ern\u00e4hrung und deutlich erh\u00f6htem LDL-C-Spiegel untersucht wurde. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass trotz einer hohen Pr\u00e4valenz von CAC-Werten von Null das Volumen der nicht verkalkten (weichen) Plaques \u00fcber einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr um etwa 42% zunahm.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most direct imaging evidence used to argue that high LDL on a keto diet may still accelerate early plaque growth even in metabolically healthy people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ketogenic-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ketogenic Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine ketogene Ern\u00e4hrung ist sehr kohlenhydratarm und sehr fettreich, was den K\u00f6rper dazu bringt, Fett zu verbrennen und Ketonk\u00f6rper als Brennstoff zu produzieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It often improves weight, blood sugar, and triglycerides. But cholesterol responses vary enormously \u2014 some people barely change while others see their LDL and ApoB shoot up dramatically. Better blood sugar does not cancel out a large rise in harmful particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#carbohydrate\">Kohlenhydrat<\/a><a href=\"#lean-mass-hyper-responder\">Lean-Mass-Hyper-Responder<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"kidney-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nierenerkrankung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Nierenerkrankung bedeutet, dass die Nieren einen Teil ihrer F\u00e4higkeit verloren haben, Abfallstoffe aus Ihrem Blut zu filtern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It raises heart risk on its own, separately from anything else. Damaged kidneys drive up blood pressure, promote inflammation, and disturb the way calcium is handled in blood vessels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"kinetic-chemical-potential-buffer\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kinetic Chemical-Potential Buffer<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In der Lipoproteinphysiologie fungiert das Plasmalipoproteinsystem als kinetischer Puffer f\u00fcr das chemische Potential, indem es das freie Cholesterol auf den Partikeloberfl\u00e4chen in einem kontinuierlichen thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht mit den umliegenden Zellmembranen h\u00e4lt und so kurzfristige Schwankungen der lokalen Gewebeversorgung ausgleicht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This function, rather than directed delivery, is one reason some cholesterol must circulate\u2014but it requires far less than modern average plasma levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"klf2-signaling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">KLF2 Signaling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A flow-sensitive transcription factor (Kr\u00fcppel-like Factor 2) activated in endothelial cells by laminar shear stress during exercise; it promotes an anti-atherogenic gene expression profile, including upregulation of eNOS and suppression of inflammatory adhesion molecules.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It provides one molecular explanation for how exercise protects arteries at the gene-expression level, beyond just mechanical effects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"kringle-iv-type-2-kiv2-repeats\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kringle IV Type 2 (KIV2) Repeats<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Looped protein domains within apolipoprotein(a) whose copy number varies widely between individuals; people with fewer KIV2 repeats produce smaller apo(a) isoforms and tend to have higher plasma Lp(a) concentrations, accounting for much of the inherited variability in Lp(a) levels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This structural feature explains why Lp(a) levels differ so dramatically between people and why lifestyle changes cannot meaningfully lower them.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-l\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">L<\/h2><article id=\"l-carnitine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">L-Carnitin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>L-carnitine is a compound abundant in red meat that plays a role in fatty acid transport into mitochondria; gut bacteria can convert it through several steps\u2014including the intermediate \u03b3-butyrobetaine\u2014into TMA and ultimately TMAO. The article cites it as the other major dietary precursor studied in TMAO research.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why red meat specifically, and not just eggs or dairy, is targeted in TMAO research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"l-methylfolate-5-mthf-5-methyltetrahydrofolate\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">L-Methylfolate (5-MTHF, 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The biologically active form of folate that serves as the methyl donor in the remethylation of homocysteine back to methionine; unlike standard folic acid, it does not require enzymatic conversion and can be used directly by the body regardless of MTHFR genotype.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what makes a B-vitamin supplement &#039;active&#039; helps you evaluate whether paying more for it is justified.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lap-time-velodrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lap Time (Velodrome)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The time taken to complete one circuit of the velodrome track\u2014250 meters in this case\u2014used by the athlete and coach as real-time feedback to regulate pacing during an event where no electronic displays are permitted.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Lap-time monitoring is the sole pacing tool available during the hour record, directly governing how hard the cardiovascular system is driven over 60 minutes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"laplaces-law\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Laplace&#039;s Law<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Laplace&#039;s Law states that wall tension in a hollow vessel equals the product of internal pressure and radius divided by wall thickness; in an aneurysm, both the enlarged radius and the thinned wall amplify mechanical tension with every heartbeat and every exercise-induced rise in blood pressure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This law explains physically why an aneurysm grows more dangerous as it enlarges and why blood pressure control during exercise is so important.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lat1-slc7a5\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LAT1\/SLC7A5<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LAT1 (encoded by the gene SLC7A5) is a leucine transporter protein on the cell surface that shuttles leucine and other large neutral amino acids into the cell; many cancer cells overexpress it to secure a continuous leucine supply that keeps mTORC1 constitutively active and supports rapid tumor growth. Its overexpression is cited in the article as evidence that leucine plays a context-dependent r\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the molecular mechanism that links leucine availability to cancer cell survival, helping explain why leucine&#039;s effects depend heavily on whether a tumor is already present.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"late-gadolinium-enhancement\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Late Gadolinium Enhancement<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is a cardiac MRI technique in which a contrast agent accumulates in areas of scarred or fibrotic myocardium and appears bright on delayed imaging, indicating previous microscopic or clinical cardiac injury; 12\u201314% of masters athletes in the studies described showed this pattern, sometimes without any prior diagnosed heart attack.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reveals silent myocardial damage that standard stress tests or blood tests would miss, making it an important screening tool in aging athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"late-onset-hypogonadism\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Late-Onset Hypogonadism<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Late-onset hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome in aging men characterized by low bioavailable testosterone combined with specific symptoms\u2014particularly reduced sexual desire, poor morning erections, and erectile dysfunction\u2014arising from a combination of declining testicular Leydig cell function and rising SHBG.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this syndrome explains why some older men feel androgen-deficient even when their total testosterone appears normal.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lauric-acid-c120\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lauric Acid (C12:0)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A 12-carbon saturated fatty acid that constitutes roughly 45\u201353% of coconut oil&#039;s total fatty acids; although sometimes classified as a medium-chain fatty acid, it behaves metabolically more like a long-chain saturated fat, is partly transported via the lymphatic system in chylomicrons, and is among the most potent dietary raisers of LDL-cholesterol when substituted isocalorically for unsaturated\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding where lauric acid sits between true MCTs and long-chain fats is central to evaluating coconut oil&#039;s cardiovascular claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lcat-lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LCAT (Lecithin\u2013Cholesterol Acyltransferase)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LCAT is the plasma enzyme responsible for esterifying free cholesterol on HDL particles, converting it to cholesteryl ester and maintaining the roughly 70% esterified \/ 30% free ratio normally seen in plasma.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dysfunction of LCAT disrupts cholesterol partitioning in the blood and is associated with HDL deficiency and kidney disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL oder Low-Density-Lipoprotein ist das Hauptpartikel, das Cholesterin durch Ihr Blut transportiert \u2013 und das Hauptpartikel, das in den Arterienw\u00e4nden stecken bleibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Be careful with the word. Sometimes LDL means the particles themselves, and sometimes it means the cholesterol inside them. Those are different things, and confusing them is behind a lot of misleading lab results.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-particle-number\">LDL Particle Number<\/a><a href=\"#lipoprotein\">Lipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#small-dense-ldl\">Kleine dichte LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-apheresis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Apheresis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL apheresis is a treatment that filters harmful cholesterol particles directly out of the blood, using a machine similar to dialysis. It is usually done every week or two.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is reserved for people with severe inherited cholesterol conditions who cannot get low enough on medication alone. The effect is dramatic but temporary, since the liver keeps producing more.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL-Cholesterin, oder LDL-C, ist die Menge an Cholesterin, die sich in Ihren LDL-Partikeln befindet. Es ist der Wert auf fast jedem Standard-Laborbericht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Here is the catch: it measures cargo, not vehicles. Two people with identical LDL-C can be carrying very different numbers of particles. The one with more particles has more risk, and the standard panel won&#039;t tell them.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#apob-discordance\">ApoB Discordance<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#non-hdl-cholesterol\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#total-cholesterol\">Gesamtcholesterin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-particle-number\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Particle Number<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL particle number counts how many LDL particles are circulating, rather than how much cholesterol they contain.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It catches people whose cholesterol looks acceptable but who are carrying a large number of relatively empty particles. ApoB does much the same job and is cheaper and more widely available.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#small-dense-ldl\">Kleine dichte LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-receptor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Receptor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der LDL-Rezeptor ist eine Andockstelle auf Leberzellen, die LDL-Partikel aus dem Blut greift und sie zur Zersetzung hineinzieht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The more of these ports you have working, the cleaner your blood stays. Statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, and inclisiran all end up doing the same basic thing: increasing the number of working receptors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-receptor-ldlr-recycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Receptor (LDLR) Recycling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which LDL receptors on liver cell surfaces bind and internalize ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles, then return to the cell surface to capture more particles; PCSK9 normally tags these receptors for destruction after endocytosis, and blocking PCSK9 allows receptors to recycle repeatedly, dramatically increasing LDL clearance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>LDLR recycling is the molecular reason why PCSK9 inhibitors and inclisiran are so potent\u2014they effectively multiply the liver&#039;s ability to remove atherogenic particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-receptor-saturation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Receptor Saturation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL receptor saturation occurs when the number of circulating ApoB-containing particles exceeds the clearance capacity of LDL receptors on liver and other cells; once receptors are fully occupied, additional particles remain in the bloodstream longer and are more likely to enter and be retained in the arterial wall, accelerating plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Saturation is the mechanistic reason why extremely high cholesterol overwhelms even a healthy body&#039;s defenses, regardless of overall metabolic fitness.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-target\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL Target<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A specific numerical goal for LDL cholesterol concentration that a clinician aims to achieve through diet, lifestyle, or medication; targets are set based on a patient&#039;s overall cardiovascular risk, with higher-risk patients typically assigned lower targets.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that treatment is driven by a personalized goal \u2014 not a one-size number \u2014 helps readers engage meaningfully with their own lipid results.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-c-ldl-cholesterol-mass\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL-C (LDL Cholesterol Mass)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL-C measures the total mass of cholesterol carried inside LDL particles per unit volume of blood, not the number of particles themselves; it is the traditional surrogate used in standard lipid panels but can underestimate cardiovascular risk when LDL particles are small and cholesterol-depleted, causing ApoB and LDL-C to diverge.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what LDL-C actually measures\u2014and what it misses\u2014explains why your standard cholesterol test may not tell the whole story.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-c-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL-C-Years<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL-C-years is a cumulative exposure metric that multiplies a person&#039;s LDL cholesterol level by the number of years they have carried it, capturing lifetime arterial burden rather than a single snapshot; a threshold of roughly 5,000 mg\/dL-years is used to identify the point at which clinically significant plaque risk accumulates.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reframes cholesterol risk as a running total rather than a one-time reading, showing why high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s still matters decades later.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-c-apob-discordance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL-C\/ApoB-Diskordanz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A clinical pattern in which a patient&#039;s measured LDL cholesterol mass appears acceptable while the ApoB particle count is elevated, indicating more atherogenic particles than the cholesterol number alone would suggest; common in metabolic syndrome and hypertriglyceridemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing discordance is why physicians increasingly measure ApoB alongside LDL-C rather than relying on LDL-C alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldl-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDL-Years<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDL-years is a cumulative exposure metric defined as the area under the LDL-cholesterol-versus-age curve, representing the total cholesterol cargo delivered to the artery wall over a lifetime; it has the most mature longitudinal validation of any cumulative lipid metric and predicts cardiovascular events independently of midlife LDL-C.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates that the same LDL level carries very different risk depending on how long a person has carried it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldlr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDLR<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDLR ist das Gen, das den LDL-Rezeptor bildet, die Andockstelle, die Ihre Leber nutzt, um Cholesterinteilchen aus dem Blutkreislauf zu ziehen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Faults in this gene are the most common cause of familial hypercholesterolemia. How much working receptor a person can build largely determines how high their cholesterol runs from birth.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldlr-deficient-mice\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDLR-Deficient Mice<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A well-established animal model of atherosclerosis in which the gene encoding the LDL receptor is knocked out, causing cholesterol-rich lipoproteins to accumulate in the blood and accelerate plaque formation; widely used to test how environmental exposures affect cardiovascular disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the model helps readers judge how directly the mouse findings translate to human biology.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ldlrap1-autosomal-recessive-hypercholesterolemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LDLRAP1 (Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LDLRAP1 encodes an adaptor protein required for the internalization of the LDL receptor\u2013LDL complex into liver cells; biallelic loss-of-function variants cause autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH), a form of HoFH in which the receptor can bind LDL but cannot pull it inside the cell, generally producing a somewhat milder phenotype than null LDLR mutations.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ARH illustrates that HoFH can arise from defects at different steps in the LDL clearance pathway, with implications for prognosis and treatment response.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lean-mass\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lean Mass<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Anteil des K\u00f6rpergewichts, der auf Muskeln, Knochen und Organe statt auf Fett entf\u00e4llt; eine h\u00f6here Magermasse ist mit einer besseren metabolischen Gesundheit verbunden und wird im Artikel als ein vorgelagerter genetischer Treiber sowohl f\u00fcr die VO\u2082 max als auch f\u00fcr die Langlebigkeit identifiziert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article positions lean mass as a root cause of longevity rather than VO\u2082 max itself, making it central to its causal argument.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lean-mass-hyper-responder\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lean-Mass-Hyper-Responder<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A lean mass hyper-responder is someone lean and athletic whose LDL cholesterol rises enormously on a low-carbohydrate diet \u2014 sometimes to levels normally seen only in inherited disorders.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Supporters argue that in a metabolically healthy person this pattern may be harmless. That claim has not been tested against hard outcomes like heart attacks, so it remains an open question rather than a settled one.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#ketogenic-diet\">Ketogenic Diet<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-health\">Metabolic Health<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lecanemab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lecanemab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lecanemab is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody approved for early Alzheimer&#039;s disease that reduces amyloid-beta plaques in the brain and modestly slows cognitive decline, but carries risks of brain swelling and bleeding.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents the current frontier of amyloid-targeting therapy and illustrates both the promise and limits of treating Alzheimer&#039;s by clearing amyloid alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"left-anterior-descending-artery-lad\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The left anterior descending artery is the largest branch of the left coronary artery and supplies blood to the front and lower-left wall of the heart; it is the vessel most commonly affected by significant atherosclerosis. Its sharp take-off angle creates disturbed, turbulent blood flow that promotes preferential plaque deposition at that site.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because the LAD feeds so much of the heart, disease here is a leading cause of serious heart attacks\u2014understanding why it is vulnerable helps explain the geography of coronary disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"left-atrial-enlargement\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Left Atrial Enlargement<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Strukturelle Erweiterung des linken Vorhofs des Herzens, die mit chronischem Alkoholkonsum einhergeht; der vergr\u00f6\u00dferte und umgebauten Vorhof entwickelt niedervoltrige Zonen (fibrotische Areale), die als Substrate dienen und so permanentes Vorhofflimmern aufrechterhalten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why long-term drinking can make atrial fibrillation harder to treat, even after stopping alcohol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"left-ventricular-compliance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Left Ventricular Compliance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The ability of the left ventricle to expand and fill with blood at low pressure during diastole; reduced compliance\u2014caused by myocardial stiffness or fibrosis\u2014means the heart must generate higher pressures to fill, impairing its pumping efficiency.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Restoring left ventricular compliance is the central target of the exercise protocols described in this article for reversing sedentary heart aging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"left-ventricular-ejection-fraction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The percentage of blood pumped out of the heart&#039;s main pumping chamber with each beat; a normal value is 55 percent or above, and a rising ejection fraction after heart disease is a measurable sign of cardiac recovery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most widely used clinical index of how well a damaged heart is recovering its pumping function.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"left-ventricular-hypertrophy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Left Ventricular Hypertrophy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pathological thickening of the muscular wall of the left ventricle, most commonly caused by sustained high blood pressure forcing the heart to work harder; even after blood pressure is normalized, some degree of structural hypertrophy may persist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is cited in the article as another example of how structural remodeling can outlast the active disease driving it, reinforcing the cure-versus-scar framework.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lens-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LENS Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The LENS trial (2024) was a randomized controlled trial providing landmark evidence that fenofibrate, a drug that lowers triglyceride-rich ApoB-containing particles, slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key clinical trial linking ApoB-targeted therapy to preservation of eye health in people with diabetes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"leptin-resistance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Leptin Resistance<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Leptin resistance is a state in which the brain fails to respond normally to leptin \u2014 the adipose-derived hormone that suppresses appetite and promotes energy expenditure \u2014 despite elevated circulating levels; in obesity it is partly mediated by increased expression of the suppressor protein SOCS3, which blunts the JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Leptin resistance helps explain why obesity is self-reinforcing: the hormonal signal telling the brain to stop eating loses its effect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lesion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lesion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In der Kardiologie bezeichnet eine L\u00e4sion einen umschriebenen Bereich atherosklerotischer Plaque, der eine Koronararterie verengt und typischerweise durch den Prozentsatz der Lumenobstruktion beschrieben wird, die er verursacht. Der Artikel beschreibt vier Rests L\u00e4sionen, deren Gef\u00e4\u00dfdurchmesser zu gering ist, um nach der Behandlung der kritischsten L\u00e4sion einen Stent aufzunehmen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The term appears frequently in cardiology reports and office notes, and understanding it helps patients interpret their own diagnosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"leucine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Leucin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Leucine is one of the building blocks of protein, and the one that acts as a switch telling muscle to start rebuilding itself.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Older muscle needs a bigger push on that switch than young muscle does. That is why protein advice for a 70-year-old athlete looks different from advice for a 25-year-old.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#anabolic-resistance\">Anabolic Resistance<\/a><a href=\"#protein\">Protein<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"leukocyte-adhesion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Leukocyte Adhesion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which white blood cells attach to the endothelial surface of blood vessels, a key early step in atherogenesis; nitric oxide and an intact glycocalyx normally suppress this adhesion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Reducing leukocyte adhesion is one of the ways a healthy endothelium prevents new plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"leydig-cells\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Leydig Cells<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Leydig cells are the testosterone-producing cells located in the testes; with aging their number declines and their steroidogenic capacity falls, contributing to the gradual reduction in testosterone production seen in older men.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These cells are the primary source of male testosterone, so their decline is a root cause of age-related androgen deficiency.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lifes-simple-7\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Life&#039;s Simple 7<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Life&#039;s Simple 7 is a cardiovascular health framework defined by the American Heart Association comprising seven modifiable factors: blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, physical activity, diet, body weight, and smoking status. It is used in research to score overall cardiovascular health and to assess concordance of health behaviors between individuals or couples.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The framework was used to show that couples share nearly identical health behaviors, providing context for how much individual exercise choices still matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lifestyle-heart-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lifestyle Heart Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Lifestyle Heart Trial, led by Dean Ornish, was a small randomized study testing an intensive lifestyle intervention \u2014 very low-fat plant-based diet, exercise, stress management, and group support \u2014 using serial coronary angiography; the intervention group&#039;s measured arterial narrowing improved slightly while controls worsened, but technical limitations of angiography, reference-segment narrow\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is frequently cited as proof that lifestyle reverses heart disease, but its methodological limitations mean the evidence is weaker than often claimed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lifestyle-medicine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lebensstilmedizin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lifestyle medicine uses everyday behavior \u2014 food, movement, sleep, stress, not smoking \u2014 to prevent and treat disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These changes are genuinely powerful and improve almost every measure of health. What they usually cannot do on their own is fully correct severe inherited cholesterol problems or erase decades of accumulated damage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aerobic-exercise\">Aerobik<\/a><a href=\"#plant-based-diet\">Plant-Based Diet<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"linoleic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Linoleic Acid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Linoleic acid is the main polyunsaturated fat in seed oils such as soybean, sunflower, and corn oil. Your body cannot make it, so you must get it from food.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Replacing saturated fat with it reliably lowers LDL cholesterol. Claims that it causes inflammation have circulated widely online but have held up poorly when actually tested in people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#polyunsaturated-fat\">Polyunsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#seed-oils\">Samen\u00f6le<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-core\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Core<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The lipid core is the soft, greasy center of a plaque, made of cholesterol and the debris of dead immune cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A big core under a thin cap is the dangerous combination. Strong cholesterol treatment shrinks that core and thickens the cap, which is why plaques can become much safer even when they don&#039;t get much smaller.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-energy-model-lem\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid-Energie-Modell (LEM)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Lipid Energy Model proposes that in lean, insulin-sensitive individuals with low hepatic glycogen\u2014such as those on ketogenic diets\u2014the liver upregulates VLDL export to supply fat fuel to peripheral tissues, causing LDL-C to rise as a downstream consequence of efficient energy metabolism rather than as a sign of classical dyslipidemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this model is essential for evaluating whether high LDL on a low-carb diet carries the same heart risk as high LDL from other causes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-lowering\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Lowering<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipidsenkung bedeutet die Reduzierung der sch\u00e4dlichen, ApoB-haltigen Partikel in Ihrem Blut \u2013 durch Ern\u00e4hrung, Medikamente oder beides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>How much benefit you get depends on three things: how far the particles come down, how early you start, and how long you keep it up. Starting earlier is worth more than most people assume.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Paradox<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The lipid paradox refers to the observation in people in their 80s and 90s that the usual positive association between LDL cholesterol and heart disease weakens or even reverses, an apparent anomaly explained by reverse causation from illness lowering cholesterol, survivorship selection, and competing causes of death rather than any change in LDL&#039;s underlying biology.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The lipid paradox is frequently misread online as evidence that cholesterol does not matter in old age; understanding its causes prevents that misinterpretation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-peroxidation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Peroxidation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipid peroxidation is a chain reaction in which reactive oxygen species attack the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids, breaking them down into potentially harmful oxidation products; polyunsaturated fats in seed oils are more susceptible to this process than saturated or monounsaturated fats, particularly under heat or repeated frying.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why cooking practices and oil storage matter, and why high-oleic versions of seed oils are considered more stable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-profile\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Profile<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A blood test panel that measures total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, used to assess cardiovascular risk and monitor the effect of dietary or drug interventions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Dietary programs are often judged partly by how much they improve lipid profiles, making this a key outcome measure in the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-rafts\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Rafts<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipid rafts are cholesterol-enriched microdomains within cell membranes that act as organized platforms for receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein-coupled receptors, and other signalling molecules. Their integrity depends on adequate membrane cholesterol, underscoring why cholesterol is maintained as a structural asset rather than a fuel source.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Disruption of lipid raft organization is implicated in impaired endothelial signalling and may contribute to vascular dysfunction in atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-tracking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid Tracking<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The tendency for an individual&#039;s lipid concentrations to maintain their relative rank within a population over time, so that a child with high LDL-C is likely to remain relatively high as an adult; documented from infancy through adulthood in longitudinal studies such as the Bogalusa Heart Study and Young Finns Study.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It means early cholesterol measurements in children are genuinely predictive of adult cardiovascular risk\u2014not just a snapshot.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-core-burden-index-lcbi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid-Core Burden Index (LCBI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement that quantifies the lipid content within a coronary plaque segment; reductions in LCBI under intensive therapy indicate that the plaque&#039;s vulnerable, lipid-rich core is shrinking.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives clinicians a way to confirm that a plaque is becoming more stable even when lumen size on angiography appears unchanged.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-rich-necrotic-core\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipidreicher nekrotischer Kern<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der lipidreiche nekrotische Kern ist das weiche, mit Fett und Entz\u00fcndungszellen gef\u00fcllte Innere einer fortgeschrittenen atherosklerotischen Plaque; er ist der am st\u00e4rksten zu Rupturen neigende Bereich und derjenige, der am besten auf eine Lipidsenkung anspricht, die ihn schrumpfen und stabilisieren kann, selbst wenn umgebendes verkalktes Gewebe unver\u00e4ndert bleibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the part of plaque most directly linked to heart attack risk and most modifiable by diet and medication.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipid-rich-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipid-Rich Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine atherosklerotische L\u00e4sion, deren Kern von Cholesterinestern und entz\u00fcndlichen Lipiden statt von Kalzium oder fibr\u00f6sem Gewebe dominiert wird; der Artikel weist darauf hin, dass solche Plaques hochgradig auf eine intensive Behandlung ansprechen und dass die drastische Regression um 65 Prozentpunkte am Abgang des Diagonalastes mit der R\u00fcckbildung einer lipidreichen L\u00e4sion vereinbar ist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Lipid-rich plaques are the most rupture-prone but also the most reversible, making them the prime target for lifestyle therapy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipidome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipidome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The lipidome is the complete set of lipids present in a biological system, such as a cell, tissue, or organism; the brain has a particularly large and complex lipidome because lipids are essential to the structure and function of neuronal membranes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the term helps you understand why the body&#039;s cholesterol needs go far beyond diet alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipoprotein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipoprotein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A lipoprotein is a tiny package that carries fat and cholesterol through your bloodstream. Since fat won&#039;t dissolve in water, it needs a protein wrapper to travel.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>There are several kinds \u2014 chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL, and Lp(a). Which ones you have too many of matters more than your total cholesterol number.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apolipoprotein\">Apolipoprotein<\/a><a href=\"#chylomicron\">Chylomicron<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipoprotein-lipase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipoprotein Lipase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipoproteinlipase ist ein Enzym, das an den W\u00e4nden kleiner Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe verankert ist, Triglyceride aus vorbeiziehenden Partikeln herausl\u00f6st und das Fett an Muskel- und Fettgewebe \u00fcbergibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When it works poorly, triglyceride-rich particles linger in the blood and turn into the remnants that lodge in artery walls. Several proteins your body makes, including ApoC-III and ANGPTL3, exist to throttle it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angptl3\">ANGPTL3<\/a><a href=\"#apoc3\">APOC3<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipoprotein-associated-phospholipase-a2-lp-pla2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is an enzyme carried on LDL particles that generates pro-inflammatory lipid mediators within atherosclerotic plaques; elevated circulating levels are associated with plaque vulnerability and increased risk of plaque rupture, independent of standard cholesterol measurements.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It adds information about plaque instability that ordinary cholesterol tests cannot provide, helping identify people at risk of a sudden heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipoproteina\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipoprotein(a), written Lp(a) and said &quot;L-P-little-a,&quot; is an LDL-like particle with an extra sticky protein attached.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Your level is set almost entirely by genetics \u2014 diet and exercise barely budge it. A high level raises the risk of heart attack, stroke, and narrowed aortic valves. Every adult should have it checked at least once, since one test answers the question for life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lipoproteina-lpa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lipoprotein(a) \u2014 Lp(a)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lipoprotein(a), abbreviated Lp(a), is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle consisting of an LDL-like core with an additional protein called apolipoprotein(a) covalently attached, which makes the particle particularly pro-atherogenic and pro-thrombotic. It is present at elevated levels in roughly one in five people worldwide and is not captured by standard cholesterol panels; a single ded\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Elevated Lp(a) is an independent, inherited risk factor that standard lipid tests miss entirely, so knowing your level can reveal hidden cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"liver-x-receptor-lxr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Leber-X-Rezeptor (LXR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Liver X Receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor activated by oxysterols \u2014 oxidised derivatives of cholesterol \u2014 that induces expression of cholesterol exporters such as ABCA1 and ABCG1, promoting the removal of excess intracellular cholesterol toward HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is part of the cell&#039;s safety valve against cholesterol overload, helping explain how the body actively manages \u2014 rather than simply accumulates \u2014 cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lodoco2-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LoDoCo2 Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LoDoCo2 was a randomized trial of low-dose colchicine (0.5 mg daily) in patients with stable coronary artery disease that found a 31% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events compared with placebo, extending the anti-inflammatory benefit of colchicine beyond the acute post-heart-attack period.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reinforces that chronic, low-grade inflammation in stable coronary disease is a treatable risk factor separate from cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"loeys-dietz-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Loeys-Dietz Syndrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a heritable connective-tissue disorder caused by mutations in TGF-\u03b2 receptors or their downstream effectors (SMAD2, SMAD3), producing paradoxical overactivation of TGF-\u03b2 signaling that drives disorganized fibrosis and progressive structural failure of the aortic root, often at early ages.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Like Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome markedly raises the risk of aortic dissection in young active individuals and requires tailored athletic restriction.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"log-linear-relationship\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Log-Linear Relationship<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A log-linear relationship between LDL-C and cardiovascular risk means that each successive equal reduction in LDL-C produces a proportionally consistent percentage reduction in heart events, with no threshold below which further lowering stops being beneficial\u2014supporting the &#039;lower is better&#039; principle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This relationship is the clinical basis for aggressive LDL-lowering targets in high-risk patients.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lomitapide\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lomitapid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Lomitapide is an oral drug that inhibits microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) inside liver cells, blocking the assembly and secretion of VLDL and LDL particles at the source; because it works upstream of the LDL receptor, it can lower circulating LDL-C in HoFH patients even when the receptor is completely non-functional.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Lomitapide represents a receptor-independent strategy that finally gave HoFH patients a way to reduce cholesterol when statins and other receptor-dependent drugs failed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"long-qt-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Long QT Syndrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Long QT syndrome is an inherited or acquired channelopathy characterized by abnormal prolongation of the heart&#039;s electrical recovery phase \u2014 the QT interval on an ECG \u2014 that predisposes to a specific form of ventricular tachycardia called torsades de pointes and sudden death; female sex is a risk factor for events after puberty.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the most common inherited arrhythmia syndromes detectable by ECG, and identifying it in a young athlete can be life-saving.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"longevity-markers\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Longevity Markers<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Physiological or biochemical measurements \u2014 such as VO\u2082 max, inflammatory biomarkers, and plaque burden \u2014 that are associated with longer healthy lifespan and are tracked to gauge whether lifestyle or therapeutic interventions are having a favourable effect.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing which measurable signals predict long-term survival helps readers focus on the outcomes that matter most.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"longitudinal-disease-monitoring\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Longitudinal Disease Monitoring<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A care model in which a patient&#039;s atherosclerotic disease is tracked through serial quantitative imaging over months or years, allowing clinicians to detect progression, regression, or plaque stabilization in response to therapy rather than relying on a single snapshot evaluation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article contrasts this approach with traditional episodic care and presents it as the clinical future enabled by AI-QCT.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"longitudinal-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">L\u00e4ngsschnittstudie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A research design that follows the same individuals over an extended period to observe how exposures or traits at one time point relate to outcomes\u2014such as mortality\u2014years or decades later.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article relies on longitudinal data to show that improving fitness over time, not just having a high baseline value, reduces mortality.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"loss-of-function-lof-mutation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Loss-of-Function (LOF) Mutation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A loss-of-function mutation is a genetic variant that reduces or eliminates the activity of a protein; in the context of this article, PCSK9 loss-of-function homozygotes have plasma total cholesterol as low as 80 mg\/dL yet survive normally, providing human evidence that very low circulating cholesterol is physiologically tolerable.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These rare individuals demonstrate that the body&#039;s true circulating cholesterol requirement is far below average population levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"loss-of-function-lof-variant-pcsk9\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Loss-of-Function (LOF) Variant \u2014 PCSK9<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A PCSK9 loss-of-function variant is a naturally occurring DNA mutation that reduces or eliminates the activity of PCSK9, a protein that normally degrades LDL receptors on liver cells; with less PCSK9, more receptors remain on the cell surface to clear LDL from the bloodstream, producing lifelong ultra-low LDL-C. In large cohort studies, PCSK9 LOF carriers show dramatically lower rates of coronary\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the clearest genetic proofs that humans can live healthily with very low LDL from birth, informing the design of PCSK9-inhibitor drugs.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"loss-of-function-allele\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Loss-of-Function Allele<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Loss-of-Function-Allel ist eine DNA-Variante, die die normale Aktivit\u00e4t des durch dieses Gen kodierten Proteins teilweise oder vollst\u00e4ndig aufhebt; in der kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Genetik haben Individuen, die mit Loss-of-Function-Allelen in Genen wie PCSK9 oder APOC3 geboren wurden, lebenslang von Natur aus niedrigere Spiegel atherogener Lipoproteine, was jahrzehntelange Evidenz zur Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit der Blockierung dieser...<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These natural &#039;off-switches&#039; in human DNA are the strongest evidence we have that targeting a specific protein will lower heart disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"loss-of-function-variants-pcsk9\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Loss-of-Function Variants \u2014 PCSK9<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Loss-of-function variants in PCSK9 are inherited mutations that reduce or abolish the protein&#039;s ability to degrade hepatic LDL receptors, allowing those receptors to continue clearing LDL from the bloodstream, thereby lowering LDL-C and coronary heart disease risk from birth.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These variants demonstrate that decades of lower LDL exposure \u2014 not just acute treatment \u2014 produces disproportionately large reductions in heart disease risk, reinforcing the importance of cumulative ApoB exposure over a lifetime.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"low-attenuation-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Low-Attenuation Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Low-attenuation plaque is the very darkest, fattiest plaque on a CT scan \u2014 soft enough that X-rays pass through it easily.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Of everything a scan can measure, the amount of this material has turned out to be among the strongest predictors of a future heart attack, outperforming both calcium score and percentage narrowing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-core\">Lipid Core<\/a><a href=\"#non-calcified-plaque\">Nicht verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"low-carbohydrate-diet-mortality-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Low-Carbohydrate Diet Mortality Risk<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An epidemiological finding from a large Lancet Public Health meta-analysis (Seidelmann et al., 2018) showing that both very low (70%) carbohydrate intakes were associated with increased mortality, with the highest risk when carbohydrates were replaced by animal-derived protein and fat rather than plant-based sources.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This U-shaped relationship challenges the assumption that carbohydrate restriction is unconditionally beneficial for long-term survival.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"low-density-non-calcified-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Low-Density Non-Calcified Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Art Koronarplaque mit geringer R\u00f6ntgenschw\u00e4chung in der CT, die einem lipidreichen, weichen Kern entspricht, der noch nicht verkalkt ist; diese Morphologie ist mit einem h\u00f6heren Risiko f\u00fcr eine Ruptur und akute Koronarsyndrome verbunden als eine fibr\u00f6se oder verkalkte Plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article explains that most heart attacks arise from exactly this type of lesion, which standard calcium scoring cannot detect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Low-Fat Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A low-fat whole food plant-based diet excludes all animal products (meat, dairy, eggs) and added oils, deriving calories almost entirely from minimally processed grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits. It is the dietary pattern associated with the work of Caldwell Esselstyn and Dean Ornish, both of whom published clinical data suggesting it can arrest or reverse coronary artery disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the specific dietary intervention at the core of the article, and readers need to understand what it entails to evaluate the evidence behind it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lpa-gene\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">LPA Gene<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>LPA is the gene that determines how much lipoprotein(a) you make. Your version is fixed at conception.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is why Lp(a) barely responds to diet or exercise, and why a single measurement is usually enough for life. Variation in this one gene explains most of the difference between people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lumen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lumen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Lumen ist der offene Kanal innerhalb eines Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfes, in dem tats\u00e4chlich Blut flie\u00dft.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Older tests only showed the lumen. The trouble is that arteries bulge outward as plaque grows, so the lumen can look wide open while the wall is full of disease. A clear lumen is not a clean artery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#arterial-remodeling\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lumen-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lumen-Paradoxon<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The observation that measurable plaque regression\u2014confirmed by reductions in atheroma volume on IVUS or CCTA\u2014is often not accompanied by a corresponding increase in luminal diameter, because the outer arterial wall simultaneously contracts (reverse remodeling) back toward its pre-disease size.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding it prevents patients and clinicians from mistaking a stable or slightly narrower lumen on imaging for treatment failure when the artery is actually healing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lyon-diet-heart-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lyon-Diet-Heart-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Lyon Diet Heart Study war eine randomisierte Studie, in der eine Di\u00e4t nach mediterraner Art mit einer umsichtigen westlichen Di\u00e4t bei Patienten verglichen wurde, die bereits einen Herzinfarkt erlitten hatten; sie berichtete \u00fcber eine starke Reduzierung wiederkehrender kardialer Ereignisse trotz im Wesentlichen keinem Unterschied im Blutcholesterinspiegel zwischen den beiden Gruppen, was sie zu einer wichtigen Referenz f\u00fcr die Annahme macht, dass der ern\u00e4hrungsbedingte Nutzen nicht vollst\u00e4ndig durch Lipidver\u00e4nde\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its striking cholesterol-independent result is central to any discussion of how diet protects the heart beyond simply lowering LDL.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"lysosomal-degradation-of-ldl-receptors\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Lysosomal Degradation (of LDL Receptors)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The cellular process by which PCSK9, after binding the LDL receptor, routes the receptor to lysosomes where it is broken down rather than recycled back to the cell surface; PCSK9 inhibitors block this process, preserving receptor density and enhancing LDL clearance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this recycling mechanism explains why blocking PCSK9 has such a potent LDL-lowering effect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-m\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">M<\/h2><article id=\"m2-phenotype-macrophage\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">M2 Phenotype Macrophage<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A reparative, anti-inflammatory subtype of macrophage that predominates during plaque regression; these cells promote cholesterol efflux, secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines, and assist in extracellular matrix reconstruction, in contrast to the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype that drives early atherogenesis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that the body has its own cellular repair crew\u2014and what it needs to activate\u2014explains why aggressive lipid lowering can translate into genuine arterial healing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mace-4\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MACE-4<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>MACE-4 (Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, 4-component) is a composite clinical endpoint comprising cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, and coronary revascularization, used as the primary endpoint in the CLEAR Outcomes trial.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the benchmark measure by which bempedoic acid&#039;s benefit was quantified in the key outcomes trial described in the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"macrocalcification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Macrocalcification<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Large, macroscopic deposits of calcium within atherosclerotic plaque that are visible on standard non-contrast CT imaging; macrocalcification generally reflects plaque stabilization and healing rather than active instability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the distinction between macro- and microcalcification clarifies why a zero CAC score does not guarantee the absence of dangerous plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"macrophage\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Makrophage<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A macrophage is a large immune cell that swallows debris and invaders. The name literally means &quot;big eater.&quot;<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In an artery wall, macrophages eat trapped cholesterol particles, become bloated foam cells, and eventually die there. Their remains build the core of a plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"macrophage-cholesterol-efflux-capacity-cec\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A functional measure of HDL&#039;s ability to accept cholesterol from macrophage foam cells in the arterial wall for transport back to the liver; it correlates with cardiovascular protection independently of HDL-C levels, suggesting that HDL function matters more than HDL quantity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Explains why a diet that raises HDL-C numbers (like one high in coconut oil) does not necessarily improve the protective work HDL actually does.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"macrophage-polarization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Macrophage Polarization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The process by which macrophages shift between pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) functional states; exercise promotes polarization toward the anti-inflammatory phenotype within atherosclerotic plaques, helping to stabilize rather than inflame plaque tissue.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It links the molecular biology of immune cells to the practical finding that exercise can make existing plaque less likely to rupture and cause a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis, kurz MACE (Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event), ist eine in einer Studie gemeinsam erfasste Gruppe negativer gesundheitlicher Ergebnisse \u2013 typischerweise kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Tod, Herzinfarkt und Schlaganfall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Watch this one closely when reading trials. Different studies bundle different things, and a headline improvement can sometimes be driven almost entirely by one minor component rather than by fewer deaths.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><a href=\"#relative-risk\">Relatives Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"marc-2-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MARC-2 Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>MARC-2 (Male Athlete&#039;s Risk of Cardiovascular disease) is a clinical study that examined the relationship between vigorous exercise habits and coronary plaque burden in male athletes, finding an association between high-intensity training and greater calcified plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the key imaging studies cited in the article as evidence linking extreme exercise to higher coronary plaque burden.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"marfan-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Marfan Syndrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Marfan syndrome is a heritable connective-tissue disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene encoding fibrillin-1, which disrupts the medial scaffolding of the aorta and predisposes affected individuals to progressive thoracic aortic dilation, dissection, and rupture \u2014 often at young ages and modest aortic diameters.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Marfan syndrome is one of the most important genetic causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes and requires specific sport-restriction guidance.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"marine-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MARINE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized trial that established the efficacy of icosapent ethyl for lowering triglycerides in patients with very high triglyceride levels, providing the foundational evidence for its approval in severe hypertriglyceridemia.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MARINE underpins one of Vascepa&#039;s two approved indications and helps contextualize its triglyceride-lowering effects separately from its cardiovascular event-reduction effects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mass-balance-modeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mass-Balance Modeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mass-balance modeling is a quantitative approach that tracks the total input, output, and storage of a substance\u2014here cholesterol\u2014across the body&#039;s compartments to estimate how much is actually needed versus how much is present in excess.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reveals that circulating cholesterol levels in most adults are two to four times higher than what physiology requires, which helps explain why lowering LDL reduces cardiovascular risk without depriving tissues.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"masterheart-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Master@Heart-Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Master@Heart-Studie ist eine kontrollierte Studie an lebenslang sportlich aktiven Ausdauersportlern, die ergab, dass diese mehr koronare Gesamtplaque aufweisen als gesunde, aktive Nichtsportler \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich mehr verkalkter und nicht verkalkter Plaque in proximalen Arteriensegmenten \u2013, was Fragen aufwirft, ob extremes lebenslanges Ausdauertraining die Atherosklerose selbst bei Fehlen traditioneller Risikofaktoren f\u00f6rdert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It underpins the &#039;athlete paradox&#039; and cautions against assuming high fitness automatically means clean arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"masters-60-category-age-graded-record\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Masters 60+ Category (Age-Graded Record)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An officially recognised competitive classification for cyclists aged 60 and above, with separately ratified national and world records that allow age-matched comparison of performance and reflect the cardiovascular capabilities of older athletes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Age-stratified performance data are valuable for understanding cardiovascular aging and the benefits of sustained endurance training later in life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"masters-athlete\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Masters-Sportler<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Masters-Sportler ist ein Wettk\u00e4mpfer ab etwa 35 Jahren, der ernsthaft und oft \u00fcber Jahrzehnte hinweg trainiert und Wettk\u00e4mpfe bestreitet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This group challenges standard assumptions. They have exceptional fitness alongside sometimes surprising coronary calcium, altered protein needs, and a raised risk of atrial fibrillation \u2014 so ordinary advice can fit them badly.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#sarcopenia\">Sarkopenie<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"masters-athletes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Masters-Sportler<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Als wettkampf- oder hochtrainierte Ausdauersportler werden typischerweise Personen im Alter von \u00fcber 35 Jahren definiert, die jahrelang ein hochintensives oder volumin\u00f6ses Training absolviert haben; sie stellen die prim\u00e4re Population dar, die in der Forschung zum Sportlerparadoxon untersucht wird, da ihre langj\u00e4hrige Trainingshistorie paradoxerweise mit erh\u00f6hten Koronarkalkwerten verbunden sein kann.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This group challenges the assumption that more exercise always means a cleaner bill of cardiovascular health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"masters-category-cycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Masters Category (Cycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Age-based competitive divisions in cycling\u2014typically in five-year bands\u2014that allow older athletes to compete for records and titles against peers of similar age rather than against open-category professionals.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal&#039;s record is specific to the men&#039;s 60\u201364 masters category, a distinct classification from the open pro Hour Record.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"matrix-gla-protein-mgp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Matrix Gla-Protein (MGP)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Matrix Gla-protein is a vitamin K\u2013dependent protein secreted by vascular smooth muscle cells that acts as a physiological inhibitor of arterial calcification; it requires carboxylation by vitamin K2 to be active.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It connects the proposed vitamin K2 hypothesis to the observation that statins may accelerate calcium densification in plaques.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"matrix-metalloproteinase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Matrix Metalloproteinase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes that cut through the collagen scaffolding of tissue. Immune cells inside plaques release them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are the demolition crew that thins a fibrous cap from below. This is the mechanism by which inflammation converts a stable plaque into one that can rupture.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#extracellular-matrix\">Extracellular Matrix<\/a><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"matrix-metalloproteinases-mmps\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Matrix metalloproteinases are enzyme proteins \u2014 notably MMP-2 and MMP-9 \u2014 that cleave structural proteins such as elastin and collagen; in abdominal aortic aneurysm, MMP activity can exceed normal aortic tissue levels by more than tenfold, permanently dismantling the wall&#039;s scaffold because adult elastin cannot be regenerated.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These molecular &#039;scissors&#039; are the primary engine of AAA destruction, which is why controlling the inflammation that activates them is a central treatment target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"maximal-lactate-steady-state-mlss\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Maximal Lactate Steady State (MLSS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die h\u00f6chste Trainingsintensit\u00e4t, bei der sich die Laktatproduktion und der Laktatabbau im Gleichgewicht befinden und die die Obergrenze einer nachhaltig durchf\u00fchrbaren aeroben Belastung darstellt; bei Ausdauersportlern der Spitzenklasse liegt sie typischerweise bei 80\u201390% der VO\u2082max.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding MLSS explains why hour-record pacing is so demanding\u2014riders must hold the edge of what the body can sustain without lactate accumulating to fatigue-inducing levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mechanotransduction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mechanotransduction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mechanotransduction is the biological process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli\u2014such as stretch, pressure, or shear stress\u2014into biochemical signals that alter cell behavior and gene expression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article invokes mechanotransduction to explain how exercise-induced pressure surges may upregulate proteoglycan synthesis in the arterial wall, increasing the likelihood that ApoB particles become trapped.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"medical-cardiologist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Medical Cardiologist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A medical cardiologist (also called a non-interventional or clinical cardiologist) manages cardiovascular disease primarily through diagnosis, risk factor modification, and pharmacological therapy rather than catheter-based or surgical procedures. In the article, both a medical cardiologist and an interventional cardiologist were present during the angiogram, illustrating the distinct roles each\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Patients often see multiple cardiologists with different scopes of practice, and understanding the distinction helps them ask the right questions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mediterranean-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die mediterrane Ern\u00e4hrung legt den Schwerpunkt auf Gem\u00fcse, Obst, Bohnen, Vollkornprodukte, N\u00fcsse und Oliven\u00f6l sowie Fisch und wenig rotes Fleisch.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It has strong evidence for reducing heart attacks and strokes. What it has not clearly shown is the ability to shrink existing coronary plaque \u2014 a different and higher bar that only a few very intensive diets have been tested against.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#monounsaturated-fat\">Monounsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#olive-oil\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/a><a href=\"#plant-based-diet\">Plant-Based Diet<\/a><a href=\"#whole-food-plant-based-diet\">Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"medium-chain-triglycerides-mcts\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Triglycerides composed of fatty acids with 6\u201312 carbon chains (most clinically relevant preparations focus on C8:0 caprylic and C10:0 capric acids), which are absorbed more rapidly than long-chain fats, preferentially enter portal circulation, and undergo hepatic beta-oxidation; commercial MCT oils are distinct from coconut oil, which is dominated by the borderline C12:0 lauric acid rather than C\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The MCT claim is the main scientific-sounding reason consumers choose coconut oil, so knowing what MCTs actually are clarifies whether that claim holds up.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"medroxyprogesterone-acetate-mpa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Medroxyprogesterone acetate is a synthetic progestin used in the original Women&#039;s Health Initiative trial combined with conjugated equine estrogens; its androgenic properties can blunt estrogen&#039;s beneficial effects on blood vessels and lipids, and it is associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes than natural progesterone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Much of the cardiovascular harm attributed to hormone therapy in older studies may have been driven by MPA rather than estrogen itself.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mendelian-randomization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Mendelsche Randomisierung ist eine intelligente Forschungsmethode, die die Gene, mit denen Menschen geboren wurden, als nat\u00fcrliches Experiment nutzt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because genes are shuffled randomly at conception, comparing people who inherited naturally low cholesterol with those who didn&#039;t sidesteps the usual confusion about lifestyle. It is a major reason we are confident cholesterol particles cause heart disease rather than just accompanying it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"menopause\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Menopause<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Menopause is when a woman&#039;s periods stop permanently, usually around age 51, as estrogen levels fall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cardiovascular risk tends to climb afterward. Cholesterol rises, blood pressure often increases, and fat redistributes toward the abdomen. It is a good moment to get a full risk assessment rather than assuming heart disease is a men&#039;s problem.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#estrogen\">\u00d6strogen<\/a><a href=\"#hormone-replacement-therapy\">Hormone Replacement Therapy<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mesa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MESA<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>MESA, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, followed thousands of adults with no known heart disease, scanning their arteries and tracking outcomes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the source of much of what we know about calcium scores in practice \u2014 including how a score of zero predicts low risk, and how quickly that reassurance fades with age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><a href=\"#zero-calcium-score\">Kalkscore von null<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"met-metabolic-equivalent-of-task\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MET (Metabolic Equivalent of Task)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A unit expressing the energy cost of physical activity relative to sitting rest; one MET equals roughly 3.5 mL of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per minute, making it a convenient way to quantify and compare fitness levels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses MET increments to quantify how much each unit of fitness improvement reduces mortality risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"met-hours-metabolic-equivalent-of-task-hours\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MET-Hours (Metabolic Equivalent of Task-Hours)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A MET is a unit that expresses the energy cost of a physical activity relative to sitting at rest; MET-hours per week combine intensity and duration into a single dose metric. The article uses \u226515 MET-hours\/week as the aerobic activity threshold roughly equivalent to 150 minutes\/week of moderate-to-vigorous exercise.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses MET-hours to define who met the aerobic activity target in the &#039;triple threat&#039; analysis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"meta-analysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Meta-Analysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Meta-Analyse fasst die Ergebnisse vieler einzelner Studien statistisch zu einer Gesamtsch\u00e4tzung zusammen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Pooling gives more precision than any single trial. But it inherits whatever flaws the original studies had \u2014 combining weak studies produces a confident-looking answer built on weak foundations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ctt-collaboration\">CTT-Zusammenarbeit<\/a><a href=\"#publication-bias\">Publication Bias<\/a><a href=\"#systematic-review\">Systematic Review<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"meta-organismal-relay\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Meta-Organismal Relay<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The meta-organismal relay describes the biochemical hand-off in which dietary compounds are first transformed by gut microbiota into intermediate metabolites and then further modified by host organs \u2014 such as the liver \u2014 to produce molecules with systemic physiological effects; TMAO production is the canonical example of this process.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reframes heart disease risk as a collaboration between your own cells and your gut bacteria, not just your genes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metabolic-endotoxemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metabolic Endotoxemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Metabolic endotoxemia is a state of chronically elevated circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) \u2014 a bacterial cell-wall component \u2014 arising from increased intestinal permeability and altered gut microbiota, which contributes to low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It connects gut health to cardiovascular and metabolic disease, showing that inflammation can originate in the intestine and travel to the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metabolic-equivalent-of-task-met\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A metabolic equivalent of task is a unit expressing the energy cost of a physical activity relative to sitting quietly (1 MET \u2248 3.5 mL O\u2082\/kg\/min). Exercise intensity is commonly classified as vigorous (6\u20139 METs) or very vigorous (\u22659 METs), and in the MARC-2 study these thresholds were used to distinguish exercise intensities that slow plaque progression from those associated with accelerated calc\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The MET threshold of 9 helps explain why pushing too hard may promote more plaque buildup even in fit athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metabolic-health\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metabolic Health<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Metabolic health describes how well your body handles blood sugar, blood pressure, fats, and body fat storage.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>You can be thin and metabolically unhealthy, or heavier with good numbers. But good metabolic health does not cancel out a high ApoB or a high Lp(a) \u2014 those still need addressing on their own.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#lean-mass-hyper-responder\">Lean-Mass-Hyper-Responder<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#visceral-fat\">Viszerales Fett<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metabolic-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of five problems that tend to travel together: a large waist, high triglycerides, low HDL, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar. Having three or more counts.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It usually points to insulin resistance underneath. It is a useful warning flag, but each piece still needs to be measured and treated in its own right.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-health\">Metabolic Health<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><a href=\"#waist-circumference\">Waist Circumference<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metabolically-neutral\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metabolically Neutral<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Metabolically neutral describes a drug or compound that does not meaningfully alter blood pressure, lipid levels, insulin sensitivity, or other metabolic parameters; micronized progesterone is described this way because, unlike synthetic progestins, it does not worsen cholesterol or raise blood pressure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A metabolically neutral progestogen allows estrogen&#039;s cardiovascular benefits to work without being counteracted.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"metaflammation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Metaflammation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A chronic, low-grade inflammatory state driven by excess nutrients\u2014particularly saturated fat\u2014that activates innate immune receptors such as TLR4, producing sustained cytokine signaling in the absence of infection; distinct from classical acute inflammation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It names the specific type of inflammation that connects a high-fat diet to ongoing arterial damage and plaque destabilization.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"methionine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Methionin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Methionine is an essential amino acid found at high concentrations in animal proteins such as whey; many cancer cells are &#039;methionine dependent,&#039; meaning they preferentially use methionine to fuel their growth. The article uses this dependency\u2014sometimes called the Hoffman Effect\u2014to argue that plant proteins, which are lower in methionine, may carry a lower oncological risk for older athletes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the specific reason the article recommends considering plant proteins alongside or instead of whey for cancer-risk management in older athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"methionine-synthase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Methionine Synthase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The enzyme that catalyzes the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, using 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as the methyl donor and methylcobalamin (active vitamin B-12) as a cofactor; impaired activity \u2014 due to B-12 deficiency \u2014 causes homocysteine to accumulate.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It links B-12 deficiency directly to rising homocysteine levels, helping explain why B-12 status is one of the first things to check when the level is high.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"methylcobalamin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Methylcobalamin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The active coenzyme form of vitamin B-12 that functions as a cofactor for methionine synthase, enabling the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine; it is the form directly used in this pathway, as opposed to cyanocobalamin, which must first be converted.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing this helps evaluate claims that &#039;active&#039; B-12 forms are superior to standard supplements for lowering homocysteine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mevalonate-pathway\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mevalonate Pathway<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Mevalonat-Weg ist der mehrstufige biochemische Stoffwechselweg, \u00fcber den Zellen, haupts\u00e4chlich in der Leber, Cholesterin und verwandte Molek\u00fcle synthetisieren; Statine und Bempedoins\u00e4ure greifen an zwei verschiedenen Punkten dieses Weges an, um die Cholesterinproduktion zu verringern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that multiple drugs can interrupt this pathway at different points explains why combination therapy can lower LDL more than doubling up on one drug.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"microcalcification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Microcalcification<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Microscopic calcium deposits within atherosclerotic plaque that fall below the resolution threshold of conventional CT; unlike dense macrocalcification, microcalcifications can generate mechanical stress within the fibrous cap and increase plaque rupture susceptibility.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Microcalcification explains how a patient can have a zero CAC score yet still harbor rupture-prone plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"micronized-progesterone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Micronized Progesterone<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Micronized progesterone is a bioidentical form of natural progesterone processed into fine particles for better absorption; unlike synthetic progestins such as MPA, it does not raise blood pressure, worsen cholesterol, or blunt estrogen&#039;s favorable cardiovascular effects.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Choosing this form of progesterone over older synthetic versions may avoid much of the cardiovascular harm seen in the original WHI trial.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"microplastics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Microplastics<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Tiny plastic particles \u2014 generally under 5 millimeters \u2014 released from food packaging, textiles, household plastics, and industrial waste; they are now detected in human food, drinking water, air, and body tissues, including inside arterial plaques.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what microplastics are is essential context for evaluating their potential role in heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"microvascular-dysfunction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mikrovaskul\u00e4re Dysfunktion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mikrovaskul\u00e4re Dysfunktion ist eine Erkrankung der kleinsten Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe des Herzens, die zu klein sind, um auf einem Angiogramm gesehen zu werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A person can have genuine chest pain and real oxygen shortage while being told their arteries are clean. It is more common in women and in people with diabetes, and it needs different testing to find.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angina\">Angina<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-flow-reserve\">Coronary Flow Reserve<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"million-veteran-program\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Million Veteran Program<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Million Veteran Program is a large US biobank and genomic research initiative drawing on veterans&#039; health data; genetic analyses from this cohort have been used to identify causal relationships between ApoB-raising gene variants and conditions such as peripheral artery disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its massive scale gives genetic findings unusual statistical power, strengthening the causal case linking ApoB to diseases beyond the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mind-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MIND Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The MIND diet (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) is a dietary pattern combining elements of the Mediterranean and DASH diets, emphasizing vegetables, berries, nuts, beans, fish, and whole grains, specifically designed and studied for its potential to slow cognitive decline.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Along with the Mediterranean diet, the MIND diet has the strongest evidence for protecting brain health, fitting the article&#039;s argument that arterial-friendly eating in midlife protects cognitive function later.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mindfulness-based-stress-reduction-mbsr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mindfulness-based stress reduction is a structured 8-week program that teaches meditation, body-awareness, and yoga as tools for managing stress, originally developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn. It is one of the specific meditation techniques evaluated in the clinical trials the article reviews.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MBSR is the form of meditation with the largest body of trial evidence, so understanding what it is helps you evaluate whether a study&#039;s findings apply to the type of meditation you might practice.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mineral-oil-placebo\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mineral Oil Placebo<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The inert-appearing substance used in the placebo arm of REDUCE-IT; its use has been contested because the placebo group experienced modest increases in LDL-C and hs-CRP, raising the possibility that mineral oil was not fully biologically inert and may have modestly inflated the apparent benefit of icosapent ethyl.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This controversy is central to evaluating how much of REDUCE-IT&#039;s striking results reflect a true drug effect versus a compromised control arm.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"minimal-lumen-diameter-mld\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Minimal Lumen Diameter (MLD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der minimale Lumendurchmesser ist der engste Punkt in einer Koronararterie, gemessen mittels quantitativer Koronarangiographie; er wird in seriellen Bildgebungsstudien als Indikator daf\u00fcr verwendet, ob die Erkrankung fortschreitet oder sich zur\u00fcckbildet, obwohl er nur den offenen Kanal und nicht die in der Arterienwand verborgene Plaque widerspiegelt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It was the key measurement in early diet-and-angiography trials like the Lifestyle Heart Trial, and its limitations explain why those studies can be misleading.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"misregistration-artifact\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Misregistration Artifact<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A blurring or step-like distortion in a CT image that arises when the heart is scanned across multiple heartbeats and the acquired slices do not align perfectly, degrading image quality and potentially obscuring or mimicking plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Wide-detector scanners that capture the whole heart in one heartbeat are promoted partly because they eliminate this artifact, a claim the article asks readers to evaluate critically.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"missense-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Missense Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A missense variant is a single nucleotide change in a gene that causes one amino acid to be substituted for another in the resulting protein, potentially altering its function; in cardioprotective genetics, function-reducing missense variants\u2014such as those in PCSK9\u2014can lower atherogenic lipoprotein levels from birth without fully abolishing the protein.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Many of the natural genetic protections against heart disease are missense variants that quietly reduce, rather than eliminate, a harmful protein throughout life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mitochondrial-biogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mitochondrial Biogenesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mitochondrial biogenesis is the cellular process by which new mitochondria\u2014the organelles that generate energy\u2014are created inside muscle and heart cells; it is stimulated primarily by aerobic exercise and cannot be replicated by any currently available medication.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this helps explain why &#039;normal&#039; blood work does not mean a healthy, high-functioning heart and body.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mitochondrial-density\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mitochondrial Density<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The concentration of mitochondria within muscle fibers, which determines the cell&#039;s capacity for aerobic energy production; endurance training is associated with preserving mitochondrial density in older athletes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Higher mitochondrial density means muscles can generate more energy aerobically, delaying fatigue during prolonged efforts like the hour record.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mitophagy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mitophagie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mitophagy is the cellular process by which damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria are selectively identified and broken down, serving as a quality-control mechanism; impaired mitophagy has been proposed as a contributor to vascular aging, though the evidence in humans remains largely preclinical.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Mitophagy is increasingly discussed in longevity and cardiovascular research, but it is important to know that its relevance to human heart disease has not yet been established in clinical trials.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mixed-morphology-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Mixed-Morphology Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Mixed-morphology plaque is coronary plaque that contains both calcified and non-calcified (soft) components; it is generally considered more dangerous than purely calcified plaque because the soft, lipid-rich portions are more prone to rupturing and triggering a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The distinction between stable calcified plaque and dangerous mixed-morphology plaque is the key to understanding why athlete &#039;rust&#039; is often less deadly than the rust seen in sedentary people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mmol-l-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">mmol\/l-Jahre<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>mmol\/L-years is a unit expressing cumulative cholesterol exposure, calculated by multiplying a person&#039;s average LDL-C concentration (in mmol\/L) by the number of years they have been exposed to that level. It converts a single snapshot measurement into a running total of arterial damage, allowing clinicians to estimate when an individual will cross the threshold for clinical atherosclerotic diseas\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This metric shows why a child with extreme cholesterol can accumulate decades of arterial damage in just a few years.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"modelflow-aortic-age-algorithm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Modelflow Aortic Age Algorithm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A method developed by Dr. Benjamin Levine&#039;s laboratory that uses the central aortic pressure waveform and stroke volume to calculate the structural compliance of the aorta, translating the result into a biological vascular age independent of transient blood pressure fluctuations.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives a concrete biological age for your arteries, making abstract cardiovascular risk tangible and actionable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"molecular-autopsy\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Molecular Autopsy<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Molecular autopsy is the genetic analysis of post-mortem tissue to identify inherited ion-channel or structural gene variants that could explain a sudden death when conventional pathological examination finds no anatomical cause; it identifies an inherited arrhythmia syndrome in a meaningful minority of autopsy-negative cases.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A molecular autopsy result can explain an unexplained death and reveal which living relatives need cardiac evaluation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"monacolin-k\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Monacolin K<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der aktive cholesterinsenkende Wirkstoff im roten Hefe-Reis; er ist chemisch identisch mit Lovastatin und hemmt die HMG-CoA-Reduktase, dasselbe Enzym, das auch von verschreibungspflichtigen Statinen gehemmt wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The presence of monacolin K explains both why red yeast rice can lower LDL and why its quality control matters\u2014potency varies widely between brands.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"monounsaturated-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Monounsaturated Fat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Monounsaturated fat is the main fat in olive oil, avocados, and most nuts.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Swapping saturated fat for it lowers LDL cholesterol. The benefit comes from the swap, though \u2014 pouring extra olive oil on top of an otherwise unchanged diet is not the same experiment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#olive-oil\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"monounsaturated-fatty-acids-mufas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFAs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Monounsaturated fatty acids are fats with a single carbon-carbon double bond; oleic acid, the principal fat in olive oil, is the most common dietary MUFA, and it is often cited as the reason olive oil is considered heart-healthy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what MUFAs are clarifies why Mendelian randomization\u2014finding no causal cardiac benefit\u2014is a direct challenge to olive oil&#039;s health claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"morphometric-analysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Morphometric Analysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Morphometric analysis is a quantitative measurement technique applied to tissue cross-sections to calculate the size and area of structures such as arterial lumen, plaque, and vessel wall, allowing researchers to objectively compare the degree of narrowing or regression across experimental groups.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the method that produced the headline finding\u2014an 80% larger coronary channel after cholesterol lowering\u2014so knowing what it means helps readers weigh the evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mthfr-c677t\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MTHFR C677T<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A common genetic variant in the MTHFR gene that reduces the activity of the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, modestly raising homocysteine levels \u2014 particularly when dietary folate is low; homozygosity (carrying two copies) produces a larger effect than a single copy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Supplement marketing often targets people with this variant, but the article notes that genetically elevated homocysteine in this range has not been shown to raise coronary risk independently.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mtor-mechanistic-target-of-rapamycin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">mTOR (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A conserved intracellular kinase that acts as a master switch integrating nutrient availability, growth factors, and energy status to coordinate cell growth, protein synthesis, and autophagy; mTORC1, its nutrient-sensitive complex, is implicated in aging biology because chronic hyperactivation promotes growth signaling while suppressing the cellular cleanup processes needed to remove damaged prot\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding mTOR explains why the same high-protein diet that builds muscle in a 35-year-old may be less desirable in a healthy 50-year-old, and why timing and amount of protein intake matter for longevity.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mtorc1-mechanistic-target-of-rapamycin-complex-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">mTORC1 (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>mTORC1 is a protein complex inside cells that acts as a master switch for muscle protein synthesis; when activated by amino acids, exercise, or hormones, it promotes tissue growth, and when suppressed, the body shifts toward breakdown and maintenance. In aging muscle, its sensitivity to normal dietary signals is blunted, which is the molecular basis of anabolic resistance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding mTORC1 explains why older athletes need more protein per meal to trigger the same muscle-building response as younger people.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"mttp-microsomal-triglyceride-transfer-protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">MTTP (Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>MTTP is a protein essential for loading triglycerides onto ApoB in the liver and intestine, enabling the assembly and secretion of ApoB-containing lipoproteins such as VLDL and chylomicrons. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in MTTP cause abetalipoproteinemia, virtually eliminating circulating ApoB particles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the molecular switch whose failure produces the human zero-ApoB model, confirming the link between ApoB assembly and atherosclerosis risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"multi-ethnic-study-of-atherosclerosis-mesa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large prospective cohort study of adults initially free of cardiovascular disease that has provided foundational data on coronary artery calcium scoring, demonstrating a strong graded association between CAC burden and future coronary events and validating the risk implications of a CAC score of zero.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MESA data underpin current clinical guidelines on when to use CAC scoring and how to interpret results, making it a reference point for any discussion of calcium scoring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ldl-bad-cholesterol-apolipoprotein-b-imaging-resolution-and-the-illusion-of-normal-coronary-arteries-at-age-60\/\">Read: LDL \u201cBAD\u201d Cholesterol: Apolipoprotein B, Imaging Resolution, and the Illusion of \u201cNormal\u201d Coronary Arteries at Age 60<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"multidetector-computed-tomography-mdct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CT scanner design that uses multiple rows of detectors to acquire several image slices simultaneously, offering high spatial resolution and fast acquisition; it has largely replaced earlier electron beam CT for coronary calcium scoring because of its wide availability and comparable accuracy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MDCT is the workhorse behind almost every CAC score reported today, so understanding its role clarifies why the test is now widely accessible.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"muscle-protein-synthesis-mps\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Muscle Protein Synthesis (MPS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Muscle protein synthesis is the cellular process by which muscle fibers build new contractile proteins, driven by amino acid availability and mechanical loading; the rate of MPS relative to muscle protein breakdown determines whether muscle mass is gained, maintained, or lost. In older adults, the MPS response to a given protein dose is blunted compared with younger adults.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MPS is the key process athletes are trying to stimulate with post-workout protein, and its age-related decline is the core problem this article addresses.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"muscle-symptoms-from-statins\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Some people report aching or weak muscles after starting a statin. Real statin muscle injury exists, but it is rare.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Carefully designed studies where neither patient nor doctor knew who got the real pill found that most reported symptoms appeared just as often on placebo. This is called the nocebo effect \u2014 expecting a side effect can produce it. It matters because it leads many people to quit a medicine that was protecting them.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#adherence\">Einhaltung<\/a><a href=\"#bempedoic-acid\">Bempedoins\u00e4ure<\/a><a href=\"#nocebo-effect\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myocardial-infarction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myokardinfarkt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Siehe Herzinfarkt f\u00fcr den vollst\u00e4ndigen Eintrag.<\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myocardial-perfusion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myocardial Perfusion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Myocardial perfusion refers to the delivery of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself; it can be measured with PET imaging to assess whether dietary or pharmacological interventions have improved blood flow to previously under-supplied heart tissue.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Evidence of improved myocardial perfusion on imaging provides functional confirmation that plaque regression translates into real benefit for the heart muscle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myocarditis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myocarditis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Myokarditis ist eine Entz\u00fcndung des Herzmuskels, die gew\u00f6hnlich durch eine virale Infektion ausgel\u00f6st wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most cases recover fully, but exercising through it can be dangerous and it is one recognized cause of sudden death in young people. Standard advice is to rest until cleared.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiac-mri\">Kardio-MRT<\/a><a href=\"#cardiomyopathy\">Kardiomyopathie<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><a href=\"#sudden-cardiac-death\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myocardium\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myocardium<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Myokard ist die muskul\u00e4re Herzwand \u2013 der Teil, der sich tats\u00e4chlich zusammenzieht, um Blut durch den K\u00f6rper zu pumpen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>When it is starved of oxygen for too long, the damage is permanent. Muscle that dies is replaced by scar tissue, which does not contract.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ejection-fraction\">Ejection Fraction<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#troponin\">Troponin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myokines\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myokines<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Myokine sind kleine Signalproteine, die w\u00e4hrend der Kontraktion von Skelettmuskelzellen ausgesch\u00fcttet werden und \u00fcber den Blutkreislauf wandern, um Wirkungen auf entfernte Organe wie das Herz, die Leber und das Fettgewebe auszu\u00fcben. Im Artikel besprochene Beispiele sind Irisin, FGF21 und Decorin, die den Fettstoffwechsel, die Glukoseverarbeitung und Entz\u00fcndungen beeinflussen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Myokines are the molecular mechanism explaining why building muscle can benefit cardiovascular health even independent of weight loss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"myristic-acid-c140\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Myristic Acid (C14:0)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A 14-carbon saturated fatty acid present at 16\u201321% in coconut oil; alongside lauric acid, it is considered one of the most potent LDL-cholesterol\u2013raising saturated fatty acids in the diet when exchanged for cis-unsaturated fats.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains a large part of why coconut oil raises LDL more than oils rich in oleic acid.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-n\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">N<\/h2><article id=\"n-glycolylneuraminic-acid-neu5gc\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid (Neu5Gc)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A non-human sialic acid sugar molecule found on the cell surfaces of most mammals, including cattle, pigs, and sheep, but not synthesized by humans; it can be absorbed from red meat and incorporated into human tissues, where it may trigger an immune response.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the central molecule in the proposed red meat\u2013inflammation\u2013atherosclerosis pathway discussed throughout the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"n-of-1-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">n-of-1 Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A blinded, randomized crossover trial conducted in a single individual who alternates between active treatment and placebo in multiple cycles, allowing attribution of symptoms to drug versus expectation within that person rather than relying on population averages.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Provides the most rigorous individual-level evidence for whether a specific athlete&#039;s symptoms are truly caused by their statin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nadh-nad-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NADH\/NAD+ Ratio<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measure of the cellular redox state reflecting the balance between the reduced (NADH) and oxidized (NAD+) forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; ethanol metabolism raises this ratio in liver cells, suppressing gluconeogenesis and shifting hepatic metabolism toward fatty acid synthesis, which contributes to hypertriglyceridemia and may accelerate atherosclerosis in heavy drinkers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This biochemical shift links alcohol metabolism directly to worsened lipid profiles and liver fat accumulation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nanoplastics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nanoplastics<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plastic particles smaller than 1 micrometer (often defined as under 100 nanometers) that can penetrate cell membranes and tissues more readily than larger microplastic fragments; referenced alongside microplastics in human atheromatous plaque studies.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Nanoplastics represent the most biologically active and penetrating end of the plastic-particle spectrum relevant to cardiovascular research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"napkin-ring-sign\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Napkin-Ring Sign<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The napkin-ring sign is a distinctive pattern on a CT scan: a dark, fatty plaque core surrounded by a bright rim, so the cross-section resembles a ring.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the few high-risk plaque features a radiologist can spot by eye, and it flags a plaque considerably more likely to cause trouble.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><a href=\"#low-attenuation-plaque\">Low-Attenuation Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"naps-trial-nattokinase-atherothrombotic-prevention-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NAPS Trial (Nattokinase Atherothrombotic Prevention Study)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that tested nattokinase at 2,000 Fibrinolytic Units per day and measured its effect on subclinical atherosclerosis using carotid ultrasound and arterial stiffness; the trial found no significant slowing of atherosclerosis progression compared to placebo.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The NAPS trial is the highest-quality human evidence on nattokinase and plaque, making it the benchmark against which all other claims should be judged.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"narrative-review\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Narrativer \u00dcbersichtsartikel<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A narrative review is a type of scientific article that synthesizes existing research on a topic through expert selection and interpretation rather than through a pre-registered, exhaustive search with formal bias scoring; unlike a systematic review or meta-analysis, its conclusions can reflect the authors&#039; editorial judgment in choosing which studies to emphasize.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the study design helps you judge how much weight to give the article&#039;s conclusions versus findings from more rigorous systematic reviews.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"national-cholesterol-education-program-ncep\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nationales Cholesterin-Bildungsprogramm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The National Cholesterol Education Program was a U.S. government initiative launched in 1985 that produced a series of Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) reports \u2014 ATP I in 1988, ATP II in 1993, and ATP III in 2001 \u2014 which established the first standardised numerical LDL-C targets and shaped clinical cholesterol management for several decades.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The NCEP guidelines defined what &#039;high&#039; and &#039;normal&#039; cholesterol meant for a generation of patients and physicians, making their evolution central to understanding how targets have changed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nattokinase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nattokinase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein fibrinlytisches Enzym aus Natto (fermentierten Sojabohnen), das Fibrin, das Proteinger\u00fcst von Blutgerinnseln, abbaut; es wird h\u00e4ufig als Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel f\u00fcr die Durchblutung, den Blutdruck und \u2013 umstritten \u2013 zur Reduzierung von Plaque verkauft.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding what nattokinase actually does biologically helps distinguish its legitimate uses from exaggerated marketing claims.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"navitoclax\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Navitoclax<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Navitoclax is an experimental senolytic drug that promotes apoptosis in senescent cells; in animal studies of advanced atherosclerosis it reduced the cells maintaining the fibrous cap, leading to thinner caps and increased mortality \u2014 an outcome opposite to its intended benefit.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Navitoclax illustrates why preclinical anti-aging drug results in early disease may not translate safely to people who already have significant plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"near-infrared-spectroscopy-nirs\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Nahinfrarotspektroskopie ist ein intravaskul\u00e4res Bildgebungsverfahren, das Licht nutzt, um den Lipidgehalt koronarer Plaques zu bestimmen, was dabei hilft, lipidreiche Plaques zu identifizieren, die ein h\u00f6heres Rupturrisiko aufweisen k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It adds information about plaque composition \u2014 not just size or calcification \u2014 which matters because lipid-rich plaques are more likely to cause heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/whats-more-important-diet-vs-drugs-or-outcome-vs-regression\/\">Read: What&#8217;s more important, diet vs drugs, or outcome vs regression?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"necrotic-core\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Necrotic Core<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der nekrotische Kern ist das tote, breiige Zentrum einer fortgeschrittenen Plaque, das aus Immunzellen besteht, die eingeschlossenes Cholesterin gefressen haben und dann an Ort und Stelle starben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A large core makes a plaque fragile. It is one of the main features that turns a quiet plaque into one that might crack open and cause a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-core\">Lipid Core<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neointimal-hyperplasia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neointimal Hyperplasia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The rapid overgrowth of smooth muscle and endothelial tissue inside an artery after stent placement, which can progressively narrow or completely re-block the vessel; it is the principal problem that drug-eluting stents were designed to prevent.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Neointimal hyperplasia was the major limitation of bare-metal stents and directly drove the development of drug-eluting technology.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neovascularization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neovascularization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Neovascularization is the growth of new blood vessels. Inside a plaque, they sprout from the vessels feeding the artery&#039;s own wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These new vessels are leaky and fragile. They deliver more inflammatory cells into the plaque and are the usual source of bleeding within it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#intraplaque-hemorrhage\">Intraplaque Hemorrhage<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#vasa-vasorum\">Vasa Vasorum<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"net-reclassification-improvement-nri\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A statistical measure of how much a new test or biomarker improves the correct classification of individuals into higher or lower risk categories compared with an existing model; in the SCAPIS study, adding CCTA to the Pooled Cohort Equation produced an NRI of 0.133, largely by correctly upgrading risk in people who later had events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It quantifies, in practical terms, how many patients are moved into the right treatment category when a better test is used.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neu5ac-n-acetylneuraminic-acid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neu5Ac (N-Acetylneuraminic Acid)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Neu5Ac is the predominant sialic acid found on human cell surfaces, synthesized de novo in all vertebrates; because humans lack CMAH, Neu5Ac cannot be converted to Neu5Gc, making it the only sialic acid decorating human glycoproteins and glycolipids.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the &#039;self&#039; sugar the human immune system is calibrated to recognize, so any foreign sialic acid incorporated into tissues triggers an immune response.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neu5gc\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neu5Gc<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Neu5Gc is a sugar molecule found in red meat. Humans lost the ability to make it millions of years ago, but we still absorb it when we eat beef, pork, or lamb.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because our bodies see it as foreign, we make antibodies against it. Some researchers think this low-grade immune reaction against our own tissues may be one reason red meat is tied to heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#red-meat\">Red Meat<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neuroendocrinology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neuroendocrinology<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The branch of science studying how the nervous system and endocrine (hormone) system interact, particularly how hormones regulate brain function and how the brain controls hormone secretion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Menopause is increasingly understood as a neuroendocrine event, not just a reproductive one, so knowing this term clarifies the scope of what is being discussed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"neuromuscular-timing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Neuromuscular Timing<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The coordinated sequencing of nerve signals to muscles that produces smooth, efficient movement patterns; it can be disrupted by injury or surgery and must be deliberately retrained during rehabilitation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Poor neuromuscular timing wastes energy and increases injury risk, making its recovery an important but often overlooked part of returning to exercise after orthopedic surgery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nf-%ce%bab-nuclear-factor-kappa-b\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NF-\u03baB (Nuclear Factor Kappa-B)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>NF-\u03baB is a protein complex that acts as a master regulator of inflammation inside cells; when activated in macrophages and vascular cells, it switches on genes that produce inflammatory cytokines and promote atherosclerotic plaque growth, and GLP-1 receptor signaling suppresses its translocation into the cell nucleus.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>NF-\u03baB is the molecular switch that GLP-1 drugs turn down to reduce vascular inflammation \u2014 understanding it explains the mechanism behind the early heart benefits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nhlbi-pediatric-lipid-guidelines\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NHLBI Pediatric Lipid Guidelines<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Evidence-based recommendations issued by the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute defining acceptable, borderline, and high thresholds for cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides in children aged 2\u201319, and recommending universal lipid screening at ages 9\u201311 with earlier screening in high-risk families.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These are the clinical cutoffs pediatricians use to decide whether a child&#039;s cholesterol warrants lifestyle changes or further evaluation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ni-hon-san-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ni-Hon-San Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Ni-Hon-San-Studie verglich japanische M\u00e4nner, die in Japan, Hawaii und San Francisco lebten, und stellte fest, dass die H\u00e4ufigkeit von koronaren Herzkrankheiten mit der Migration nach Westen zusammen mit einem Anstieg des Serumcholesterinspiegels, des Body-Mass-Index und der Aufnahme ges\u00e4ttigter Fette anstieg. Dies lieferte einflussreiche Beweise daf\u00fcr, dass Umwelt und Ern\u00e4hrung \u2013 und nicht allein die Genetik \u2013 einen gro\u00dfen Teil des kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Risikos ausmachen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the classic demonstrations that heart disease risk is not fixed by ancestry and that lifestyle changes can matter across a lifetime.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"niacin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Niacin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Niacin ist Vitamin B3, das in sehr hohen Dosen LDL senkt und HDL erh\u00f6ht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It looked promising for decades. Then large trials adding it to statins showed no benefit and more side effects, and it was largely abandoned \u2014 another casualty of the idea that raising HDL helps.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/case-study\/\">Read: Case Study<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#cetp\">CETP<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nitric-oxide\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stickstoffmonoxid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Stickstoffmonoxid ist ein Gas, das von der Innenauskleidung Ihrer Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe gebildet wird, um dem Gef\u00e4\u00df zu signalisieren, sich zu entspannen und zu weiten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>More nitric oxide means better blood flow and lower pressure. When the lining is damaged by smoking, high blood sugar, or high particle counts, it makes less of it \u2014 one of the very first steps toward heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nitric-oxide-bioavailability\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stickstoffmonoxid-Bioverf\u00fcgbarkeit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Ausma\u00df, in dem das Endothel in der Lage ist, ausreichende Mengen an Stickstoffmonoxid zu produzieren und aufrechtzuerhalten \u2013 ein Signalmolek\u00fcl, das die Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe erweitert, die Zusammenballung von Blutpl\u00e4ttchen hemmt und das Anhaften von Entz\u00fcndungszellen an der Arterienwand verhindert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article identifies impaired nitric oxide bioavailability as a key mechanism by which diet and LDL levels drive atherosclerosis, and restoring it as central to disease stabilization.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nlrp3\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NLRP3<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>NLRP3 is an alarm system inside immune cells. When it detects something it treats as a threat, it triggers a burst of inflammatory signaling.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cholesterol crystals inside a plaque can set it off, which is one of the clearest mechanical links between trapped cholesterol and inflammation. It is the pathway colchicine is thought to dampen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-crystal\">Cholesterol Crystal<\/a><a href=\"#colchicine\">Colchicine<\/a><a href=\"#il-6\">IL-6<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nlrp3-inflammasome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NLRP3 Inflammasome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex in immune cells that, when activated by cholesterol crystals, oxidized lipids, or other danger signals within an atherosclerotic plaque, triggers the release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1\u03b2 and interleukin-6, accelerating plaque growth and instability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a key mechanism linking cholesterol buildup to inflammation in the artery wall, and a target of newer cardiovascular therapies like colchicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nmr-lipoprotein-particle-analysis-ldl-p-hdl-p\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NMR Lipoprotein Particle Analysis (LDL-P \/ HDL-P)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>NMR lipoprotein particle analysis uses nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to count the number of circulating LDL and HDL particles (reported as LDL-P in nmol\/L and HDL-P in \u00b5mol\/L), providing information about particle concentration independent of the cholesterol mass each particle carries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Particle number, rather than cholesterol mass alone, more directly reflects the number of ApoB-containing particles able to penetrate the arterial wall and drive atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nocebo-effect\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The nocebo effect is the placebo effect in reverse: if you expect a medicine to cause a side effect, you are more likely to actually feel it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is not imaginary \u2014 the discomfort is real. It matters enormously with statins, where studies giving people real pills and dummy pills without telling them found muscle aches happening at nearly the same rate in both groups.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#adherence\">Einhaltung<\/a><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-calcified-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nicht verkalkte Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Nicht verkalkter Plaque ist der weiche, fettige Teil eines Plaques, der nicht mit Calcium verh\u00e4rtet ist. Er stellt sich in einem CT-Scan dunkel dar.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the part most likely to rupture. It is also invisible to a plain calcium scan, which is why a low calcium score in a young person is less reassuring than it sounds.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcified-plaque\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><a href=\"#low-attenuation-plaque\">Low-Attenuation Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-displaced-fracture\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-Displaced Fracture<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A bone fracture in which the broken segments remain in their normal anatomical alignment; because the fragments have not shifted, surgical fixation is often unnecessary, and healing can proceed with controlled weight-bearing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding fracture classification helps patients and readers appreciate why some breaks allow earlier return to activity than others.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-hdl-cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Non-HDL cholesterol is a simple calculation: your total cholesterol minus your HDL. What&#039;s left is the cholesterol riding in all the particles that can harm your arteries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It costs nothing extra, appears on every lab report you already have, and predicts risk better than LDL alone. If you cannot get an ApoB test, this is the next best thing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#total-cholesterol\">Gesamtcholesterin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-hdl-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-HDL-Years<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Non-HDL-years is a cumulative exposure metric defined as the area under the non-HDL-cholesterol-versus-age curve; it captures the combined cholesterol content of all apoB-containing particles, including remnants, and has been validated in young-adult cohort studies as a predictor of cardiovascular risk, though no clear advantage over LDL-years has been demonstrated.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It broadens the exposure picture beyond LDL alone by including triglyceride-rich remnant particles that also contribute to atherogenesis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-invasive-test\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-Invasive Test<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A non-invasive test is a diagnostic procedure that obtains information about the body without breaking the skin or entering a body cavity; the coronary artery calcium scan is described as non-invasive because it requires only a brief CT scan rather than catheterization or surgery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing a test is non-invasive helps readers understand why it can be offered broadly as a screening tool rather than reserved for sick patients.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-obstructive-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-Obstructive Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherosclerotic plaque that occupies less than 50% of the coronary artery lumen, allowing blood to flow normally and typically producing no symptoms on standard stress testing; it is nonetheless the source of the majority of myocardial infarctions when it ruptures.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because it causes no obvious blockage, non-obstructive plaque is routinely missed by stress tests, highlighting the need for anatomical imaging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"non-synonymous-snp-single-nucleotide-polymorphism\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Non-Synonymous SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A single-letter change in a DNA coding sequence that alters the amino acid encoded at that position in the resulting protein, potentially changing the protein&#039;s structure, stability, or function; distinguished from synonymous SNPs, which change the DNA letter but not the amino acid.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Non-synonymous SNPs like the IL6R Asp358Ala variant are the molecular basis of many genetic &#039;shields&#039; and &#039;vulnerabilities&#039; discussed in cardiovascular genetics.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"noncalcified-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Noncalcified Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Atherosclerotic deposits within artery walls that have not yet undergone calcification; sometimes called &#039;soft&#039; plaque, these lesions are lipid-rich and structurally unstable, making them more prone to rupture and acute thrombosis than calcified plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most heart attacks originate from rupture of noncalcified rather than heavily calcified plaques, so detecting it is central to genuine heart attack prevention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"north-karelia-project\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nordkarelien-Projekt<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The North Karelia Project was a community-wide public-health programme launched in Finland in 1972 that targeted smoking, diet, and blood pressure across an entire regional population, and is cited as one of the clearest natural experiments showing that population-level risk-factor change \u2014 not medicine alone \u2014 can drive large reductions in coronary heart disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>North Karelia is the model example of how policy-driven, population-wide prevention can achieve cardiovascular gains that individual clinical treatment cannot replicate at scale.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"norvit-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NORVIT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized trial of 3,749 heart attack survivors treated with B vitamins for a median of 40 months that found no cardiovascular benefit from homocysteine lowering; a secondary comparison also identified a borderline signal suggesting possible harm in the group receiving all three vitamins together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the key trials establishing that lowering homocysteine after a heart attack does not improve outcomes and may warrant caution with combined B-vitamin regimens.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"norwegian-4x4-protocol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Norwegian 4\u00d74 Protocol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A high-intensity interval training structure consisting of four bouts of four minutes at 90\u201395% of maximum heart rate, each separated by three minutes of active recovery; it is the specific HIIT format studied for its ability to drive ventricular remodeling and improve VO\u2082max.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This precise protocol is the &#039;gold standard&#039; intervention discussed for reversing cardiac stiffness and triggering plaque regression.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"npc1l1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NPC1L1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>NPC1L1 ist der Transporter in Ihrem Darm, der Cholesterin aus der Nahrung und der Galle aufnimmt. Ezetimib blockiert ihn.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>People born with a less active version absorb less cholesterol and have fewer heart attacks \u2014 genetic confirmation, arriving before the drug trials finished, that this was a worthwhile target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#dietary-cholesterol\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#ezetimibe\">Ezetimib<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#improve-it\">IMPROVE-IT<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nrf2-nuclear-factor-erythroid-2-related-factor-2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A transcription factor that, when activated during plaque regression, upregulates antioxidant enzymes such as heme-oxygenase-1, thereby reducing reactive oxygen species, lowering endothelial permeability, and preserving nitric oxide bioavailability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a central molecular switch linking reduced oxidative stress to the structural improvements seen in regressing plaques.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nt-probnp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">NT-proBNP<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is a cardiac biomarker released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is under mechanical stress or pressure overload; elevated levels in otherwise asymptomatic adults can signal early heart failure or advancing cardiovascular disease before any symptoms appear.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A raised NT-proBNP can reveal hidden cardiac stress in someone who feels perfectly well, prompting earlier investigation or treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"number-needed-to-treat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Number Needed to Treat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Number needed to treat, or NNT, is how many people must take a treatment for one of them to benefit.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>An NNT of 50 means fifty people take the drug so that one avoids a heart attack. It sounds discouraging until you realize nobody knows in advance who the one will be \u2014 and that most preventive medicine works this way.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#primary-prevention\">Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><a href=\"#relative-risk\">Relatives Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nurses-health-study-nhs\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nurses&#039; Health Study (NHS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Nurses&#039; Health Study is a large, long-running prospective cohort of female registered nurses in the United States that has tracked lifestyle, diet, and health outcomes for decades; a pooled analysis of NHS and NHS II (117,025 women) is the primary dataset cited in this article for the association between resistance training and cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding where the &#039;44% lower MI risk&#039; figure comes from helps readers judge how much weight to give the finding.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nutritional-epidemiology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nutritional Epidemiology<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The branch of epidemiology that studies relationships between dietary patterns and disease outcomes in populations, relying primarily on observational data such as food-frequency questionnaires and disease registries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Much of the population evidence cited\u2014including the China\u2013Cornell\u2013Oxford Project and Adventist Health Studies\u2014comes from nutritional epidemiology, which has recognised limitations the reader should understand.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"nutritional-ketosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Nutritional Ketosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein metabolischer Zustand, der durch eine sehr kohlenhydratarme Ern\u00e4hrung bewusst aufrechterhalten wird und in dem das Blut-\u03b2-Hydroxybutyrat chronisch erh\u00f6ht ist (typischerweise 0,5\u20133 mmol\/l) und der K\u00f6rper bevorzugt Fett und Ketone zur Energiegewinnung verbrennt; zu unterscheiden von den viel h\u00f6heren Ketonwerten bei diabetischer Ketoazidose.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses this term when discussing long-term keto interventions in type 2 diabetes and their mixed effects on cardiovascular risk markers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-o\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">O<\/h2><article id=\"oatp1b1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">OATP1B1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>OATP1B1 is a hepatic uptake transporter encoded by the SLCO1B1 gene that actively carries statins \u2014 particularly hydrophilic ones \u2014 from the blood into liver cells; when its activity is reduced by genetic variants or drug interactions, statin plasma levels rise and muscle toxicity risk increases.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Many cases of statin muscle toxicity trace back to reduced OATP1B1 function, whether from genetics or interacting drugs, making it a key factor in personalized prescribing.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"obesity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Fettleibigkeit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fettleibigkeit bedeutet, so viel \u00fcbersch\u00fcssiges K\u00f6rperfett mit sich zu tragen, dass die Gesundheit beeintr\u00e4chtigt wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Where the fat sits matters as much as how much there is. Fat packed deep around the organs is far more harmful than the same weight carried on the hips and thighs, which is why two people at the same weight can have very different risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#belly-fat\">Belly Fat<\/a><a href=\"#body-mass-index\">Body Mass Index<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-health\">Metabolic Health<\/a><a href=\"#weight-loss\">Weight Loss<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"observational-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Observational Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Beobachtungsstudie betrachtet, was die Leute ohnehin tun, und verfolgt, was mit ihnen geschieht. Niemandem wird etwas zugeteilt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These studies are where most nutrition headlines come from. They are useful for generating ideas, but people who choose a habit differ in dozens of other ways, so they cannot prove the habit caused the result.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"occlusion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Occlusion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Verschluss ist die teilweise oder vollst\u00e4ndige Blockierung eines Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfes, die den normalen Blutfluss verhindert; ein Koronarverschluss reduziert oder unterbricht die Sauerstoffzufuhr zu dem von dieser Arterie versorgten Herzmuskel.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing what occlusion means clarifies how severely Peter&#039;s artery was compromised before his recovery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oceana-outcomes-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">OCEAN(a)-Outcomes Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>OCEAN(a)-Outcomes is an ongoing phase 3 cardiovascular outcomes trial testing whether olpasiran, an siRNA that lowers Lp(a), reduces hard cardiovascular events in patients with established atherosclerotic disease and elevated Lp(a).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its results will determine whether aggressively lowering the inherited Lp(a) form of ApoB can translate genetic risk reduction into fewer heart attacks and strokes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"odds-ratio-or\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Odds Ratio (OR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An odds ratio is a statistical measure expressing how much more (or less) likely an outcome is in one group compared with another; an OR of 1.71 for ApoB and coronary heart disease means that genetically higher ApoB is associated with 71% higher odds of developing the disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing how to read an odds ratio helps you judge how strong the evidence linking ApoB to heart disease really is.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"odyssey\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ODYSSEY<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>ODYSSEY OUTCOMES testete Alirocumab bei Patienten, die sich von einem k\u00fcrzlichen Herzinfarkt erholten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reduced repeat events and, in the highest-risk patients, deaths. Together with FOURIER it established PCSK9 inhibitors as genuine outcome drugs rather than just powerful number-movers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#alirocumab\">Alirocumab<\/a><a href=\"#fourier\">FOURIER<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"odyssey-outcomes-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large randomized controlled trial evaluating alirocumab in patients after an acute coronary syndrome; its cognitive safety data, alongside meta-analyses, showed no increased dementia risk with profound LDL lowering.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Corroborates FOURIER findings across a different PCSK9 inhibitor, strengthening the overall safety conclusion.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"okinawan-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Okinawische Di\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The traditional dietary pattern of Okinawa, Japan\u2014historically comprising approximately 69% sweet potatoes with very low animal product consumption\u2014associated with one of the world&#039;s highest concentrations of centenarians.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a real-world example of an extremely high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet linked to exceptional longevity, directly contradicting the premise of low-carbohydrate diets for long life.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-great-nutrition-debate-evidence-based-realities-of-paleo-keto-caveman-vs-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-longevity-and-heart-disease\/\">Die gro\u00dfe Ern\u00e4hrungsdebatte: Evidenzbasierte Realit\u00e4ten von Paleo-\/Keto-\/Steinzeit- im Vergleich zu vollwertigen, pflanzlichen Ern\u00e4hrungsweisen f\u00fcr Langlebigkeit und Herzerkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oleocanthal\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oleocanthal<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A naturally occurring phenolic compound in extra-virgin olive oil that inhibits inflammatory enzymes in a manner similar to ibuprofen; it is proposed as one mechanism by which the Mediterranean diet reduces vascular inflammation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives a specific biological reason\u2014beyond &#039;healthy fats&#039;\u2014why olive oil is associated with lower cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oligodendrocytes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oligodendrocytes<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oligodendrocytes are glial cells in the central nervous system responsible for producing myelin, the insulating sheath that wraps around nerve fibers and enables rapid electrical signal transmission; TMAO-induced pyroptosis of oligodendrocytes causes demyelination, impairing neural communication and contributing to cognitive decline.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Damage to these cells by TMAO provides a direct cellular link between gut bacteria metabolism and brain disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"olive-oil\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oliven\u00f6l ist das Hauptfett der mediterranen Ern\u00e4hrung, reich an einfach unges\u00e4ttigten Fetts\u00e4uren und in der Form als natives Oliven\u00f6l extra an Pflanzenstoffen, den sogenannten Polyphenolen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a reasonable fat to build a diet around. Where the evidence gets stretched is in claims that it is uniquely protective \u2014 much of its benefit appears to come from replacing worse fats rather than from special properties of its own.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#monounsaturated-fat\">Monounsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#seed-oils\">Samen\u00f6le<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"olpasiran\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Olpasiran<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Olpasiran is a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) drug in phase 3 clinical development that dramatically reduces circulating Lp(a) levels by silencing the gene responsible for its production in the liver.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents one of the first potential treatments for the inherited cardiovascular risk carried by elevated Lp(a), which statins cannot address.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"omega-3-fatty-acids\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Omega-3 Fatty Acids<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Omega-3s are fats found mainly in oily fish, walnuts, and flaxseed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They clearly lower triglycerides at high doses. Whether ordinary fish oil capsules prevent heart attacks is much less certain, and trial results have been mixed depending on the dose and the exact form used.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#polyunsaturated-fat\">Polyunsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"optical-coherence-tomography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Optische Koh\u00e4renztomographie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die optische Koh\u00e4renztomographie, kurz OCT, f\u00fchrt eine lichtbasierte Sonde in eine Koronararterie ein. Sie liefert etwa zehnmal detailgenauere Bilder als Ultraschall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the only tool that can actually measure the thickness of a plaque&#039;s fibrous cap in a living person. That makes it the standard for asking whether a treatment made a plaque safer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#huygens\">Huygens<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"optimal-medical-therapy-omt\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Optimal Medical Therapy (OMT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>OMT bezeichnet das komplette Paket an evidenzbasierten medikament\u00f6sen Behandlungen und Lebensstilinterventionen \u2013 typischerweise einschlie\u00dflich Statinen, Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern, Blutdruckkontrolle und Lebensstilmodifikation \u2013, die als standardm\u00e4\u00dfige nicht-chirurgische Behandlung der koronaren Herzkrankheit eingesetzt werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The major trials in this article compare surgery and stenting against OMT, making it essential to understand what OMT actually involves.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oral-anticoagulation-oac\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Orale Antikoagulation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Drug therapy that reduces the blood&#039;s ability to clot, used in atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke caused by clots forming in the atria; common agents include warfarin and the newer direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For the Masters athlete with AF, stopping OAC can more than double stroke risk \u2014 a danger that persists even after a &#039;successful&#039; ablation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"orbita-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ORBITA Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial completed in 2017 that compared coronary stenting with a placebo procedure in patients with stable angina and found no significant difference in exercise tolerance or symptom relief between the two groups.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>ORBITA was the first placebo-controlled trial of stenting and provided the strongest evidence that much of the perceived benefit of elective stenting may be a placebo effect.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-ins-and-outs-of-cardiac-stents\/\">Read: The Ins and Outs of Cardiac Stents<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"orion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Orion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The ORION trials tested inclisiran, the twice-yearly injection that silences PCSK9 production inside liver cells.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They showed LDL staying roughly halved with only two doses a year. The finding matters as much for adherence as for chemistry \u2014 a treatment you cannot forget to take.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#adherence\">Einhaltung<\/a><a href=\"#inclisiran\">Inclisiran<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"orion-trials-orion-1-orion-10-orion-11\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ORION Trials (ORION-1, ORION-10, ORION-11)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A series of phase 2 and phase 3 randomized trials evaluating inclisiran in patients with elevated LDL cholesterol; the trials established that two injections in the first year followed by one injection every six months produced sustained LDL-C reductions of approximately 50%.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The ORION program is the direct evidence base for inclisiran&#039;s twice-yearly dosing schedule\u2014the central promise of the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ornish-lifestyle-heart-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ornish-Lifestyle-Herzstudie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized controlled trial led by Dean Ornish that tested whether a comprehensive lifestyle program\u2014including a very low-fat, whole-food, plant-based diet, moderate exercise, stress management, and social support\u2014could halt or reverse coronary atherosclerosis without lipid-lowering drugs; 82% of intervention participants showed measurable plaque regression at one year.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This trial is the primary evidence cited for the claim that coronary artery disease can be partially reversed through lifestyle alone, making it a landmark reference for anyone reading about heart disease resolution.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ornish-program\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ornish-Programm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Ornish program (Lifestyle Heart Trial) is an intensive multicomponent intervention combining a very-low-fat whole-food plant-based diet (under 10 percent of calories from fat), stress management, moderate exercise, and group support, which reported angiographic regression of coronary lesions in a small randomized trial; the dietary effect cannot be fully separated from the co-interventions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is frequently cited as evidence that diet can &#039;reverse&#039; heart disease, though the review notes the angiographic signal rests on limited evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"osteogenic-differentiation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Osteogenic Differentiation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A biological process in which vascular smooth muscle cells or other arterial wall cells adopt a bone-cell-like phenotype and deposit calcium-containing mineral, driving plaque calcification; it is a key mechanism underlying the formation of coronary artery calcium.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This process links chronic inflammation and lipid infiltration to the calcification that a CAC scan detects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"outcome-wide-umbrella-review\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Outcome-Wide Umbrella Review<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A systematic synthesis that pools results across multiple meta-analyses covering many different health outcomes simultaneously, often combining observational, Mendelian randomization, and interventional evidence to assess the overall evidence base for a given exposure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The 2025 umbrella review cited in this article represents one of the most comprehensive assessments of homocysteine&#039;s causal role across all cardiovascular outcomes, making it important for interpreting the overall evidence.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"outward-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Outward Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die nach au\u00dfen gerichtete Gef\u00e4\u00dfwandremodellierung (auch als kompensatorische oder positive Remodellierung bezeichnet) ist der Prozess, bei dem eine Arterie ihren Au\u00dfendurchmesser vergr\u00f6\u00dfert, um wachsender Plaque Platz zu machen, wodurch das innere Lumen erhalten bleibt, selbst wenn die Arterienwand st\u00e4rker erkrankt; aus diesem Grund k\u00f6nnen Standardtests, die nur die Lumen\u00f6ffnung messen, eine erhebliche Atherosklerose \u00fcbersehen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding outward remodeling explains why a &#039;clear&#039; angiogram does not guarantee healthy arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxidative-phosphorylation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxidative Phosphorylation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The mitochondrial process by which cells use oxygen to generate ATP, the body&#039;s primary energy currency; aerobic training increases the efficiency of this process, allowing more power output from the same oxygen delivery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the core energy pathway stressed in prolonged cardiovascular exercise and a primary target of endurance training adaptations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxidative-stress\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxidative Stress<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oxidative stress is an imbalance between damaging reactive molecules and the body&#039;s ability to neutralize them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It contributes to modifying LDL particles inside the artery wall, which is what makes them inflammatory. Supplementing antioxidants has nonetheless failed to prevent heart attacks, so the mechanism has not translated into a treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#antioxidant\">Antioxidans<\/a><a href=\"#oxidized-ldl\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/a><a href=\"#reactive-oxygen-species\">Reactive Oxygen Species<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxidized-ldl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oxidized LDL is an LDL particle that has been chemically damaged after getting stuck in an artery wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This damage is what makes the immune system treat it as an invader. A normal LDL particle is largely ignored; a damaged one triggers the whole inflammatory cascade that builds a plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#antioxidant\">Antioxidans<\/a><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxidized-phospholipids-oxpl-natural-autoantibodies-e06\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxidized Phospholipids (OxPL) \/ Natural Autoantibodies (E06)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oxidized phospholipids are pro-atherogenic lipid fragments generated when LDL is oxidized within the artery wall; E06 is a naturally occurring IgM autoantibody that specifically neutralizes these oxidized phospholipids, representing an innate immunological defense mechanism that can limit foam cell formation and plaque progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The level of these protective antibodies varies between individuals and may partly explain why some people accumulate far less dangerous plaque despite similar LDL levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxygen-debt-excess-post-exercise-oxygen-consumption\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxygen Debt (Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A state reached during intense aerobic exercise when oxygen supply to working muscles falls short of demand, forcing partial reliance on anaerobic energy pathways and causing a rapid accumulation of metabolic byproducts that impair continued effort.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In a purely aerobic, 60-minute maximal event, incurring oxygen debt prematurely is a critical pacing error with direct cardiovascular consequences.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"oxysterols\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Oxysterols<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Oxysterols are oxidised derivatives of cholesterol formed when cholesterol reacts with oxygen; within cells they act as signalling molecules that activate LXR and promote INSIG-mediated retention of the SCAP\u2013SREBP complex, thereby suppressing further cholesterol synthesis and stimulating its export.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They act as the cell&#039;s internal cholesterol sensor, linking excess cholesterol to the mechanisms that export it and prevent toxic build-up.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-p\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">P<\/h2><article id=\"p-value\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">P-Value<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein p-Wert sch\u00e4tzt ab, wie wahrscheinlich es w\u00e4re, ein Ergebnis zu sehen, das mindestens ebenso auff\u00e4llig ist, wenn die Behandlung \u00fcberhaupt nichts bewirkt h\u00e4tte.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The conventional cutoff of 0.05 is a convention, not a law of nature. A small p-value says a result is unlikely to be chance; it says nothing about whether the effect is large enough to matter to a patient.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#confidence-interval\">Confidence Interval<\/a><a href=\"#statistical-power\">Statistical Power<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"p70s6k1-and-4e-bp1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">p70S6K1 and 4E-BP1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>p70S6K1 (S6 kinase 1) and 4E-BP1 are two downstream signaling proteins that mTORC1 phosphorylates to initiate the translation of messenger RNA into new muscle proteins; their activation is the molecular &#039;green light&#039; that converts an amino acid signal into actual muscle building. Measuring their phosphorylation is a standard laboratory readout of anabolic signaling in muscle biopsy studies.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are the immediate molecular targets whose blunted activation in older muscle explains why the same protein meal produces less muscle repair than in younger adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pacific-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PACIFIC-1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine klinische Studie, in der KI-gest\u00fctzte quantitative CT-Koronarangiographie (KI-QCT) direkt mit menschlichen Experten verglichen wurde; KI-QCT erreichte eine AUC von 0,91 f\u00fcr den Nachweis einer obstruktiven Stenose und \u00fcbertraf damit Kardiologen mit Level-3-Expertenstatus, die einen Wert von 0,77 erzielten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key evidence cited in this article to demonstrate that AI surpasses even the most experienced human readers in coronary plaque assessment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pacing-metronomic-pacing\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pacing (Metronomic Pacing)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A race strategy in which a cyclist maintains a near-constant lap time throughout an effort rather than surging and recovering; metronomic pacing is considered optimal for Hour Record attempts because any deviation above threshold pace is very difficult to recover from.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Precise pacing\u2014Megdal was within three hundredths of a second per lap\u2014was identified as a critical factor separating his successful record from his earlier failures.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pack-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pack-Years<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pack-years is a standardized measure of cumulative tobacco exposure calculated by multiplying the number of packs smoked per day by the number of years of smoking; the article uses it as the conceptual model for thinking about cumulative apoB exposure, noting that both metrics are imperfect summaries of lifetime exposure that carry more prognostic weight than a single current measurement.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The analogy helps explain why a single cholesterol reading \u2014 like a single day&#039;s cigarette count \u2014 captures little of the lifetime risk story.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pacman-ami\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PACMAN-AMI<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PACMAN-AMI gave a PCSK9 inhibitor to patients immediately after a heart attack and imaged their non-culprit arteries with three different catheter techniques.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque shrank, caps thickened, and fat content fell \u2014 all within a year. It showed how quickly aggressive lowering starts changing plaque structure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#huygens\">Huygens<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paleo-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pal\u00e4o-Di\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A dietary framework developed by Loren Cordain based on the premise that human metabolism is best adapted to the foods available to pre-agricultural hunter-gatherers, emphasising lean meats, fish, vegetables, fruits, and nuts while excluding grains, legumes, and dairy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The Paleo Diet is one of the two competing paradigms at the centre of this debate and underpins Cordain&#039;s position on optimal protein intake.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"para-athlete\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Para Athlete<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A competitive athlete who has an eligible physical, visual, or intellectual impairment recognized by governing sports bodies; Para athletes compete under classifications that account for the functional impact of their disability on performance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this term helps readers appreciate that Megdal&#039;s records are set within a structured classification system, not simply despite his disability.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paracycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Paracycling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A competitive cycling discipline for athletes with physical, visual, or intellectual impairments, sanctioned by the UCI and organized into classification categories (C1\u2013C5) based on the degree of functional limitation, with C5 representing the least severe impairment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding paracycling categories helps readers appreciate how athletes with physical challenges compete at elite levels.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paracycling-national-record\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Paracycling National Record<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The officially ratified best performance in a cycling discipline achieved by a para athlete competing within a specific national classification category, such as the C5 limb-impairment class for the hour event.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing how performance records are classified for para athletes contextualises cardiac rehabilitation and return-to-sport benchmarks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paradigm-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PARADIGM Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PARADIGM (Progression of AtheRosclerotic PlAque DetermIned by Computed TomoGraphic Angiography IMaging) is a serial CCTA registry study that tracked changes in coronary plaque composition over time, providing key evidence that statin therapy shifts plaques toward denser, more stable calcium phenotypes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the main studies cited to explain why a rising CAC score on statins can reflect plaque healing rather than worsening disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paroxysmal-af\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Paroxysmal AF<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Form von Vorhofflimmern, bei der die Episoden von selbst beginnen und aufh\u00f6ren, typischerweise innerhalb von 48 Stunden, jedoch per Definition innerhalb von 7 Tagen; im Allgemeinen mit besseren Ablationsergebnissen verbunden als persistentes oder langanhaltend persistentes VHF.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article notes that athletes with paroxysmal AF have a better chance of returning to high-level training after ablation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"partial-pressure-of-oxygen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Partial Pressure of Oxygen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The portion of total atmospheric pressure contributed by oxygen; at 6,000 feet above sea level it is approximately 80 percent of its sea-level value, reducing the driving force that pushes oxygen from the lungs into the blood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key physical variable that makes high-altitude exercise harder and that athletes and researchers use to predict performance trade-offs at elevation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"particle-burden\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Particle Burden<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Partikelbelastung bezeichnet die Gesamtzahl der im Plasma zirkulierenden atherogenen Lipoproteinpartikel, die sich am besten durch ApoB messen l\u00e4sst; sie unterscheidet sich von der Cholesterinmasse, da es die physische Anzahl der Partikel ist \u2013 und nicht die Menge des von ihnen transportierten Cholesterins \u2013, die bestimmt, wie h\u00e4ufig Lipoproteine in die Arterienwand eindringen und dort eingeschlossen werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Particle burden is the core concept behind modern cardiovascular risk assessment that goes beyond a standard cholesterol panel.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"patent\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Patent<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In vascular medicine, patent describes a blood vessel that is open and freely conducting blood flow, as opposed to one that is narrowed or occluded; when a previously blocked artery is described as patent, it means blood is once again moving through it unobstructed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what &#039;patent&#039; means helps readers grasp the significance of Peter&#039;s artery reopening after years of intensive treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pathogenic-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pathogenic Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pathogenic variant is a gene mutation that has been demonstrated to cause or substantially increase the risk of a specific disease; in the context of inherited cardiac risk, it refers to mutations in genes such as those underlying Familial Hypercholesterolemia that markedly elevate lifetime heart disease probability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing whether you may carry one determines whether standard population-level screening thresholds apply to you.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pathognomonic\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pathognomonic<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pathognomonic sign is one so specifically characteristic of a particular disease that its presence alone is sufficient to confirm the diagnosis; in HoFH, cutaneous and tendon xanthomas appearing before age four are considered pathognomonic because they are caused by cholesterol spillover so extreme it is almost exclusively seen in this condition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing pathognomonic signs on a child&#039;s skin can trigger an early diagnosis that dramatically changes their prognosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"patrimonio-comunal-olivarero\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero is a Spanish olive-oil trade organization whose stated purpose is to promote Spanish olive-oil exports; it supplied the intervention oil and co-funded both PREDIMED and CORDIOPREV, making it the single industry sponsor entangled with virtually the entire randomized-trial evidence base for olive oil&#039;s cardiovascular efficacy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Industry funding from an organization with a commercial interest in the outcome is a recognized source of bias that readers must weigh when evaluating olive oil trial results.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"paxlovid-nirmatrelvir-ritonavir\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir\/Ritonavir)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An oral antiviral medication authorized for treatment of COVID-19 in adults at high risk of severe illness; it works by inhibiting a protease the SARS-CoV-2 virus needs to replicate.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what Paxlovid is clarifies how Megdal managed an acute illness just weeks before a maximal cardiovascular effort.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pbx1-pre-b-cell-leukemia-homeobox-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PBX1 (Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Homeobox 1)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pioneer transcription factor whose genomic variants, identified in studies of &#039;super-resilient&#039; older adults, are associated with maintenance of vascular structural integrity and preserved arterial elasticity with advancing age; it is hypothesized to regulate gene networks that counteract age-related arterial stiffening and degradation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Genetic variants near PBX1 may partly explain why some individuals&#039; arteries remain youthful and flexible into old age despite other risk factors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pcsk9\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PCSK9<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PCSK9 ist ein von der Leber produziertes Protein, das die Andockstellen zerst\u00f6rt, die Ihre Leber nutzt, um Cholesterin aus Ihrem Blut zu entfernen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Fewer ports means more cholesterol staying in circulation. People born with a broken version of this protein have low cholesterol and remarkably few heart attacks \u2014 a discovery that led directly to a whole class of new drugs.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pcsk9-inhibitor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein PCSK9-Hemmer ist ein Medikament, das dieses cholesterinabbauende Protein blockiert, wodurch mehr Andockstellen frei bleiben, um Partikel aus dem Blut zu entfernen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These are injections, not pills, given every two to four weeks. They can cut LDL and ApoB by half or more even on top of a statin, and they are especially valuable for inherited high cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#evolocumab\">Evolocumab<\/a><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#inclisiran\">Inclisiran<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pcsk9-monoclonal-antibodies-mabs\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Injectable protein-based drugs\u2014such as evolocumab and alirocumab\u2014that bind and neutralize circulating PCSK9 protein, preventing it from tagging LDL receptors for degradation; administered every two to four weeks, they can reduce LDL-C by approximately 50\u201360% on top of statin therapy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PCSK9 mAbs established that very deep LDL lowering is both safe and effective, paving the way for inclisiran and gene-editing approaches that target the same pathway.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pcsk9-null-variant\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PCSK9 Null Variant<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An extremely rare genetic variant that abolishes PCSK9 function entirely, resulting in LDL-C levels as low as approximately 15 mg\/dL from birth; individuals with this phenotype appear to have normal neurocognitive function, providing a human proof-of-concept for profound systemic LDL depletion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>If even complete absence of PCSK9 function is cognitively safe, it sets an important lower bound for drug-induced LDL lowering.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pday\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PDAY<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PDAY, short for Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth, examined the arteries of young people aged 15 to 34 who died of other causes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Raised lesions were already present in a substantial fraction of them, and the amount tracked with their cholesterol and smoking. Along with Bogalusa, it is why prevention is now discussed as a lifelong project.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#bogalusa-heart-study\">Bogalusa-Herz-Studie<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#fatty-streak\">Fatty Streak<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pday-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PDAY Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study was a pathological study that examined the coronary arteries and aortas of young people aged 15\u201334 who died from unrelated causes such as accidents; it demonstrated that early atherosclerotic lesions \u2014 fatty streaks and more advanced plaques \u2014 were already present in most adolescents and young adults, decades before any cli\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key evidence behind the article&#039;s central point that heart disease begins far earlier in life than most people assume.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pelacarsen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pelacarsen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pelacarsen is an RNA-targeted therapy (an antisense oligonucleotide) designed to lower lipoprotein(a) by reducing its production in the liver; it is given by intravenous or subcutaneous injection every few weeks and is currently in late-stage trials to determine whether Lp(a) reduction translates into fewer cardiovascular events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Lipoprotein(a) is a major residual risk factor not addressed by statins, and pelacarsen represents a new class of drugs aimed at closing that gap.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"percent-atheroma-volume\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Percent Atheroma Volume<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das prozentuale Atheromvolumen, oder PAV, ist der Anteil eines Arteriensegments, der von Plaque statt von einem offenen Kanal eingenommen wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the standard yardstick in plaque-regression trials. Because it is a percentage of the whole vessel, it is fairer than measuring one spot \u2014 and it reveals how small real regression is, usually a change of one or two percentage points.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glagov\">GLAGOV<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-volume\">Plaquevolumen<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"percent-diameter-stenosis-ds\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Percent Diameter Stenosis (%DS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The percentage reduction in a coronary artery&#039;s luminal diameter at its narrowest point relative to a healthy reference segment in the same vessel; the Megdal Serial Angiogram uses %DS to grade severity\u2014mild, moderate, or severe\u2014and to quantify regression between the 2014 and 2018 studies.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding %DS lets patients see exactly how much a blockage has shrunk and how doctors classify its danger level.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/expert-angiographic-evaluation-of-coronary-artery-disease-regression-the-megdal-serial-angiogram-2014-2018\/\">Read: Expert Angiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease Regression: The Megdal Serial Angiogram (2014\u20132018)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"percutaneous-coronary-intervention-pci\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Perkutan koronare Intervention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Percutaneous coronary intervention is a minimally invasive procedure, commonly known as angioplasty with or without stenting, in which a catheter is used to open a blocked coronary artery; it is included in the article as one of the four components of the composite major CVD endpoint tracked in the Nurses&#039; Health Study analysis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PCI is part of the outcome definition used to measure whether resistance training prevents serious cardiac events.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"perimenopausal-depression-pmd\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Perimenopausal Depression (PMD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pattern of clinically significant depressive symptoms that emerges specifically during the menopausal transition, driven by rapid fluctuations in estrogen rather than sustained low levels; women with a prior history of PMD are particularly susceptible to symptom recurrence with hormone flux.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing PMD from general depression clarifies why some women&#039;s mood symptoms are uniquely tied to hormone changes rather than life circumstances alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"periodontitis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Periodontitis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Chronic bacterial infection and inflammation of the gums and supporting tooth structures; the bacteria can enter the bloodstream and raise systemic CRP levels, making it an underrecognized driver of cardiovascular inflammatory risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It shows that heart risk extends beyond the arteries\u2014treating gum disease is a measurable way to lower inflammation throughout the body.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"peripheral-artery-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Peripheral artery disease is plaque narrowing the arteries in your legs.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The classic symptom is cramping calf pain when walking that goes away with rest. It is important beyond the legs: if plaque is bad enough there to cause symptoms, it is almost certainly present in the heart too.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#cardiovascular-disease\">Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung<\/a><a href=\"#smoking\">Rauchen<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"peroxynitrite\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Peroxynitrite<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A reactive nitrogen species formed when nitric oxide is neutralized by superoxide radicals; its production during postprandial oxidative stress sharply reduces the bioavailable nitric oxide needed for arterial dilation and anti-atherogenic vascular function.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the chemical step that explains why a high-fat meal impairs artery function for hours afterward.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pesa-cohort\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PESA Cohort<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) is a Spanish prospective cohort of asymptomatic adults aged 40 to 54 in which multisite vascular imaging detected subclinical atherosclerosis in 63 percent of participants, demonstrating the high burden of silent arterial disease in middle age.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reinforces that most early atherosclerosis is invisible to standard clinical evaluation, underlining the case for prevention before symptoms develop.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pesco-vegetarian\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pesco-Vegetarian<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Ern\u00e4hrungsweise, die Fleisch und Gefl\u00fcgel ausschlie\u00dft, aber Fisch und Meeresfr\u00fcchte neben pflanzlichen Lebensmitteln einschlie\u00dft; in der AHS-2-Kohorte wiesen Pesco-Vegetarier den st\u00e4rksten \u00dcberlebensvorteil aller untersuchten Ern\u00e4hrungssubgruppen auf.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this subgroup matters because the blanket label &#039;vegetarian&#039; obscures meaningful differences in cardiovascular and longevity outcomes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pharmacologic-floor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pharmacologic Floor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pharmacologic floor is the concept of using targeted medications to set a minimum acceptable level for key risk factors\u2014such as ApoB, blood pressure, or inflammation\u2014ensuring that lifestyle-driven improvements are supplemented rather than replaced by drug therapy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This strategy represents the &#039;best of both worlds&#039; approach that combines fitness with precision medicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"phospholipid-transfer-protein-pltp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Phospholipid-Transfer-Protein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP) is a plasma protein that captures phospholipids shed from the surface of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as they deliver their cargo, then transfers those phospholipids to nascent HDL particles, enabling them to mature.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains a key step in how HDL particles grow and why lipoprotein metabolism is more complex than a simple &#039;good cholesterol vs. bad cholesterol&#039; picture.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"photon-counting-ct-pcct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Photon-Counting CT (PCCT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine CT-Detektortechnologie der n\u00e4chsten Generation, die einzelne R\u00f6ntgenphotonen registriert, anstatt deren Energie zu mitteln, was im Vergleich zu herk\u00f6mmlichen Detektoren eine h\u00f6here r\u00e4umliche Aufl\u00f6sung und reduzierte Blooming-Artefakte liefert; sie wird zur Verbesserung sowohl der Kalziumquantifizierung als auch der Charakterisierung nicht verkalkter Plaques evaluiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Better imaging means fewer lesions missed, which is critical when deciding whether a fit athlete with a moderate score truly has stable disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"physiological-threshold\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Physiological Threshold<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The exercise intensity beyond which the body can no longer sustain aerobic energy production and begins to accumulate fatigue products rapidly, making it impossible to maintain that effort level; exceeding it early in a race causes premature collapse in pace.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal describes starting below this threshold and building into record pace as the key tactical lesson he learned after multiple failed attempts.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"phytosterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Phytosterol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Phytosterole sind das pflanzliche \u00c4quivalent zu Cholesterin, kommen in N\u00fcssen, Samen und Pflanzen\u00f6len vor und werden einigen Margarinen zugesetzt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They block some cholesterol absorption and lower LDL by a few percent. A rare inherited condition causes them to build up dangerously, which is why they are not simply harmless in everyone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#dietary-cholesterol\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#npc1l1\">NPC1L1<\/a><a href=\"#sterol\">Sterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"piezo1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Piezo1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein found in arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells that converts physical forces such as pressure and wall stretch into intracellular chemical signals, a process called mechanotransduction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article identifies Piezo1 as the sensor that detects the high blood pressures generated during intense exercise and triggers downstream changes\u2014including increased biglycan production\u2014that may promote lipoprotein retention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pill-in-the-pocket-class-i-antiarrhythmics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pill-in-the-Pocket (Class I Antiarrhythmics)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An as-needed dosing strategy using Class I sodium-channel\u2013blocking drugs such as flecainide or propafenone, taken only when an AF episode begins in order to restore sinus rhythm; athletes using this approach must avoid intense exercise until the drug has cleared (up to two days) because of the risk of pro-arrhythmic effects during adrenergic stress.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It offers a way to manage infrequent AF episodes without daily performance-limiting medication, but carries specific safety rules athletes must follow.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cardiovascular-risk-management-and-training-modification-for-the-masters-athlete-50-with-treated-atrial-fibrillation-an-expert-report\/\">Lesen: Kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risikomanagement und Trainingsanpassung f\u00fcr den Masters-Sportler (50+) mit behandlungsbed\u00fcrftigem Vorhofflimmern: Ein Expertenbericht<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pilosebaceous-unit\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pilosebaceous Unit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The anatomical structure consisting of a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous (oil) gland; in acne vulgaris, excess sebum production, follicular keratin plugging, and bacterial activity within this unit trigger the inflammation that can ultimately scar the skin.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article uses acne and its pilosebaceous pathology as the central analogy for explaining how an active inflammatory process can be cured while structural scars remain\u2014a framework then applied directly to atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pitavastatin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pitavastatin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A statin notable for being highly potent per milligram, lowering LDL-C approximately 33\u201355% across its dose range of 1\u201316 mg\/day and outperforming pravastatin at equivalent milligram doses in head-to-head studies.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Allows meaningful LDL reduction with a small pill dose, relevant for athletes seeking efficacy without high-dose statin exposure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"placebo\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Placebo<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Placebo ist eine Scheinbehandlung \u2013 eine Zuckertablette oder eine Kochsalzl\u00f6sung \u2013, die verabreicht wird, damit Forscher erkennen k\u00f6nnen, was ein echtes Medikament tats\u00e4chlich bewirkt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>People genuinely improve on placebos, which is exactly why it is needed. Without a placebo group, you cannot separate the drug&#039;s effect from hope, attention, and time.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#nocebo-effect\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plant-based-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plant-Based Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine pflanzliche oder \u00fcberwiegend pflanzliche Ern\u00e4hrung basiert haupts\u00e4chlich auf Gem\u00fcse, Obst, Bohnen, Vollkornprodukten, N\u00fcssen und Samen, wobei tierische Lebensmittel eingeschr\u00e4nkt sind oder ganz fehlen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These diets reliably lower LDL and ApoB, mostly by cutting saturated fat and adding fiber. Whether they do anything extra for arteries beyond that particle-lowering effect is an active and unsettled research question.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fiber\">Faser<\/a><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#vegetarian-diet\">Vegetarian Diet<\/a><a href=\"#whole-food-plant-based-diet\">Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plant-to-animal-protein-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plant-to-Animal Protein Ratio<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measure of the proportion of dietary protein derived from plant sources (legumes, grains, nuts) relative to animal sources (meat, dairy, eggs); the article identifies a high plant-to-animal protein ratio as a key feature of the &#039;winning&#039; whole-food, plant-dominant dietary pattern for cardiovascular protection.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Tracking this ratio rather than total protein intake may be a more practical cardiovascular risk-reduction target than simply counting grams of protein.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque ist die Ansammlung von Cholesterin, Immunzellen, Narbengewebe und Kalzium in einer Arterienwand.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is not like grease coating the inside of a pipe. It grows within the wall itself, often for thirty years or more, without causing a single symptom.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-burden\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaquebelaastung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque-Last ist die Gesamtmenge an Plaque in Ihren Arterien, und zwar \u00fcberall \u2013 nicht nur an der schlimmsten Einzelstelle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This turns out to predict heart attacks better than how narrow any one artery is. Someone with widespread mild disease can be at higher risk than someone with one impressive-looking blockage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#plaque\">Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-burden-indices\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Burden Indices<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Quantitative Bildgebungsmetriken \u2013 vor allem das prozentuale Atheromvolumen (PAV) und das Gesamtatheromvolumen (TAV) \u2013, die die Gesamtmenge an Plaque in einem Koronarsegment unabh\u00e4ngig von der Lumen Gr\u00f6\u00dfe messen; da sie durch Remodeling nicht beeinflusst werden, gelten sie zur Verfolgung des therapeutischen Ansprechens als zuverl\u00e4ssiger als der Lumendurchmesser.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Tracking plaque burden rather than lumen width gives a truer picture of whether treatment is working, especially when remodeling masks changes in lumen size.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-calcification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Calcification<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A process in which calcium phosphate crystals are deposited within atherosclerotic plaques, driven by osteogenic-like differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells; calcified plaques are structurally stable but largely irreversible even when active disease is suppressed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque calcification explains why stopping heart disease does not erase all evidence of it\u2014calcified lesions persist as &#039;scars,&#039; which is central to the article&#039;s cure-versus-reversal distinction.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-chronicity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Chronicity<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The concept that calcification within atherosclerotic plaque reflects older, more stable disease that has undergone fibrous and calcium deposition over time, rather than active, vulnerable disease; it is why high calcium scores indicate cumulative long-term burden rather than imminent rupture risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It clarifies why calcified plaque is paradoxically more stable than soft plaque, even though a high calcium score still signals significant overall disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ldl-bad-cholesterol-apolipoprotein-b-imaging-resolution-and-the-illusion-of-normal-coronary-arteries-at-age-60\/\">Read: LDL \u201cBAD\u201d Cholesterol: Apolipoprotein B, Imaging Resolution, and the Illusion of \u201cNormal\u201d Coronary Arteries at Age 60<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-crystallization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Crystallization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque crystallization refers to the transient formation of cholesterol crystals within a plaque during the early phase of regression, documented in primate studies at around six months of cholesterol lowering before the crystals dissolve as the lipid pool further clears.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps explain why plaques may look temporarily more complex on imaging early in treatment before improving.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-disruption\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque-Disruption<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Aufbrechen, Rei\u00dfen oder die Oberfl\u00e4chenerosion einer atheromat\u00f6sen Plaque, die eine lokale Thrombusbildung ausl\u00f6st; bei MINOCA kann die Plaque zu klein sein, um eine Stenose von \u226550% zu verursachen, und das daraus entstehende Gerinnsel kann sich vor der Angiographie aufl\u00f6sen oder embolisieren, sodass das Gef\u00e4\u00df scheinbar offen bleibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque disruption explains why a heart attack can occur and then leave &#039;clear&#039; arteries on angiography minutes or hours later.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-erosion\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Erosion<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque erosion is when the lining over a plaque simply wears away and a clot forms, without the cap tearing open.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It causes a meaningful share of heart attacks, and it behaves differently from rupture \u2014 often in younger patients, more often in women and smokers. It may respond differently to treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-phenotype\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque-Ph\u00e4notyp<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Als Plaque-Ph\u00e4notyp werden die biologischen und strukturellen Eigenschaften einer atherosklerotischen L\u00e4sion bezeichnet \u2013 einschlie\u00dflich der Gr\u00f6\u00dfe ihres lipidreichen nekrotischen Kerns, der Dicke der fibrotischen Kappe, des Verkalkungsgrads und des Gehalts an Entz\u00fcndungszellen \u2013, die zusammen bestimmen, ob eine Plaque stabil ist oder ein hohes Rupturrisiko aufweist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Two plaques of identical size can carry very different risks; knowing the phenotype is what distinguishes a dangerous plaque from a stable one.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-regression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque-Regression bedeutet, dass bereits vorhandene Plaque tats\u00e4chlich kleiner wird, anstatt nur langsamer zu wachsen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is possible, and it has been photographed happening with intensive cholesterol lowering. But the changes are modest \u2014 usually a few percent of plaque volume. Beware anyone promising to melt your arteries clean.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cure-versus-reversal\">Cure Versus Reversal<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-rupture\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Plaque-Ruptur liegt vor, wenn die sch\u00fctzende Kappe \u00fcber einer Plaque aufrei\u00dft und ihren Inhalt in den Blutkreislauf abgibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Your body responds the way it responds to any wound: it forms a clot. Except this clot is inside a coronary artery, and it can block it completely within minutes. This is how most heart attacks actually happen.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-stabilization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Stabilization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaquestabilisierung bewirkt, dass eine bestehende Plaque weniger wahrscheinlich aufbricht \u2013 indem ihre Kappe verdickt, ihr fetter Kern verkleinert und die Entz\u00fcndung in ihrem Inneren beruhigt wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is probably the main reason cholesterol medicines start preventing heart attacks within months, long before any measurable amount of plaque has disappeared. Safer matters more than smaller.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-threshold\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque Threshold<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The plaque threshold is the individual-specific cumulative level of atherogenic lipoprotein exposure at which enough lesion burden has accumulated to produce a clinically meaningful cardiovascular event such as a heart attack or stroke. Risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking effectively lower this threshold, meaning events occur at a smaller cumulative exposure, while a metaboli\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why two people with the same LDL level can have very different heart-attack risk depending on how long they have had that level and what other risk factors are present.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-volume\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaquevolumen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque-Volumen ist die gesamte physische Menge an Plaque in einem Arterienabschnitt, gemessen in Kubikmillimetern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It captures something percentage narrowing misses. An artery can hold a large volume of plaque while looking barely narrowed, because the vessel expanded outward to accommodate it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#arterial-remodeling\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/a><a href=\"#percent-atheroma-volume\">Percent Atheroma Volume<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plaque-years\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque-Years<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Plaque-years is a measure of cumulative lifetime exposure to LDL cholesterol, calculated as the integral of LDL-C concentration over time (approximated as LDL-C \u00d7 age), used to quantify the total atherogenic burden an artery wall has experienced. Research has identified heuristic thresholds\u2014around 5,000 for low risk and above 14,000 for very high risk\u2014that correspond to progressively greater prob\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why someone with modest LDL but decades of exposure can still have high heart-attack risk, and why starting low early matters more than any single reading.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plasminogen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plasminogen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A blood protein that is converted to the clot-dissolving enzyme plasmin; apo(a) in Lp(a) shares strong structural homology with plasminogen, allowing Lp(a) to competitively interfere with clot breakdown.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This structural mimicry is the molecular basis for Lp(a)&#039;s pro-thrombotic danger.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"platelets\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Platelets<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Platelets are small, anucleate cell fragments in the blood whose primary role is to clump together at sites of vascular injury to form a clot and stop bleeding; because they cannot synthesize new protein, aspirin&#039;s irreversible inhibition of their clotting enzyme lasts for the platelet&#039;s entire 7\u201310 day lifespan.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding platelets explains why aspirin has such a lasting effect from a single daily dose and why you must stop taking it well before surgery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"plavix-clopidogrel\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plavix (Clopidogrel)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A prescription antiplatelet drug that inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the P2Y12 receptor; combining it with fibrinolytic supplements like nattokinase may amplify bleeding risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that nattokinase interacts with antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs is critical safety information for anyone already on heart medications.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pleiotropic-effects\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pleiotropic Effects<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In pharmacology, pleiotropic effects are actions of a drug that go beyond its primary intended mechanism; for incretin therapies, pleiotropic effects include anti-inflammatory activity, endothelial protection, and blood-pressure reduction that are independent of the drugs&#039; primary glucose-lowering and weight-loss actions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article&#039;s central question \u2014 whether heart benefits come from weight loss or from direct vascular action \u2014 is precisely a debate about pleiotropy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"poiseuilles-law\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Poiseuille&#039;s Law<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A fluid-dynamics principle stating that volumetric flow through a cylindrical tube is proportional to the fourth power of the tube&#039;s radius; in coronary physiology this means even a small increase in arterial diameter produces a disproportionately large gain in blood-flow capacity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It quantifies why modest arterial widening from plaque regression or improved vasomotor tone matters enormously for athletic performance and cardiac oxygen delivery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"polyclonal-antibodies\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Polyclonal Antibodies<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Polyclonal antibodies are a diverse mixture of immunoglobulins produced by many different B-cell clones, each recognizing a slightly different part of the same antigen; in xenosialitis, polyclonal anti-Neu5Gc antibodies attack Neu5Gc molecules incorporated into the vascular endothelium, driving chronic arterial inflammation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A broad, multi-clone antibody response against vessel-wall antigens is harder to resolve than a single-target response, helping explain why xenosialitis causes persistent rather than self-limiting inflammation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"polygenic-risk-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Polygenic Risk Score<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A polygenic risk score adds up the effects of many small genetic variants to estimate your inherited risk of a disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>No single one of these variants means much. Together they can identify people whose risk is as high as someone with a well-known inherited cholesterol disorder, even though no single gene stands out.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#gene-variant\">Gene Variant<\/a><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"polyphenols\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Polyphenols<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Polyphenols are a broad class of plant-derived compounds with antioxidant properties; extra virgin olive oil is particularly rich in them, and they are often cited as the reason EVOO may be more protective than refined olive oil, though trials measuring hard cardiovascular endpoints have not confirmed a meaningful clinical benefit.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are frequently invoked to justify olive oil&#039;s health reputation, so understanding their evidential status prevents overclaiming.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"polyunsaturated-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Polyunsaturated Fat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Polyunsaturated fat is found in seed oils, nuts, seeds, and fish. Omega-3 and omega-6 fats both belong to this family.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Replacing saturated fat with it lowers LDL cholesterol and, in good trials, reduces heart events. It is the swap that matters, not simply adding more.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#linoleic-acid\">Linoleic Acid<\/a><a href=\"#omega-3-fatty-acids\">Omega-3 Fatty Acids<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#seed-oils\">Samen\u00f6le<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-pufas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Fatty acids containing two or more carbon-carbon double bonds; they include the omega-6 family (linoleic acid, dominant in most seed oils) and the omega-3 family (alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, DHA), and they lower LDL cholesterol when substituted for saturated fats.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PUFAs are the defining feature of seed oils, so understanding what makes them chemically and metabolically distinct from saturated or monounsaturated fats is central to the whole discussion.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pooled-cohort-equations\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pooled Cohort Equations<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Pooled Cohort Equations are the risk calculator the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association currently recommend, estimating your ten-year odds of a heart attack or stroke from age, cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking status.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Like the Framingham score before it, this is a population-average tool \u2014 it has no way to account for coronary calcium, family history beyond a checkbox, or Lp(a), so it can substantially underestimate risk in people who don&#039;t resemble the population it was built on.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#framingham-risk-score\">Framingham-Risikoskore<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"population-attributable-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Population-Attributable Risk<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Population-attributable risk (PAR) is the proportion of cases of a disease in a population that could theoretically be prevented if a given risk factor were eliminated, taking into account both how risky the factor is and how common it is. The article cites INTERHEART&#039;s estimate that the combined psychosocial factor had a PAR of roughly 32.5% for myocardial infarction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PAR explains why a risk factor that seems moderate for any one individual can still account for a large share of heart attacks across a whole population.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"portal-theory\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Portal-Theorie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The portal theory proposes that visceral fat is uniquely hazardous because it drains directly into the portal vein, exposing the liver to high concentrations of free fatty acids and pro-inflammatory cytokines before they reach the general circulation, thereby promoting hepatic insulin resistance and excess VLDL production.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This anatomical quirk explains why belly fat is metabolically more dangerous than fat stored elsewhere in the body.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"portfolio-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Portfolio-Di\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Portfolio-Di\u00e4t ist eine pflanzliche Ern\u00e4hrungsform, die speziell zur Senkung des LDL-Cholesterins entwickelt wurde, indem sie mehrere wissenschaftlich fundierte Nahrungsmittelkomponenten kombiniert \u2013 darunter Sojaprotein, viskose Ballaststoffe, Pflanzensterine und N\u00fcsse \u2013, von denen jede das LDL unabh\u00e4ngig voneinander senkt, mit einem additiven Effekt bei der Kombination.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the named dietary patterns evaluated for both cholesterol lowering and cardiovascular event reduction in this review.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"positive-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Positive Remodeling<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An outward expansion of the arterial wall that accommodates growing atherosclerotic plaque while preserving the inner lumen diameter; the artery appears unobstructed on tests that only assess lumen narrowing, masking a structurally vulnerable plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why many people with dangerous plaque look &#039;clear&#039; on conventional tests and why direct wall imaging is necessary.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"positron-emission-tomography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Positron Emission Tomography<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Positron emission tomography, or PET, uses a mildly radioactive tracer to show which tissues are metabolically busy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In arteries it can highlight active inflammation or calcification happening right now, rather than the accumulated damage a CT shows. It is mostly a research tool at present.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcification\">Verkalkung<\/a><a href=\"#computed-tomography\">Computertomographie<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"postprandial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">nach dem Essen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Postprandial means &#039;after a meal&#039;; postprandial studies measure how the body\u2014including blood vessels, lipid levels, and inflammatory markers\u2014responds in the hours immediately following food consumption, rather than at a fasting baseline.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Olive oil&#039;s measurable stiffening of blood vessels occurs in the postprandial window, a finding that fasting-only measurements would miss entirely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"postprandial-lipemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Postprandial Lipemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Postprandial lipemia is the surge of fat particles in your blood in the hours after eating a meal containing fat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most lipid panels are drawn fasting, so they miss this entirely. Yet arteries spend most of the day in the fed state, and an exaggerated post-meal surge may carry risk a fasting number never reveals.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#chylomicron\">Chylomicron<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"postprandial-thermogenesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Postprandial Thermogenesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The increase in energy expenditure that occurs after a meal as the body processes and metabolizes food; purified MCT oils rich in C8:0 and C10:0 produce a modestly greater postprandial thermogenic response than long-chain fats, an effect that has been incorrectly generalized to coconut oil in weight-loss marketing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this term shows why MCT-based weight-loss research does not straightforwardly apply to cooking with coconut oil.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"power-meter\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Power Meter<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A power meter is a device fitted to a bicycle that measures the mechanical power output of the rider in watts, providing an objective and reproducible marker of athletic performance. In this article, a subtle but sustained drop in power output was the first clue that something was physiologically wrong before any clinical symptoms appeared.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding how athletes can detect cardiovascular decline through performance data rather than classic symptoms is important for early diagnosis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"power-output-watts-cycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Power Output (Watts, Cycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The mechanical work a cyclist produces, measured in watts, and used as a precise, objective indicator of exercise intensity independent of wind, gradient, or drafting conditions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal&#039;s 30-watt deficit on race day illustrates how heat and psychological stress can suppress cardiovascular performance even in a well-trained athlete.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-gets-second-at-national-championships\/\">Read: Peter Megdal gets second at National Championships<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ppar%ce%b1-peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-alpha\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PPAR\u03b1 (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PPAR\u03b1 is a nuclear receptor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and inflammation; preliminary evidence suggests bempedoic acid may directly activate this receptor, adding complexity to the drug&#039;s mechanism of action beyond ATP-citrate lyase inhibition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It signals that bempedoic acid&#039;s biology may be more multifaceted than currently labeled, with potential implications for its anti-inflammatory and lipid effects.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pravastatin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pravastatin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A moderate-intensity statin that lowers LDL-C roughly 22\u201332% across common licensed doses; because it is not metabolized through the CYP3A4 pathway and is hydrophilic, it is often preferred when muscle tolerability is a concern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Frequently chosen as a starting statin for athletes specifically because of its relatively favorable muscle-symptom profile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pre-hypertension\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pre-Hypertension<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine durch JNC 7 als systolisch 120\u2013139 mmHg oder diastolisch 80\u201389 mmHg definierte Blutdruckkategorie, die einen erh\u00f6hten Blutdruck anzeigt, der noch nicht als Hypertonie eingestuft wird, aber dennoch ein erh\u00f6htes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Risiko birgt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The Kim 2008 nattokinase trial enrolled people in this category, so recognizing the term clarifies which patients showed a blood-pressure benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pre-test-probability\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pre-Test Probability<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The estimated likelihood that a patient has a particular condition before a diagnostic test is performed, based on symptoms, risk factors, and clinical context; in CAC interpretation, a symptomatic patient has a higher pre-test probability of coronary disease, so a zero score still leaves meaningful residual risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Pre-test probability determines how much reassurance a zero CAC score actually provides in any individual patient.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"precision-cardiology\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pr\u00e4zisionskardiologie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Precision cardiology is an approach to cardiovascular prevention and treatment that moves beyond population-average risk estimates by integrating advanced biomarkers, genetic information, imaging, and individual biological data to tailor risk assessment and therapy to each patient&#039;s specific disease biology.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the shift from &#039;your ten-year risk is X%&#039; to actually measuring what is happening inside your arteries and blood right now.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prediabetes\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prediabetes<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Prediabetes means blood sugar is higher than normal but not yet high enough to be called diabetes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is often dismissed as borderline, which is a mistake. Artery damage and the shift toward small, numerous cholesterol particles are already underway at this stage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-sugar\">Blood Sugar<\/a><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#hemoglobin-a1c\">Hemoglobin A1c<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"predimed\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PREDIMED<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PREDIMED wies per Zufall Tausende von spanischen Erwachsenen mit hohem Risiko entweder einer mediterranen Ern\u00e4hrung mit extra Oliven\u00f6l, derselben Ern\u00e4hrung mit extra N\u00fcssen oder einer fettarmen Kontrolldi\u00e4t zu.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the most influential dietary trial in cardiology and reported roughly 30 percent fewer major events. It was retracted and republished after randomization problems were found at some sites, with similar conclusions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cordioprev\">CORDIOPREV<\/a><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#olive-oil\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"preeclampsia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Preeclampsia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Preeclampsia is dangerously high blood pressure developing during pregnancy, often with protein in the urine.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is now recognized as an early warning of lifelong cardiovascular risk. Women who had it face substantially higher rates of later heart disease and stroke, so a pregnancy history belongs in any risk assessment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#gestational-diabetes\">Gestational Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#menopause\">Menopause<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"premature-coronary-artery-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Premature Coronary Artery Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Premature coronary artery disease is coronary atherosclerosis that causes a clinically significant event \u2014 such as a heart attack or revascularization \u2014 before age 55 in men or age 65 in women; events in relatives at these ages are the primary signal used to define high inherited cardiac risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The age threshold distinguishes a routine family history from one that implies a genetic loading requiring more aggressive screening.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"preparticipation-screening\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Preparticipation Screening<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Preparticipation screening is the systematic medical evaluation of athletes before they compete, designed to identify cardiovascular conditions that increase the risk of sudden cardiac death; it typically includes a history and physical examination, and in some countries or programs an ECG.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the primary organised strategy for identifying at-risk young athletes before a fatal event occurs, but its ability to detect all dangerous conditions is limited.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prevent-equations\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PREVENT Equations<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The PREVENT (Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease EVENTs) equations are a cardiovascular risk model adopted in the 2026 ACC\/AHA guidelines that estimate both 10-year and 30-year lifetime risk of ASCVD, replacing the older Framingham-based Pooled Cohort Equations and enabling earlier risk stratification beginning at age 30.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding which risk model your doctor uses explains why two patients with similar cholesterol numbers can receive very different treatment recommendations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"preventive-cardiologist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Preventive Cardiologist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A preventive cardiologist is a physician subspecialist focused on identifying and modifying cardiovascular risk factors before a first event occurs, using advanced lipid testing, imaging, and genetic risk assessment rather than waiting for symptomatic disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article suggests high-IHC individuals may need referral to this specialist rather than routine primary-care management.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"primary-percutaneous-coronary-intervention-primary-pci\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Primary PCI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Primary PCI is emergency angioplasty performed as the immediate treatment for a heart attack \u2014 physically reopening the blocked coronary artery with a balloon and usually a stent, rather than using clot-dissolving drugs. It is currently the preferred acute treatment in hospitals equipped to perform it quickly.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Primary PCI is the reason in-hospital death after a heart attack has fallen to roughly 4\u20137% in high-income countries, making it the cornerstone of modern acute cardiac rescue.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"primary-prevention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Prim\u00e4re Pr\u00e4vention ist die Behandlung von Personen, die noch nie einen Herzinfarkt oder Schlaganfall hatten, um das erste Auftreten zu verhindern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The bar for treatment is higher here than for someone who already has known disease, because the benefit per person is smaller. This distinction is why aspirin advice differs so sharply between the two groups.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#number-needed-to-treat\">Number Needed to Treat<\/a><a href=\"#secondary-prevention\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"primordial-prevention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Primordial Prevention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Primordialpr\u00e4vention ist eine Strategie, die darauf abzielt, die Entstehung kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Risikofaktoren von vornherein zu verhindern \u2013 statt Risikofaktoren oder bereits bestehende Erkrankungen zu behandeln \u2013, indem atherogene Belastungen von Geburt an oder in der fr\u00fchen Kindheit gegen Null gehalten werden. Sie unterscheidet sich von der Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention, die auf Personen abzielt, die bereits Risikofaktoren, aber noch keine klinische Erkrankung haben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents the furthest upstream approach to eliminating heart disease: preventing the conditions that cause the disease before they ever appear.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prisma-2020\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PRISMA 2020<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is a standardized reporting guideline that specifies how a systematic review should document its search strategy, study selection, and risk-of-bias assessment; the article explicitly notes it did not follow PRISMA, which is a stated limitation of its narrative format.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that a review did not follow PRISMA helps you calibrate how systematically its evidence was gathered and whether important studies might have been missed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pritikin-program\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pritikin-Programm<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An intensive cardiac rehabilitation program combining a very low-fat, high-fiber diet with structured exercise, developed by Nathan Pritikin; clinical studies have shown it improves blood flow, lipid profiles, and cardiac symptoms in patients with established heart disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding named lifestyle programs helps readers compare the evidence behind each approach to reversing heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pro-thrombotic-sensitizer\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pro-Thrombotic Sensitizer<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pro-thrombotic sensitizer is an agent that does not directly initiate blood clot formation but lowers the activation threshold of platelets, making them hyperreactive to normal clotting stimuli such as thrombin or collagen; TMAO acts as a pro-thrombotic sensitizer by promoting calcium release from the platelet dense tubular system.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This mechanism explains how elevated TMAO increases heart attack and stroke risk even without directly blocking an artery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prodrug\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prodrug<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive compound that is converted into its active form by metabolic processes after administration; bempedoic acid is a prodrug activated specifically in the liver, which is why it avoids causing muscle side effects seen with statins.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that bempedoic acid is a prodrug explains why it is an option for patients who cannot tolerate statins due to muscle symptoms.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"promise-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PROMISE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large randomized trial that evaluated CT angiography versus functional stress testing in symptomatic patients with stable chest pain; findings cited here showed that 16.5% of zero-CAC participants had non-obstructive coronary artery disease and 1.5% had obstructive disease, illustrating residual risk despite a zero calcium score.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>PROMISE data directly challenge the assumption that a zero CAC score rules out significant coronary disease in symptomatic patients.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"proprotein-convertase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Proprotein Convertase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Proprotein convertases are enzymes that activate other proteins by cutting them. PCSK9 belongs to this family \u2014 its full name is proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The name explains the abbreviation. PCSK9 is the ninth member of the family to be identified, and the only one that turned out to be a major cholesterol target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9\">PCSK9<\/a><a href=\"#pcsk9-inhibitor\">PCSK9-Inhibitor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prospective-cohort\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prospective Cohort<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine prospektive Kohortenstudie nimmt gesunde Personen auf, erfasst deren Merkmale und wartet dann ab, was passiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Measuring exposures before anyone gets sick avoids the problem of asking sick people to remember their old habits. It still cannot prove cause, because participants chose their own behavior.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-causation\">Umgekehrte Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prospective-cohort-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prospective Cohort Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A study design in which a group of participants is enrolled and followed forward in time, with their diet and other exposures recorded before disease outcomes occur; the 13-study meta-analysis cited in the article pooled data from over 844,000 participants followed in this way.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Most of the human evidence linking diet to cardiovascular disease comes from this design, so understanding it clarifies the nature and limitations of the data.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prospective-ecg-triggering\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prospective ECG Triggering<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CAC scan acquisition technique in which X-ray exposure is synchronized to a specific phase of the cardiac cycle\u2014typically diastole\u2014using the electrocardiogram signal, minimizing motion blur so that small calcified lesions can be accurately detected and measured.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Without precise cardiac gating, motion artifact would make it impossible to reliably quantify millimeter-scale calcium deposits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"prostacyclin-pgi%e2%82%82\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Prostacyclin (PGI\u2082)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Prostacyclin is a chemical produced by the cells lining blood vessels that opposes platelet aggregation and keeps vessels dilated; unlike platelets, vessel-lining cells can regenerate their enzymes, so low-dose aspirin spares prostacyclin production while still blocking platelet-derived TxA\u2082.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The balance between TxA\u2082 and prostacyclin explains why dose matters\u2014higher aspirin doses suppress the body&#039;s own protective chemistry without adding clot-prevention benefit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"protein\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Protein<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Protein ist der N\u00e4hrstoff, den Ihr K\u00f6rper zum Aufbau und zur Reparatur von Muskeln und Gewebe verwendet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>How much you need changes with age. Older adults, especially active ones, need noticeably more than the standard recommendation to maintain muscle \u2014 the amount that suffices at 30 leaves a 70-year-old slowly losing ground.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#anabolic-resistance\">Anabolic Resistance<\/a><a href=\"#leucine\">Leucin<\/a><a href=\"#red-meat\">Red Meat<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"proteoglycan-binding\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Proteoglycan Binding<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Proteoglycan binding is the electrochemical interaction by which positively charged lysine- and arginine-rich regions of ApoB latch onto the negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chains of intimal matrix proteins such as biglycan, versican, perlecan, and decorin. This binding dramatically prolongs the residence time of a lipoprotein particle within the artery wall, making it far more susceptible t\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the molecular &#039;stickiness&#039; that traps cholesterol particles in artery walls and why fewer particles in circulation means fewer particles caught.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"proteoglycan-retention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Proteoglycan Retention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Proteoglycans are sticky sugar-and-protein molecules in the artery wall. ApoB particles bind to them and get held in place.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the trapping step. A particle that enters and leaves again causes no harm; one that sticks starts a plaque. It explains why the number of particles passing through matters so much.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#retention-hypothesis\">Retention Hypothesis<\/a><a href=\"#subendothelial-space\">Subendothelial Space<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"proteostasis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Proteostase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The cellular maintenance of a stable, functional protein pool through the coordinated balance of protein synthesis, folding, and degradation pathways including autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system; its impairment with age allows damaged proteins to accumulate and is linked to neurodegeneration and other age-related diseases.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Proteostasis explains at a molecular level why cellular &#039;housekeeping&#039; declines with age and why strategies that activate autophagy are relevant to longevity.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"proximal-coronary-segment\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Proximal Coronary Segment<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The proximal coronary segment refers to the portion of a coronary artery closest to its origin from the aorta; plaques in these segments are considered highest risk because blockages there can cut off blood supply to the largest area of heart muscle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The Master@Heart study&#039;s finding that lifelong athletes had more non-calcified plaques specifically in proximal segments is what made its results particularly concerning for clinicians.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pseudogenization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pseudogenization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pseudogenization is the mutational inactivation of a gene so that it can no longer produce a functional protein; the CMAH gene in humans underwent pseudogenization via a frameshift deletion, leaving an intact but nonfunctional gene sequence inherited by all modern humans.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because the CMAH gene is pseudogenized rather than absent, humans carry the molecular &#039;scar&#039; of a lost metabolic pathway that once made them susceptible to ancient malaria.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"publication-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Publication Bias<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Publication bias is the tendency for studies with striking positive results to get published while studies finding nothing quietly disappear.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It makes the published literature look more favorable than reality. It is a major reason why exciting early findings so often shrink when larger trials are run.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#meta-analysis\">Meta-Analysis<\/a><a href=\"#systematic-review\">Systematic Review<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pulmonary-vein-isolation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pulmonalvenenisolation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The most common catheter ablation technique for AF, in which the four pulmonary veins \u2014 the usual sources of the triggering electrical impulses \u2014 are electrically disconnected from the rest of the left atrium.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The key trial cited (Mandsager et al.) specifically studied outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation in athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pulse-wave-velocity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pulse Wave Velocity<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Pulswelle misst, wie schnell die Druckwelle jedes Herzschlags durch Ihre Arterien wandert. Steifere Arterien leiten sie schneller weiter.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the standard measure of arterial stiffness and one of the better estimates of how old your blood vessels behave, independent of your birthday.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aorta\">Aorta<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><a href=\"#vascular-age\">Vascular Age<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pure-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">PURE Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine gro\u00dfe prospektive Kohortenstudie (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology), die \u00fcber 155.000 Personen aus 21 L\u00e4ndern mit niedrigem, mittlerem und hohem Einkommen umfasste, um den Beitrag modifizierbarer Risikofaktoren zu Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen und Mortalit\u00e4t zu untersuchen; sie ergab, dass traditionelle Risikofaktoren weltweit f\u00fcr die gro\u00dfe Mehrheit der kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Ereignisse verantwortlich sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The PURE study underpins the article&#039;s argument that heart disease is largely preventable, strengthening the case for primordial prevention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pyridoxal-5-phosphate-p-5-p\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (P-5-P)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The active coenzyme form of vitamin B-6 that is required by cystathionine \u03b2-synthase to carry out the transsulfuration of homocysteine to cystathionine, the irreversible disposal route.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It clarifies why B-6 is part of homocysteine-lowering regimens but also why its contribution is minimal unless a true deficiency is present.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"pyroptosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pyroptosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pyroptosis is a form of inflammatory programmed cell death, distinct from apoptosis, that is triggered by activation of inflammasome complexes such as NLRP3; in the context of TMAO, it refers to the death of oligodendrocytes in the brain driven by ROS-NLRP3 signaling, contributing to demyelination and cognitive decline.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding pyroptosis explains one mechanism by which high TMAO levels may accelerate neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer&#039;s.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-q\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">Q<\/h2><article id=\"qualitative-fat-substitution-model\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Qualitative Fat Substitution Model<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The qualitative fat substitution model is a dietary strategy endorsed by bodies such as the AHA that focuses on replacing saturated and trans fatty acids with poly- and monounsaturated fats while permitting total fat intakes of 30\u201345% of calories, as embodied in the Mediterranean dietary pattern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents the mainstream alternative to ultra-low-fat approaches and underpins most current heart-health dietary guidelines.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"quantitative-coronary-angiography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Quantitative Koronarangiographie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die quantitative Koronarangiographie ist eine Methode zur pr\u00e4zisen Messung von Arterienverengungen anhand von Angiographiebildern anstatt diese nur nach Augenma\u00df zu beurteilen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Early studies of whether diet or drugs could reverse heart disease relied on this method. It measures the open channel only, which is why its findings need careful interpretation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angiogram\">Angiogramm<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#lumen\">Lumen<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"quantitative-coronary-arteriography\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Quantitative Coronary Arteriography<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A computer-assisted technique that measures the diameter of coronary artery segments from X-ray angiographic images, providing objective, numerical data on the degree of stenosis and plaque burden over time.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This was the imaging tool used in the Ornish Lifestyle Heart Trial to confirm that plaques actually shrank, making it the evidentiary backbone of claims that atherosclerosis can be reversed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"quantitative-fat-paradigm\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Quantitatives Fett-Paradigma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The quantitative fat paradigm holds that the total amount of dietary fat\u2014not just its type\u2014determines whether atherosclerotic plaque can regress, with the critical threshold set below 10% of daily calories; this contrasts with the qualitative fat substitution model, which focuses on replacing saturated fats with unsaturated ones while permitting higher total fat intakes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this distinction explains why some dietary approaches are linked to plaque regression while others only slow progression.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"quartile\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Quartile<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>One of four equal groups into which a population is divided when ranked by a measured variable; the article reports that individuals in the lowest fitness quartile had dramatically higher mortality than those in higher quartiles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding quartile comparisons helps readers interpret the magnitude of the fitness\u2013mortality relationship described in the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"quasi-randomized-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Quasi-Randomized Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A quasi-randomized trial is a study that uses an allocation method that is not purely random\u2014such as assigning whole households or clinics to the same group\u2014making it less reliable than a properly randomized controlled trial because systematic differences between groups can bias the results; after its randomization problems were revealed, PREDIMED was reclassified as quasi-randomized.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The downgrade of PREDIMED from a true RCT to a quasi-randomized trial directly weakens the evidentiary foundation for olive oil&#039;s cardiac benefits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-r\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">R<\/h2><article id=\"randomization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Randomization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Randomisierung ist der Prozess, bei dem Versuchsteilnehmer nach dem Zufallsprinzip Behandlungs- oder Kontrollgruppen zugeteilt werden, wodurch sichergestellt wird, dass bekannte und unbekannte St\u00f6faktoren gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig verteilt sind; wenn die Randomisierung fehlschl\u00e4gt \u2013 was Pr\u00fcfer im Fall von PREDIMED feststellten \u2013, k\u00f6nnen sich die Gruppen auf eine Weise unterscheiden, die den scheinbaren Behandlungseffekt verzerrt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Proper randomization is the foundation of a trustworthy clinical trial; its failure in PREDIMED is why that study&#039;s pro-olive-oil findings must be treated with caution.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"randomized-controlled-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie teilt Personen rein zuf\u00e4llig einer Behandlungs- oder einer Vergleichsgruppe zu und beobachtet dann beide Gruppen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Randomizing is the whole trick. It means the two groups should be alike in every way except the treatment, so any difference in outcome can fairly be blamed on the treatment itself. It is the strongest evidence medicine has.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#clinical-trial\">Klinische Studie<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rapamycin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rapamycin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pharmacologic inhibitor of mTORC1 that reproducibly extends lifespan and healthspan in multiple model organisms, including mice, even when started late in life; it is used experimentally to study the role of mTOR in aging, though its clinical use in healthy humans for longevity remains investigational.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Rapamycin is one of the most studied potential longevity drugs and illustrates why researchers target the mTOR pathway to slow aging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-wasting-away-as-you-agethe-emerging-science-of-antiaging\/\">Read: Stop Wasting Away as You Age\u2026the Emerging Science of Antiaging!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rate-pressure-product-rpp\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rate-Pressure Product (RPP)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rate-pressure product is the mathematical product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure, used as a non-invasive index of myocardial oxygen demand. Because trained athletes achieve high external work at a lower RPP than untrained individuals, their ischemic threshold may not be reached until near-maximal effort.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why an athlete&#039;s efficient heart can silently tolerate a significant blockage at everyday intensities but become vulnerable at peak exertion.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ratio-of-hazard-ratios-rhr\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ratio of Hazard Ratios (RHR)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A comparison of the hazard ratio for a given exposure (such as smoking) in one group (women) versus another (men), used to quantify sex-specific differences in risk; an RHR greater than 1.0 indicates the exposure is relatively more harmful in the first group.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reveals that smoking is disproportionately dangerous for women&#039;s hearts, arguing against a one-size-fits-all approach to prevention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/integrative-dynamics-of-apolipoprotein-b-lipoproteina-and-c-reactive-protein-in-atherosclerotic-progression\/\">Read: Integrative Dynamics of Apolipoprotein B, Lipoprotein(a), and C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Progression<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reactive-oxygen-species\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Reactive Oxygen Species<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Reactive oxygen species are unstable oxygen-containing molecules produced as a by-product of normal metabolism.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In moderation they act as useful signals. In excess they damage proteins, fats, and DNA \u2014 including the LDL particles trapped in an artery wall.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#antioxidant\">Antioxidans<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#oxidative-stress\">Oxidative Stress<\/a><a href=\"#oxidized-ldl\">Oxidiertes LDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"recanalization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Recanalization<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Recanalization is the restoration of blood flow through a vessel that was previously completely or severely blocked, either spontaneously or in response to treatment; in the context of atherosclerosis regression, it describes the reopening of an occluded coronary artery through aggressive lipid lowering and lifestyle change rather than mechanical intervention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the medical term for the &#039;impossible&#039; reversal at the heart of Peter&#039;s story.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"receptor-defective-hofh\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rezeptor-defekte HoFH<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Receptor-defective HoFH describes LDLR genotypes that retain 2\u201325% of normal receptor activity, resulting in moderately lower untreated LDL-C (300\u2013500 mg\/dL) and a somewhat slower disease course than the receptor-negative form, though still associated with premature cardiovascular disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The distinction between receptor-negative and receptor-defective status explains the wide variation in age of first heart attack among HoFH patients.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"receptor-negative-hofh\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rezeptor-negative HoFH<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Receptor-negative HoFH refers to the most severe LDLR genotype, in which patients retain less than 2% of normal LDL receptor activity, leaving the liver almost completely unable to remove LDL particles from the circulation and producing the highest cholesterol levels and earliest cardiovascular events seen in the condition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing receptor status predicts how aggressively and urgently treatment must begin in an HoFH patient.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reclassification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Umstufung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Bei der kardiovaskul\u00e4ren Risikobewertung bezeichnet die Reklassifizierung den Prozess, bei dem ein zus\u00e4tzlicher Test \u2013 wie ein CAC-Scan oder eine ApoB-Messung \u2013 einen Patienten von einer Risikokategorie in eine andere einordnet, was eine \u00c4nderung der Behandlungsentscheidungen zur Folge hat, die allein durch einen Standard-Risikorechner nicht ausgel\u00f6st worden w\u00e4re.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It quantifies how often a new test actually changes what a doctor does for a patient, which is the practical test of whether the test is worth ordering.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"recommended-dietary-allowance-rda\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The average daily dietary intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97\u201398%) healthy individuals in a given life stage and sex group; for protein, the RDA is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight, corresponding to roughly 9\u201310% of total calories.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing the RDA helps you judge whether popular high- or low-protein diets are meaningfully above or below what science considers adequate.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"red-meat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Red Meat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Red meat includes beef, pork, and lamb.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is linked to higher heart risk through several possible routes: saturated fat raising cholesterol particles, gut bacteria turning its nutrients into TMAO, and an immune reaction to a foreign sugar it contains. How much each route contributes is still debated.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#carnitine\">Carnitine<\/a><a href=\"#neu5gc\">Neu5Gc<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#tmao\">TMAO<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"red-yeast-rice\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Roter Roisreis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel aus mit Monascus purpureus fermentiertem Reis, das von Natur aus Monacolin K enth\u00e4lt, eine Verbindung, die chemisch identisch mit dem verschreibungspflichtigen Statin Lovastatin ist; es senkt das LDL-Cholesterin \u00fcber denselben HMG-CoA-Reduktase-Weg wie pharmazeutische Statine.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because its active ingredient is essentially an unregulated statin, red yeast rice carries both the benefits and risks of statin therapy, including variable potency between products.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/nattokinase-and-cardiovascular-plaque-what-the-human-research-really-says\/\">Read: Nattokinase and Cardiovascular Plaque: What the Human Research Really Says<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reduce-it-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">REDUCE-IT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large randomized trial of 8,179 high-risk, statin-treated patients assigned to icosapent ethyl 4 g\/day or mineral oil placebo; it reported a 25% relative risk reduction in major cardiovascular events and a number needed to treat of 21 over a median of 4.9 years.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>REDUCE-IT is the pivotal trial behind Vascepa&#039;s cardiovascular indication and the center of ongoing scientific debate about fish oil therapy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reductionist-nutrient-analysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Reductionist Nutrient Analysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An approach to nutrition science that studies individual nutrients or food components in isolation rather than examining whole dietary patterns; Campbell critiques this framework, arguing that nutrients interact synergistically and that isolating one compound (such as protein) cannot capture the full health effect of a diet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this methodological debate helps explain why two credentialed scientists looking at similar data reach opposite conclusions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"regression-coronary-artery\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Regression (Coronary Artery)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A measurable reduction in the size or severity of atherosclerotic plaque within a coronary artery, documented by imaging or angiography; the opposite of progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Regression is the scientific standard used to judge whether a diet or drug has actually reversed\u2014not merely slowed\u2014heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-diet-really-reverse-heart-disease\/\">Read: Can Diet Really Reverse Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"relation-coefficient\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Relation Coefficient<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The relation coefficient (R) is the numerical weight assigned to a family member in the Inherited Hazard Coefficient formula based on degree of biological relatedness: 0.5 for first-degree relatives such as parents and siblings, and 0.25 for second-degree relatives such as grandparents and aunts and uncles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reflects the proportion of genes shared with a given relative and explains why a sibling&#039;s heart attack is weighted twice as heavily as a grandparent&#039;s.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"relative-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Relatives Risiko<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das relative Risiko vergleicht zwei Gruppen: Diese Gruppe hatte 30 Prozent weniger Herzinfarkte als jene Gruppe.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the number used in almost every headline, and it can be deeply misleading on its own. Thirty percent off a large risk is meaningful. Thirty percent off a tiny risk is almost nothing. Always ask what it is 30 percent of.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><a href=\"#number-needed-to-treat\">Number Needed to Treat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"remethylation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Remethylation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>One of two metabolic pathways that clear homocysteine from the blood, converting it back to methionine using 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as the methyl donor and vitamin B-12 as a cofactor; this route recycles homocysteine rather than disposing of it permanently.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is why folate and B-12 \u2014 not B-6 \u2014 are the vitamins that reliably lower a fasting homocysteine level.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"remnant-cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Remnant-Cholesterin ist das Cholesterin, das in den \u00dcberbleibseln triglyceridreicher Partikel transportiert wird, nachdem diese den Gro\u00dfteil ihres Fettes abgegeben haben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These leftovers are small enough to get into artery walls and are thought to be particularly good at causing trouble. They are a major reason people with high triglycerides carry extra risk that LDL alone does not capture.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#chylomicron\">Chylomicron<\/a><a href=\"#idl\">IDL<\/a><a href=\"#non-hdl-cholesterol\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"renin-angiotensin-system-ras-blockers\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Renin\u2013Angiotensin System (RAS) Blockers<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A class of medications\u2014including ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers\u2014that reduce blood pressure and cardiac remodeling by interrupting the hormonal cascade that regulates vascular tone and fluid balance; observational data suggest they are associated with better outcomes in MINOCA patients.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>RAS blockers represent one of the few medication classes shown in registry data to improve prognosis after a MINOCA event.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"repatha-evolocumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Repatha (Evolocumab)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A brand-name PCSK9 inhibitor \u2014 a monoclonal antibody given by injection \u2014 that blocks the protein PCSK9, preventing it from degrading LDL receptors and thereby dramatically lowering LDL cholesterol, often by 50\u201360% on top of statin therapy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what Repatha is clarifies how the author achieved an LDL of 25 mg\/dL, a level far below what diet or statins alone typically reach.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"replacement-dynamics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Replacement Dynamics<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Replacement dynamics refers to the statistical principle that a food&#039;s apparent health benefit may reflect what it displaces in the diet rather than any intrinsic property; in olive oil research, much of the observed cardiovascular benefit disappears when olive oil is compared against other plant oils rather than against butter or animal fats.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding replacement dynamics prevents you from mistaking &#039;better than butter&#039; for &#039;independently protective.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"residual-cardiovascular-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Residual Cardiovascular Risk<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The continuing probability of major cardiovascular events that remains even after recognized risk factors such as LDL cholesterol and blood pressure have been brought under control, attributable to persistent calcification, arterial stiffness, low-grade inflammation, and incomplete plaque stabilization.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Residual risk clarifies why achieving a functional &#039;cure&#039; of active atherosclerosis does not eliminate all future cardiovascular danger, a nuance the article explicitly addresses.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-can-cured\/\">Read: Can Heart Disease Be Cured?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"residual-inflammatory-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Residual Inflammatory Risk<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das residuale entz\u00fcndliche Risiko bezeichnet den anhaltenden Anstieg der Rate kardiovaskul\u00e4rer Ereignisse bei Patienten, die bereits die von Leitlinien empfohlenen LDL-C-Zielwerte erreicht haben, bei denen jedoch weiterhin erh\u00f6hte Entz\u00fcndungsmarker wie hsCRP vorliegen; es stellt einen zweiten, parallelen Pfad der Atherogenese dar, den eine alleinige Senkung der Blutfette nicht adressiert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why some people still have heart attacks despite &#039;good&#039; cholesterol numbers, and why anti-inflammatory treatments matter.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"residual-risk\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Residual Risk<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Residual risk is the risk that remains after you have done the obvious things \u2014 cholesterol treated, blood pressure controlled, not smoking.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It comes from sources like Lp(a), ongoing inflammation, insulin resistance, and kidney disease. Recognizing it is what pushes doctors to look past the standard checklist when someone keeps having events anyway.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#kidney-disease\">Nierenerkrankung<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"resistance-training\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Krafttraining<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Krafttraining bedeutet, dass Sie Ihre Muskeln gegen einen Widerstand arbeiten lassen \u2013 Gewichte, B\u00e4nder oder das eigene K\u00f6rpergewicht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It was long treated as separate from heart health, something for building muscle rather than protecting arteries. That view has shifted. It improves blood pressure, blood sugar, and body composition, and it protects the muscle that aging otherwise takes away.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-pumping-iron-help-your-pumping-heart\/\">Read: Can pumping iron help your pumping heart?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aerobic-exercise\">Aerobik<\/a><a href=\"#anabolic-resistance\">Anabolic Resistance<\/a><a href=\"#lifestyle-medicine\">Lebensstilmedizin<\/a><a href=\"#protein\">Protein<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"response-to-retention-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Response-to-Retention Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The response-to-retention hypothesis is the leading mechanistic account of early atherosclerosis, holding that the initiating event is the binding and trapping of apoB-containing lipoprotein particles to proteoglycans in the arterial intima, before inflammation or foam cell formation occurs.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why particle count over time \u2014 rather than cholesterol cargo \u2014 is considered the most direct driver of plaque development.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"response-to-retention-model\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Response-to-Retention-Modell<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The response-to-retention model holds that atherogenesis begins when ApoB-containing lipoproteins cross the endothelial barrier and become trapped by proteoglycans in the arterial intima, triggering oxidative modification, immune cell recruitment, foam-cell formation, and eventual plaque development.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the mechanistic foundation for why high particle counts \u2014 measured by ApoB \u2014 drive heart disease regardless of family history.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"retention-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Retention Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The response-to-retention hypothesis holds that atherosclerosis begins when ApoB particles are retained in the artery wall, with inflammation following as a consequence.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the organizing idea behind modern prevention. It settles the chicken-and-egg question by putting the particle first: no retained particles, no plaque, however much inflammation is present.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#proteoglycan-retention\">Proteoglycan Retention<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"retraction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Retraction<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A retraction is a formal withdrawal of a published scientific paper by its authors or journal, typically because serious errors in design, data, or reporting undermine its conclusions; PREDIMED was retracted in 2018 after its randomization procedure was found to be compromised for roughly 21% of participants, then republished with a corrected statistical analysis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The retraction of PREDIMED\u2014the most cited olive oil trial\u2014is a key reason the evidence for olive oil&#039;s independent benefit is weaker than commonly portrayed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-olive-oil-actually-healthy\/\">Read: Is Olive Oil Actually Healthy?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"revascularization\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Revaskularisation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Revaskularisation ist ein medizinischer oder chirurgischer Eingriff \u2013 wie eine Koronararterien-Bypass-Operation oder eine perkutane Koronarintervention \u2013, der durchgef\u00fchrt wird, um den Blutfluss durch eine verstopfte oder verengte Koronararterie wiederherzustellen, wobei die physische Obstruktion und nicht der zugrundeliegende atherogene Prozess behandelt wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article contrasts revascularization with dietary regression to make the point that conventional treatments manage symptoms while dietary intervention may address the root cause.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"revealplaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Plaque-F\u00e4rbetablette<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A peer-reviewed study evaluating AI-enabled automated quantitative plaque analysis on coronary CT angiography, supporting the use of machine-learning algorithms to measure total plaque burden more granularly than a single Agatston calcium sum.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This research points toward a future where software\u2014not just a radiologist&#039;s eye\u2014catches soft plaque that a standard calcium score would miss entirely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reversal\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">UMKEHR<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>REVERSAL verglich eine moderate mit einer intensiven Statintherapie und untersuchte mithilfe von intrakoronarem Ultraschall, was mit der Koronarplaque geschah.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plaque kept growing on the moderate dose and stopped on the intensive one. It was an early demonstration that how far you lower LDL changes the disease itself, not just the risk statistics.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#asteroid\">ASTEROID<\/a><a href=\"#atorvastatin\">Atorvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#intravascular-ultrasound\">Intravascular Ultrasound<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reverse-causation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Umgekehrte Kausalit\u00e4t<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Umgekehrte Kausalit\u00e4t liegt vor, wenn der Pfeil in die andere Richtung zeigt \u2013 die Krankheit hat die Exposition verursacht, anstatt dass die Exposition die Krankheit verursacht hat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains several persistent myths. Low cholesterol appears linked to cancer partly because early undiagnosed cancer lowers cholesterol, and non-drinkers look unhealthy partly because some quit drinking due to illness.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#alcohol\">Alcohol<\/a><a href=\"#causation\">Kausalit\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#observational-study\">Observational Study<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reverse-cholesterol-transport\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der reverse Cholesterintransport ist der Prozess, bei dem Cholesterin aus Geweben, einschlie\u00dflich der Arterienw\u00e4nde, abtransportiert und zur Entsorgung zur Leber zur\u00fcckgebracht wird. HDL-Partikel \u00fcbernehmen dabei den Transport.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>How well this system works appears to matter more than how much HDL you have. That is likely why drugs that simply raised HDL numbers failed to prevent heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#cholesterol\">Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reverse-glagov-phenomenon\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Reverse Glagov Phenomenon<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Beobachtung, dass sich die \u00e4u\u00dfikalische elastische Membran w\u00e4hrend der Plaqueregress eher kontrahiert als ausdehnt, was das Gegenteil der kompensatorischen Ausw\u00e4rtsremodellierung ist, die w\u00e4hrend der Plaquezunahme zu beobachten ist; dies bedeutet, dass das Luminkaliber paradoxerweise abnehmen kann, w\u00e4hrend die Behandlung erfolgreich das Plaquevolumen verringert.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this phenomenon prevents the mistaken assumption that a stable or narrowing lumen means treatment has failed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"reverse-remodeling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Umgekehrter Umbau<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The inward movement of the external elastic membrane that occurs as plaque burden decreases, returning the artery toward its original, smaller caliber rather than enlarging the lumen; it is the principal explanation for the lumen paradox.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why a successfully treated artery may look the same or slightly smaller on a scan even as its walls become safer and more stable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rhabdomyolysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rhabdomyolyse<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rhabdomyolysis is the rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue that releases cellular contents \u2014 including myoglobin \u2014 into the bloodstream; a key warning sign is dark tea- or cola-colored urine, and if untreated it can cause acute kidney failure.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Although rare with modern statins, rhabdomyolysis is the most dangerous form of drug-related muscle injury and requires prompt medical attention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rhesus-macaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rhesus Macaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rhesusaffen (Macaca mulatta) sind Altweltaffen, die weithin als prim\u00e4res Tiermodell in der Atheroskleroseforschung eingesetzt werden, da sie unter einer cholesterinreichen Ern\u00e4hrung zu einem ApoB-dominanten Lipoproteinprofil \u00fcbergehen, das der menschlichen Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie \u00e4hnelt, und fortgeschrittene Koronarplaques mit fibr\u00f6sen Kappen, nekrotischen Kernen, intraplaque-Blutungen und Verkalkungen entwickeln.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding why primate experiments are considered strong evidence helps readers judge how confidently findings translate to human heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rheumatoid-arthritis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rheumatoid Arthritis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the joints.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The inflammation is not confined to joints. People with it develop cardiovascular disease earlier and more often than their standard risk factors predict, so guidelines treat it as a risk enhancer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#c-reactive-protein\">C-Reactive Protein<\/a><a href=\"#inflammation\">Entz\u00fcndung<\/a><a href=\"#residual-risk\">Residual Risk<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rho-gtpases-rhoa-rac1-cdc42\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rho GTPases (RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rho GTPases are a family of intracellular molecular switches \u2014 including RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 \u2014 that cycle between active and inactive states to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration, and endothelial permeability, thereby influencing how readily lipoprotein particles enter and are retained in the artery wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They represent the &#039;local gate&#039; that determines arterial vulnerability, so systemic ApoB levels alone do not fully explain who develops plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rhythm-control\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rhythm Control<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Behandlungsstrategie, die darauf abzielt, einen normalen Sinusrhythmus wiederherzustellen und aufrechtzuerhalten, im Gegensatz zur Frequenzkontrolle, die bei Vorhofflimmern lediglich die Herzfrequenz verlangsamt; die Katheterablation ist der invasivste Rhythmuskontrollansatz.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article contrasts rhythm-control durability in athletes versus non-athletes after ablation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"right-coronary-artery-rca\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Right Coronary Artery (RCA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>One of the two main coronary arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle; it runs along the right side of the heart and feeds the right ventricle and, in most people, the lower wall of the left ventricle.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The RCA was the site of Dr. Megdal&#039;s largest blockage (70%), making it a central detail in understanding the severity of his disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"risk-calculator\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Risikorechner<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Risikorechner sch\u00e4tzt Ihre Wahrscheinlichkeit f\u00fcr einen Herzinfarkt oder Schlaganfall in den n\u00e4chsten zehn Jahren ab und verwendet dabei Ihr Alter, Ihren Cholesterinspiegel, Ihren Blutdruck und einige weitere Angaben.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are useful starting points but systematically underestimate risk in younger people, because ten-year windows hide a lifetime of accumulating exposure. Most also ignore family history and Lp(a) entirely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/double-dosed-is-your-family-tree-a-bio-hazard-heres-the-life-saving-information\/\">Doppelt dosiert: Ist Ihr Stammbaum eine biologische Gefahr? Hier sind die lebensrettenden Informationen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#absolute-risk\">Absolutes Risiko<\/a><a href=\"#cumulative-exposure\">Kumulative Exposition<\/a><a href=\"#family-history\">Familienanamnese<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"risk-factor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Risikofaktor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Risikofaktor ist etwas, das Ihre Wahrscheinlichkeit erh\u00f6ht, an einer Krankheit zu erkranken \u2014 Partikel mit hohem Cholesterinspiegel, Bluthochdruck, Rauchen, Diabetes, famili\u00e4re Vorbelastung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Some you can change and some you cannot. The encouraging finding is that people who keep all the changeable ones in good shape from a young age develop remarkably little heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#lifestyle-medicine\">Lebensstilmedizin<\/a><a href=\"#risk-calculator\">Risikorechner<\/a><a href=\"#smoking\">Rauchen<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"risk-prediction\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Risikovorhersage<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Risk prediction in cardiovascular medicine refers to the use of clinical variables \u2014 such as age, blood pressure, cholesterol, and smoking status \u2014 or direct measurements such as imaging to estimate an individual&#039;s probability of suffering a heart attack or stroke within a defined time horizon.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article contrasts traditional risk prediction from blood tests with the more direct information provided by arterial imaging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rna-based-therapies-for-lpa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">RNA-Based Therapies (for Lp(a))<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>RNA-based therapies targeting Lp(a) \u2014 including the small interfering RNA agent Inclisiran and investigational agents such as Pelacarsen (an antisense oligonucleotide) and Olpasiran (a small interfering RNA) \u2014 work by silencing the hepatic gene that produces apolipoprotein(a), reducing Lp(a) levels by up to 95% in clinical trials.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These drugs represent the first realistic hope of treating a risk factor that diet, exercise, and statins cannot meaningfully lower.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"road-time-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Road Time Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A competitive cycling event held on open roads in which each rider starts individually and races against the clock over a fixed course, using aerodynamic equipment and positioning to minimize resistance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The sustained, high-intensity cardiovascular demand of a time trial makes it a benchmark for aerobic fitness in masters athletes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-the-dedham-times-article\/\">Read: Peter Megdal interviewed in Dedham Times<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"rosuvastatin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rosuvastatin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rosuvastatin, verkauft als Crestor, ist das wirksamste verf\u00fcgbare Statin und verbleibt gr\u00f6\u00dftenteils in der Leber, anstatt sich im K\u00f6rper zu verteilen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It produces the largest LDL reductions of any statin and was the drug used in the trials that first demonstrated plaque regression.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#asteroid\">ASTEROID<\/a><a href=\"#atorvastatin\">Atorvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#saturn\">Saturn<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-s\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">S<\/h2><article id=\"salutogenic\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Salutogenic<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Health-promoting, as opposed to pathogenic; used in this article to describe the physiologically beneficial role of high cholesterol in breast-fed infants, where lipids support brain myelination and cell membrane synthesis rather than driving disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Helps readers understand why the same cholesterol number that is dangerous in an adult can be normal and necessary in an infant.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"samson\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SAMSON<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SAMSON was an unusual trial in which patients who had quit statins because of side effects took, in random order, the statin, an identical placebo, and no pill at all.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Symptoms were nearly as bad on the placebo as on the real drug. It is the strongest evidence that most statin side effects are a nocebo response, and many participants restarted treatment afterward.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#nocebo-effect\">Nocebo-Effekt<\/a><a href=\"#placebo\">Placebo<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sarcopenia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sarkopenie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength that comes with age.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It predicts falls, disability, and death, and it accelerates sharply after about 60. Resistance training and adequate protein are the only well-established defenses, and both become more important with age rather than less.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#anabolic-resistance\">Anabolic Resistance<\/a><a href=\"#masters-athlete\">Masters-Sportler<\/a><a href=\"#protein\">Protein<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sarcopenic-obesity\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sarkopenische Adipositas<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sarcopenic obesity is a body-composition state in which a person has low muscle mass combined with excess body fat, even if overall body weight appears normal; it is associated with frailty, insulin resistance, and increased mortality risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why the scale or BMI alone can be misleading\u2014hidden muscle loss dramatically affects long-term health outcomes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"satiety\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Satiety<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The feeling of fullness and suppression of appetite following a meal; protein is the most satiating macronutrient per calorie, and higher-protein diets exploit this property to reduce total energy intake and support weight loss.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Satiety helps explain why higher-protein diets often produce weight loss without deliberate calorie counting.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"saturated-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ges\u00e4ttigte Fette sind diejenigen, die bei Raumtemperatur fest bleiben \u2013 Butter, das Fett in rotem Fleisch, Kokos\u00f6l und Palm\u00f6l.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It raises LDL cholesterol by making your liver less efficient at clearing particles from your blood. Replacing it with unsaturated fat lowers cholesterol. Replacing it with sugar and refined flour does not, which is where a lot of confusing advice came from.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#coconut-oil\">Coconut Oil<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#trans-fat\">Trans Fat<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"saturated-fatty-acids-sfas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Saturated Fatty Acids (SFAs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Saturated fatty acids are fat molecules with no carbon-carbon double bonds, found abundantly in butter, coconut oil, and fatty meat; they raise LDL cholesterol and ApoB-containing lipoprotein levels more than unsaturated plant oils, which is why replacing them with unsaturated fats is a central public-health recommendation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The entire dietary fat debate hinges on what you replace saturated fat with, making this the baseline for comparison.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"saturn\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Saturn<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SATURN verglich die beiden st\u00e4rksten Statine direkt miteinander in H\u00f6chstdosis und ma\u00df dabei die koronare Plaque mittels intravaskul\u00e4rem Ultraschall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Both shrank plaque and the difference between them was small. What predicted regression was how low the LDL went, not which brand delivered it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atorvastatin\">Atorvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><a href=\"#rosuvastatin\">Rosuvastatin<\/a><a href=\"#high-intensity-statin\">High-Intensity Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"saturn-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SATURN Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine direkte, serielle IVUS-Studie zum Vergleich von Rosuvastatin 40 mg mit Atorvastatin 80 mg \u00fcber 24 Monate zeigte, dass beide Therapieschemata eine Regression der Koronarplaque bewirkten. Dies best\u00e4tigt, dass eine intensive Behandlung mit jedem der beiden hochpotenten Statine zu \u00e4hnlichen Reduktionen des Plaquevolumens f\u00fchrt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SATURN reinforced that it is the degree of LDL lowering, not the specific statin, that drives regression, guiding treatment choices.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"scandinavian-simvastatin-survival-study-4s\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The 4S trial was a landmark 1994 randomised controlled trial that demonstrated simvastatin significantly reduced all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients with established coronary heart disease and elevated cholesterol, providing the first definitive evidence that statin therapy saves lives in secondary prevention.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The 4S study helped cement the &#039;lower is better&#039; approach to LDL-C and justified the aggressive cholesterol targets that followed in subsequent guidelines.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"scapis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SCAPIS<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SCAPIS (Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study) is a large population imaging study of more than 25,000 Swedish adults aged 50 to 64 with no known coronary artery disease, which used coronary CT angiography to detect atherosclerosis in 42 percent of participants and significant stenosis in about 5 percent.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its scale makes it one of the most reliable estimates of how common silent coronary disease is in apparently healthy middle-aged adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"scavenger-receptors-cd36-sr-a\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Scavenger Receptors (CD36 \/ SR-A)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Scavenger receptors, including CD36 and SR-A, are cell-surface proteins on macrophages that mediate the uptake of modified lipoproteins; TMAO upregulates these receptors, causing macrophages to accumulate excessive cholesterol and transform into lipid-laden foam cells that embed in artery walls and drive atherosclerotic plaque growth.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This links TMAO directly to the formation of arterial plaque, connecting gut bacteria to the core mechanism of heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"scot-heart-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SCOT-HEART Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SCOT-HEART was a randomised controlled trial conducted in Scotland that compared CCTA added to standard care versus standard care alone in patients with stable chest pain; patients assigned to CCTA had a 41% lower rate of fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction at five years, largely because the scan detected hidden disease and led to earlier targeted preventive treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key evidence that getting a detailed coronary CT scan \u2014 rather than relying on standard tests alone \u2014 can meaningfully reduce heart attacks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-test-your-doctor-isnt-ordering\/\">Der Herzesotest, den Ihr Arzt nicht anordnet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"secondary-prevention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention behandelt jemanden, der bereits einen Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall oder Stent hatte, um den n\u00e4chsten zu verhindern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The math here is completely different from prevention in a healthy person. Risk is high, benefit per person is large, and treatments that are optional for a healthy 45-year-old become close to essential.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#number-needed-to-treat\">Number Needed to Treat<\/a><a href=\"#primary-prevention\">Prim\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention<\/a><a href=\"#statin\">Statin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"secretory-phospholipase-a2-spla2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Secretory phospholipase A2 is an enzyme present in the arterial wall that cleaves phospholipids on retained LDL particles, chemically modifying them and promoting their aggregation and fusion; this modification accelerates the inflammatory response that drives plaque progression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates how the arterial wall actively worsens the damage once a particle is trapped, not just passively accumulates it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"secretory-sphingomyelinase\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Secretory Sphingomyelinase<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Secretory sphingomyelinase is an enzyme present in the arterial wall that modifies retained LDL particles after they become trapped in the intima, promoting their aggregation and making them far more atherogenic than native LDL.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates that arterial retention\u2014not just circulating LDL levels\u2014is what drives the inflammatory cascade leading to plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"seed-oils\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Samen\u00f6le<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Seed oils are cooking oils pressed from seeds \u2014 soybean, sunflower, canola, corn, safflower.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They have become a popular villain online, blamed for inflammation and disease. When actually tested, replacing saturated fat with them lowers LDL cholesterol and, in controlled trials, reduces heart events. The claimed inflammatory harm has not held up well in humans.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#linoleic-acid\">Linoleic Acid<\/a><a href=\"#olive-oil\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/a><a href=\"#polyunsaturated-fat\">Polyunsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"segment-involvement-score-sis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Segment Involvement Score (SIS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A coronary CT angiography measure that counts the number of coronary artery segments (out of 18 standardized segments) containing any plaque, regardless of whether the plaque is calcified or not; in the SCAPIS study, an SIS greater than 4 was associated with a hazard ratio of 5.27 for first coronary events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It captures the breadth of plaque distribution throughout the coronary tree, which predicts heart attack risk more powerfully than calcium score alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"select-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SELECT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SELECT was a large randomized controlled trial that tested weekly semaglutide (2.4 mg) versus placebo in adults with overweight or obesity and established cardiovascular disease but without diabetes; it found a 20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events, suggesting cardiovascular benefits beyond weight loss alone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SELECT established that GLP-1 medications can directly reduce heart attack and stroke risk, not merely improve metabolic numbers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-modern-medicine-save-a-couch-potato-the-40-year-triplet-experiment\/\">Kann die moderne Medizin einen Stubenhocker retten? Das 40-Jahre-Drillingsexperiment<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"semaglutide\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Semaglutid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Semaglutide is the medicine sold as Ozempic and Wegovy. It mimics a gut hormone that reduces appetite and improves blood sugar.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It produces large weight loss, but its heart benefits appear earlier than the weight loss can explain \u2014 which suggests it is acting on blood vessels and inflammation directly.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#glp-1-receptor-agonist\">GLP-1 Receptor Agonist<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><a href=\"#weight-loss\">Weight Loss<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"senescent-cells\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Senescent Cells<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Cells that have permanently stopped dividing in response to stress or damage and instead secrete a cocktail of inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and growth factors; in the arterial wall, their accumulation with age drives chronic inflammation and accelerates plaque growth.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that your own aging cells actively worsen plaque helps explain why heart-disease risk climbs with age independent of diet or lifestyle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-does-age-affect-atherosclerosis-a-qa-explainer\/\">Read: How Does Age Affect Atherosclerosis? A Q&#038;A Explainer<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"senolytics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Senolytics<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Senolytics are a class of drugs or compounds designed to selectively kill senescent cells; they are under investigation as potential anti-aging therapies but have not been tested in human trials for cardiovascular outcomes, and animal studies suggest they may worsen plaque stability in advanced disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Senolytics are widely marketed as supplements, but the cardiovascular evidence in humans is absent and animal data raise safety concerns.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"senotherapeutics\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Senotherapeutics<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An emerging class of experimental drugs designed to selectively eliminate (senolytics) or suppress the harmful secretions of senescent cells (senostatics), with the goal of reducing inflammation and slowing age-related diseases including atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These drugs represent a potential future tool for targeting the cellular aging process that underlies much of cardiovascular disease risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-does-age-affect-atherosclerosis-a-qa-explainer\/\">Read: How Does Age Affect Atherosclerosis? A Q&#038;A Explainer<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"serial-ivus\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Serial IVUS<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die Technik der Durchf\u00fchrung einer Intravaskul\u00e4ren Ultraschallbildgebung derselben Koronararterienabschnitte zu zwei oder mehr Zeitpunkten \u2013 typischerweise im Abstand von 18\u201324 Monaten \u2013, sodass Ver\u00e4nderungen des Plaquevolumens und der Gef\u00e4\u00dfabmessungen bei demselben Patienten im Laufe der Zeit pr\u00e4zise gemessen werden k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Serial IVUS is the gold-standard method for detecting plaque regression in clinical trials and is the basis for most of the evidence cited in this article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"serine-protease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Serine Protease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A class of enzymes that cleave protein bonds using a serine residue in their active site; PCSK9 belongs to this class and uses this activity to target LDL receptors for degradation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Classifying PCSK9 as a serine protease helps explain why antibody drugs\u2014which block its binding rather than its enzymatic site\u2014are an effective therapeutic strategy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-how-low-is-too-low\/\">Read: Cholesterol: How Low is Too Low?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"serotonergic-regulation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Serotonergic Regulation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The biological processes by which the neurotransmitter serotonin is synthesized, released, and modulated; estrogen directly influences serotonin neurons in the brain&#039;s raphe nuclei, so estrogen withdrawal can increase stress reactivity and emotional vulnerability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This mechanism links hormonal change to the mood and anxiety symptoms many women experience during menopause.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"serum-albumin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Serum Albumin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A protein synthesized by the liver that serves as a key marker of nutritional status and overall protein adequacy; low serum albumin in older adults is consistently associated with higher mortality risk and is used clinically as an indicator of frailty and undernutrition.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article cites albumin as a prognostic marker illustrating why calorie and protein sufficiency\u2014not dietary purity\u2014becomes the dominant concern in oldest-old adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sestrin2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sestrin2<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sestrin2 is an intracellular sensor protein that detects leucine levels inside the cell and relays that signal to mTORC1; when leucine is abundant, Sestrin2 releases an inhibitory brake on mTORC1, allowing muscle protein synthesis to proceed. It is part of the GATOR2\u2013leucyl-tRNA-synthetase axis that links dietary protein intake to anabolic signaling.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the molecular &#039;lock&#039; that must be opened by leucine before muscles can begin repairs after exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-kills-you-younger-than-65-may-save-you-over-65-the-protein-paradox\/\">Read: What Kills You Younger Than 65 May Save You Over 65 &#8211; The Protein Paradox<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"severe-hypercholesterolemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Severe Hypercholesterolemia<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Severe hypercholesterolemia is defined by the 2026 ACC\/AHA\/Multisociety Dyslipidemia Guideline as an LDL-C \u2265190 mg\/dL, non\u2013HDL-C &gt;220 mg\/dL, and\/or ApoB &gt;140 mg\/dL, representing a distinct management category in which maximally tolerated statin therapy is recommended as a Class 1 indication.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing this threshold clarifies when guidelines recommend treating high cholesterol as a standalone risk \u2014 even in the absence of other cardiovascular risk factors or a positive family history.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"severity-weight\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Severity Weight<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The severity weight (W) is a numerical value assigned within the Inherited Hazard Coefficient formula to reflect how serious a relative&#039;s cardiac event was \u2014 for example, sudden cardiac death receiving a higher weight than a non-fatal, medically managed event.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It ensures that a family history of fatal events raises the risk index more sharply than a history of milder outcomes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-heart-health-app-that-finally-asks-the-right-question\/\">Read: The Heart Health App That Finally Asks the Right Question<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sex-specific-cardiovascular-effects\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sex-Specific Cardiovascular Effects<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Differences in cardiovascular disease risk, progression, or response to an exposure that depend on biological sex \u2014 including sex chromosomes, hormone levels, and hormonal signaling \u2014 rather than lifestyle factors alone; estrogen, for example, is thought to confer relative protection against early atherosclerosis in females.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The stark male-only plaque increase in this study highlights that sex biology can profoundly shape how environmental exposures harm the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sglt2-inhibitor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SGLT2 Inhibitor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SGLT2-Hemmer sind Diabetes-Pille, die daf\u00fcr sorgen, dass die Nieren \u00fcbersch\u00fcssigen Zucker \u00fcber den Urin ausscheiden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Their biggest surprise was outside diabetes: they reduce hospitalization for heart failure and slow kidney disease, including in people without diabetes at all.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#chronic-kidney-disease\">Chronische Nierenerkrankung<\/a><a href=\"#diabetes\">Diabetes<\/a><a href=\"#heart-failure\">Herzinsuffizienz<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"shared-decision-making\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Partizipative Entscheidungsfindung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Shared decision-making is a clinical approach in which the physician and patient together weigh the available evidence \u2014 including imaging results, risk factors, and personal goals \u2014 to reach a management plan that reflects both medical best practice and the individual&#039;s values; the 2025 AHA\/ACC guidelines specifically invoke it for athletes found to have elevated coronary calcium scores.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For athletes facing a concerning scan result, this framework determines whether they are advised to stop competing, continue with monitoring, or start medications \u2014 making it directly relevant to real-life decisions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peak-fitness-hidden-calcium-the-athletes-paradox-of-plaque-buildup\/\">Spitzenfitness, verstecktes Kalzium: Das Paradoxon von Plaquebildung bei Sportlern<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"shbg-sex-hormone-binding-globulin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SHBG (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin is a liver-produced glycoprotein that binds testosterone (and estrogen) with high affinity, rendering the bound hormone biologically inactive and unavailable to tissues; because SHBG rises with age, obesity, and metabolic disease, two men with identical total testosterone levels can have very different amounts of usable hormone.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding SHBG explains why a &#039;normal&#039; total testosterone result can still leave a man feeling symptomatic.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"short-chain-fatty-acids-scfas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Metabolites\u2014primarily butyrate, propionate, and acetate\u2014produced when gut bacteria ferment dietary fiber; butyrate in particular exerts anti-inflammatory effects and influences gene expression through inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SCFAs are the mechanism by which high-fiber plant diets may slow immune aging and support metabolic stability in long-lived populations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sialic-acids\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sialic Acids<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon monosaccharides that cap the outermost ends of cell-surface glycan chains; their strong negative charge and exposed position make them key mediators of immune self-recognition, pathogen binding, and endothelial stability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The specific type of sialic acid on a cell determines whether the immune system treats that cell as self or foreign, which is at the core of the xenosialitis hypothesis.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sick-quitter-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Bias durch krankheitsbedingten Ausscheidenden<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A form of selection bias in alcohol research in which former drinkers who stopped due to illness are grouped with lifelong abstainers, making the non-drinking reference group appear unhealthier than it truly is and artificially inflating the apparent benefit of moderate drinking.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this bias helps explain why early studies overstated the heart benefits of moderate alcohol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-glass-half-empty-why-science-is-toasting-goodbye-to-heart-healthy-drinking\/\">Das Glas halb leer: Warum die Wissenschaft dem \u201cherzgesunden\u201d Trinken zuprostet<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"siglecs-sialic-acid-binding-lectins\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Siglecs (Sialic Acid-Binding Lectins)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Siglecs are a family of immune-cell receptors that bind sialic acids to distinguish self from non-self, regulating inflammatory signaling; when Neu5Gc replaces Neu5Ac on human endothelial cells, Siglec-mediated tolerance may be disrupted, contributing to the autoimmune-like response seen in xenosialitis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These receptors are the molecular checkpoint that determines whether the immune system attacks or tolerates a sialic-acid-decorated surface.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"silent-heart-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Silent Heart Disease<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Coronary artery disease that produces no chest pain, breathlessness, or other classic symptoms, leaving it undetected until imaging or a cardiac event reveals its presence; highly fit individuals are especially prone to missing it because their cardiovascular reserve masks functional impairment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Silent heart disease is the reason a symptom-free, athletic person can still be at imminent risk of a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-on-the-lynchpin-podcast\/\">Read: Peter Megdal on The Lynchpin Podcast<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"silent-ischemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Silent ischemia is when the heart muscle is starved of oxygen but the person feels nothing at all.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Highly trained athletes are particularly prone to it. Years of hard exercise raise pain tolerance, build backup blood vessels, and teach people to ignore discomfort. The result is severe disease that produces no warning until something serious happens.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angina\">Angina<\/a><a href=\"#athletes-heart\">Athlete&#039;s Heart<\/a><a href=\"#collateral-circulation\">Collateral Circulation<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"silent-myocardial-ischemia-smi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Silent Myocardial Ischemia (SMI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Silent myocardial ischemia is reduced blood flow to the heart during exertion that produces no chest pain or recognizable symptoms; in master athletes, elevated pain thresholds from years of training can mask this warning sign entirely.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>An athlete can be in the middle of a cardiac event and feel nothing unusual \u2014 understanding SMI explains why &#039;no pain&#039; does not mean &#039;no problem.&#039;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sinoatrial-node\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sinoatrial Node<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The sinoatrial node is a small cluster of specialized cells in the right atrium that generates the electrical impulse triggering each heartbeat; it acts as the heart&#039;s natural pacemaker, and its intrinsic firing rate declines with age independently of fitness level.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Age-related slowing of this node sets the hard ceiling on maximum heart rate that no amount of training can overcome.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sirna-small-interfering-rna\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">siRNA (Small Interfering RNA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A short, synthetic RNA molecule that binds to a specific messenger RNA target inside a cell and triggers its destruction before it can be translated into protein; inclisiran uses siRNA to block the liver from producing PCSK9, thereby reducing the removal of LDL receptors and lowering circulating ApoB-containing particles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding siRNA explains why inclisiran works with just two injections a year rather than a daily pill\u2014the silencing effect persists long after the molecule itself is gone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sit-bone-ischial-tuberosity-pressure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sit-Bone (Ischial Tuberosity) Pressure<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The compressive load placed on the bony prominences of the pelvis where they contact the bicycle saddle; during a prolonged, high-power effort the sustained pressure, amplified by increased effective body weight in banked turns, can cause significant musculoskeletal pain and force the athlete to briefly unweight.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Pain management strategies affect pacing decisions and, consequently, cardiovascular effort distribution throughout an event.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sitosterolemia-phytosterolaemia\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sitosterolemia (Phytosterolaemia)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes, leading to excessive intestinal absorption and reduced biliary excretion of plant sterols and cholesterol, and presenting with markedly elevated LDL-C and early xanthomas that can closely mimic HoFH but respond well to dietary change and ezetimibe.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Distinguishing sitosterolemia from HoFH is critical because the two conditions look nearly identical but require very different treatments.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"skinsuit\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Skinsuit<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A one-piece, form-fitting garment worn by competitive cyclists to minimize aerodynamic drag; the fabric, seams, and fit are engineered to reduce air resistance at high speeds.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Reducing drag lowers the cardiovascular workload needed to sustain a given speed, making equipment choices directly relevant to exercise physiology.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-the-dedham-times-article\/\">Read: Peter Megdal interviewed in Dedham Times<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"slco1b1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SLCO1B1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SLCO1B1 is the gene encoding the liver transporter OATP1B1, which carries hydrophilic statins \u2014 and to a lesser degree lipophilic ones \u2014 into hepatocytes; common variants in this gene reduce transporter activity, raising statin blood levels and increasing the risk of muscle toxicity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A simple genetic test for SLCO1B1 variants can identify patients at higher risk of statin muscle side effects before symptoms begin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sleep-apnea\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sleep Apnea<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Schlafapnoe ist ein wiederkehrendes Aussetzen der Atmung w\u00e4hrend des Schlafs, das meist durch das Kollabieren der Atemwege verursacht wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Each pause drops oxygen and jolts the nervous system. Over years this drives high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, and insulin resistance. It is common, often undiagnosed, and treatable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"small-dense-ldl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kleine dichte LDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Kleine, dichte LDL-Partikel sind LDL-Partikel, die kleiner sind und weniger Cholesterin transportieren als gew\u00f6hnlich.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are more common in people with insulin resistance and high triglycerides. Because each one holds less cholesterol, you need many more of them to reach the same LDL number \u2014 so a normal result can be hiding a very high particle count.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob-discordance\">ApoB Discordance<\/a><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-particle-number\">LDL Particle Number<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"smith-lemli-opitz-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Smith\u2013Lemli\u2013Opitz Syndrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Smith\u2013Lemli\u2013Opitz syndrome is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of DHCR7, the enzyme that completes the Kandutsch\u2013Russell branch of cholesterol synthesis, resulting in toxic accumulation of the precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol and severely reduced cholesterol production. It manifests with multiple congenital abnormalities and intellectual disability.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This syndrome illustrates how critically the body depends on intact cholesterol biosynthesis and provides a clinical window into the Kandutsch\u2013Russell pathway.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"smoking\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Rauchen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Rauchen sch\u00e4digt die Innenauskleidung der Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfe, erh\u00f6ht den Blutdruck, l\u00e4sst das Blut leichter gerinnen und beschleunigt das Plaque-Wachstum.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the single most damaging modifiable risk factor for the heart. The good news is that risk starts dropping within months of stopping and keeps falling for years.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#peripheral-artery-disease\">Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit<\/a><a href=\"#risk-factor\">Risikofaktor<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"smooth-muscle-cell\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Smooth Muscle Cell<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Smooth muscle cells make up the middle layer of an artery and control how much the vessel tightens or relaxes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>During plaque formation they migrate inward and build the fibrous cap, which is protective. But they can also change character and take on cholesterol themselves, contributing to the plaque they are covering.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#extracellular-matrix\">Extracellular Matrix<\/a><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#foam-cell\">Schaumstoffzelle<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sodium-loading-pre-exercise\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sodium Loading (Pre-Exercise)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The deliberate intake of sodium before prolonged exercise to help retain fluid in the bloodstream, support plasma volume, and sustain muscle contractility, particularly important for athletes who lose large amounts of sodium through sweat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Maintaining sodium and fluid balance directly affects blood pressure regulation and cardiac output during intense endurance exercise.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"soft-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Weiche Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Non-calcified, lipid-rich atherosclerotic plaque that does not appear bright on a standard calcium score scan but is detectable by CT angiography; it is considered higher risk for rupture than fully calcified plaque.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This distinction explains why a calcium score alone can miss dangerous plaque and why CT angiography provides more complete information.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/rethinking-heart-health-how-peter-megdal-turned-a-diagnosis-into-a-mission-for-change\/\">Read: Rethinking Heart Health: How Peter Megdal Turned a Diagnosis into a Mission for Change<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sort1-sortilin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SORT1 (Sortilin)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SORT1 encodes sortilin, a liver-expressed protein involved in intracellular trafficking of VLDL particles and LDL receptor activity; a non-coding regulatory variant on chromosome 1p13 that alters SORT1 expression in hepatocytes was identified through GWAS and subsequent functional studies as a determinant of LDL cholesterol levels and myocardial infarction risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The SORT1 story is a key example of how a GWAS signal in non-coding DNA can be traced to a specific gene and a specific mechanism relevant to heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sparcl-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SPARCL Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SPARCL (Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels) was a randomized controlled trial demonstrating that high-intensity atorvastatin significantly reduces the risk of recurrent stroke or TIA in patients who have already had a cerebrovascular event.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the key trials establishing that lowering ApoB-containing particles protects the brain, not just the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"spatial-resolution\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Spatial Resolution<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die r\u00e4umliche Aufl\u00f6sung in der medizinischen Bildgebung bezeichnet die kleinste Struktur, die ein Scanner als separates Objekt unterscheiden kann; die Koronar-CT-Angiographie hat eine praktische Aufl\u00f6sungsgrenze von etwa 0,4\u20130,5 mm, was bedeutet, dass fr\u00fche atherosklerotische L\u00e4sionen, die d\u00fcnner als ein menschliches Haar sind \u2013 typischerweise 100\u2013300 Mikrometer \u2013, f\u00fcr den Scan unsichtbar sind, selbst wenn sie biologisch vorhanden sind.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding resolution limits shows why a &#039;zero&#039; result on a heart scan reflects the camera&#039;s sensitivity, not necessarily the absence of disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"spontaneous-coronary-artery-dissection-scad\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein nicht-atherosklerotischer Riss der inneren Wand einer Koronararterie, der einen falschen Kanal bildet, welcher das wahre Lumen komprimiert, was insbesondere j\u00fcngere und Frauen mittleren Alters betrifft; angiographische Erscheinungsbilder k\u00f6nnen subtil sein und zur Best\u00e4tigung eine intrakoronare Bildgebung erfordern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SCAD is an important and under-recognized cause of heart attacks in women that can be missed on a standard angiogram.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sports-cardiologist\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sports Cardiologist<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A cardiologist with specialized training in the cardiovascular effects of exercise and athletic performance, able to distinguish normal athletic adaptations (athlete&#039;s heart) from pathological conditions and guide return-to-sport decisions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article recommends this specific subspecialty for athletes navigating AF and post-ablation decisions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-atrial-fibrillation-endurance-training-and-ablation-what-athletes-need-to-know\/\">Lesen: FCK: Vorhofflimmern, Ausdauertraining und Ablation \u2013 Was Sportler wissen m\u00fcssen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sprint\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sprint<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SPRINT tested whether pushing systolic blood pressure below 120 was better than the usual target of under 140.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The tighter target reduced events and deaths, and changed guidelines worldwide. It also increased some side effects, so the right target still depends on the individual.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#j-curve\">J-Curve<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sr-b1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SR-B1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SR-B1 ist der Rezeptor auf Leberzellen, der Cholesterin aus HDL-Partikeln aufnimmt und zur Ausscheidung \u00fcber die Galle abgibt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It completes the return journey. Oddly, people with a broken version have high HDL but higher heart risk \u2014 another reason the HDL number alone tells you little.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#bile-acid\">Bile Acid<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#reverse-cholesterol-transport\">Reverse Cholesterol Transport<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"srebp-2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SREBP-2<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SREBP-2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) is a transcription factor that senses low intracellular sterol levels in the liver and responds by increasing the production and surface expression of LDL receptors, thereby accelerating clearance of LDL from the blood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This feedback mechanism is central to why statins lower LDL: the drug depletes hepatic cholesterol, SREBP-2 turns up LDL receptors, and the liver pulls more LDL out of circulation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"srebp-2-scap-insig-sensor\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SREBP-2 \/ SCAP \/ Insig Sensor<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SREBP-2, SCAP, and Insig form a cholesterol-sensing system in the endoplasmic reticulum: when ER cholesterol exceeds roughly 5 mol%, SCAP retains SREBP-2 in the ER, suppressing further cholesterol synthesis and LDL receptor expression.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This feedback loop explains why cells tightly regulate their own cholesterol production and why statin therapy upregulates LDL receptors to pull more cholesterol from the blood.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/your-cells-make-their-own-cholesterol-so-why-is-your-blood-full-of-it\/\">Ihre Zellen produzieren ihr eigenes Cholesterin \u2013 warum ist also Ihr Blut voll davon?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"srebp-2-scap-insig-axis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SREBP-2\u2013SCAP\u2013INSIG Axis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The SREBP-2\u2013SCAP\u2013INSIG axis is the cell&#039;s master cholesterol-sensing circuit: when intracellular cholesterol falls, the protein SCAP escorts SREBP-2 to the Golgi for activation, switching on genes for cholesterol synthesis and LDL-receptor expression; when cholesterol is sufficient, INSIG retains the complex in the endoplasmic reticulum, shutting the pathway down.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why cells can make their own cholesterol and why very low blood LDL-C does not necessarily starve tissues of what they need.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-what-is-it-good-for\/\">Read: Cholesterol: What Is It Good For?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"st-segment-depression\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ST Segment Depression<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An abnormal finding on an electrocardiogram (EKG) in which the ST segment\u2014the portion of the tracing between the end of one heartbeat and the start of the next\u2014drops below the baseline; a horizontal ST depression during exercise is a classic sign of cardiac ischemia, meaning the heart muscle is not receiving enough blood.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this EKG pattern is key to understanding why Dr. Megdal&#039;s stress test raised concern even when his overall fitness appeared excellent.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"st-elevation-myocardial-infarction-stemi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A STEMI is a specific, severe type of heart attack in which a coronary artery is completely blocked, producing a characteristic pattern on an electrocardiogram called ST-elevation. It is the category for which emergency reperfusion \u2014 thrombolysis or primary PCI \u2014 is most urgently needed and most clearly beneficial.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>STEMI is the benchmark for measuring how much acute cardiac care has improved; contemporary in-hospital STEMI mortality of roughly 4\u20137% is compared against the roughly 20\u201330% mortality of the pre-CCU era.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stable-coronary-artery-disease-stable-cad\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stable Coronary Artery Disease (Stable CAD)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Stable CAD describes a chronic condition in which coronary artery blockages produce predictable symptoms such as exertional chest pain but are not acutely worsening or causing a heart attack; it is distinguished from acute coronary syndromes in which plaques are actively rupturing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The distinction between stable and unstable disease is central to this article&#039;s argument that most patients with stable blockages do not need emergency intervention.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stable-disease-stable-coronary-artery-disease\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stable Disease (Stable Coronary Artery Disease)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Stable coronary artery disease refers to a pattern of fixed or slowly progressing atherosclerotic narrowing that produces predictable, exertion-related symptoms rather than the abrupt plaque rupture seen in a heart attack. Current guidelines and major trials emphasize that stable disease can often be managed effectively with medications and lifestyle changes rather than immediate stenting or bypa\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This distinction is central to the article&#039;s message: many patients with stable disease are offered procedures when evidence supports trying lifestyle and medication first.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-of-curingheartdisease-com-interview\/\">Read: Peter Megdal of curingheartdisease.com Interview<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stable-isotope-analysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stable Isotope Analysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A laboratory technique that measures the ratios of stable isotopes (such as carbon-13\/carbon-12 or nitrogen-15\/nitrogen-14) preserved in bone or tissue; in archaeology and paleoanthropology it is used to reconstruct ancient diets, including estimating how much animal food early humans consumed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is one of the primary scientific tools cited to support evolutionary arguments about ancestral meat consumption.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"statin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Statin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Statin verlangsamt das Enzym, das Ihre Leber zur Bildung von Cholesterin nutzt. Ihre Leber reagiert darauf, indem sie mehr Cholesterin aus Ihrem Blut zieht, und genau daraus ergibt sich der eigentliche Nutzen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Statins are the most studied cardiovascular medicines in existence, tested in hundreds of thousands of people. They lower LDL and ApoB, stabilize plaques, and reduce heart attacks and deaths.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol-synthesis\">Cholesterol Synthesis<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-receptor\">LDL Receptor<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-lowering\">Lipid Lowering<\/a><a href=\"#muscle-symptoms-from-statins\">Muscle Symptoms From Statins<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-stabilization\">Plaque Stabilization<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"statin-associated-muscle-symptoms-sams\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Statin-associated muscle symptoms is the clinical umbrella term for the spectrum of muscle-related complaints \u2014 pain, weakness, cramps, and fatigue \u2014 reported by patients taking statins, ranging from mild discomfort driven largely by the nocebo effect to rare serious myopathy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SAMS is the leading reason patients stop statins, so distinguishing its many causes is essential to keeping people on life-saving treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"statinwise\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">StatinWISE<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>StatinWISE was an n-of-1 randomized trial in which individual patients alternated between statin tablets and placebo tablets across multiple periods, allowing a within-person comparison of symptoms; its results confirmed that a substantial portion of muscle symptoms attributed to statins are not pharmacologically caused.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The n-of-1 design of StatinWISE provides especially strong evidence about individual responses, going beyond average group comparisons to show what a specific type of patient actually experiences.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/should-i-take-my-cholesterol-medicines-you-bet\/\">Soll ich meine Cholesterinmedikamente einnehmen? Und ob.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"statistical-power\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Statistical Power<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Statistical power is a study&#039;s ability to detect a real effect if one exists. It depends mostly on how many events occur.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>An underpowered trial that finds nothing has not shown the treatment does not work \u2014 only that the study was too small to tell. The two conclusions are constantly confused.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#confidence-interval\">Confidence Interval<\/a><a href=\"#p-value\">P-Value<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stenosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stenose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Stenose ist eine Verengung \u2013 meist ausgedr\u00fcckt als Prozentsatz, wie etwa eine 70-prozentige Blockade.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gets more attention than it deserves. Most heart attacks come from plaques that were nowhere near 70 percent narrowed. What the plaque is made of matters more than how tight the squeeze is.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#lumen\">Lumen<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-burden\">Plaquebelaastung<\/a><a href=\"#stent\">Stent<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stent\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stent<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Stent ist ein kleines Metallgitterr\u00f6hrchen, das in einer verengten Arterie erweitert wird, um diese offen zu halten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>During a heart attack, stents save lives. For stable chest pain, large trials found they relieve symptoms but do not prevent future heart attacks better than medication alone. A stent fixes one spot; the disease lives in all your arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angioplasty\">Angioplastie<\/a><a href=\"#bypass-surgery\">Bypass-Operation<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-catheterization\">Cardiac Catheterization<\/a><a href=\"#stenosis\">Stenose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sterol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Sterol ist eine Familie wachsartiger Molek\u00fcle, die auf derselben Vier-Ring-Struktur aufgebaut sind. Cholesterin ist dasjenige, das Tiere herstellen; Pflanzen stellen ihre eigenen Versionen her.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Plant sterols compete with cholesterol for absorption in the gut, which is why sterol-fortified spreads modestly lower LDL.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol\">Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#dietary-cholesterol\">Dietary Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#npc1l1\">NPC1L1<\/a><a href=\"#phytosterol\">Phytosterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stomp-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">STOMP Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized, placebo-controlled trial that tested high-dose atorvastatin in healthy, physically active participants; it found increased muscle symptoms and creatine kinase levels but no significant reduction in muscle strength or exercise performance over six months.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The most directly relevant trial evidence for athletes wondering whether statins measurably harm physical performance.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cholesterol-for-athletes-how-to-lower-ldl-without-losing-your-edge-a-practical-guide-to-statins\/\">Read: Cholesterol for Athletes: How to Lower LDL Without Losing Your Edge (A Practical Guide to Statins)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"strength-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">STRENGTH Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized trial testing 4 g\/day of a mixed EPA\/DHA formulation versus corn oil in high-risk cardiovascular patients; it found no reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events, suggesting that EPA-only and EPA+DHA formulations are not interchangeable.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>STRENGTH&#039;s null result is a key reason cardiologists distinguish between EPA-only and mixed omega-3 products.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stress-cmr-cardiac-magnetic-resonance\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stress CMR (Cardiac Magnetic Resonance)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive test that uses MRI to assess myocardial perfusion and wall motion during pharmacological or exercise stress, detecting ischemia without radiation. It is highlighted in the article as part of an advanced imaging framework for athletes in whom standard stress testing may be unreliable.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It offers a more sensitive way to detect hidden ischemia in athletes whose symptoms and standard ECG stress tests may appear falsely reassuring.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stress-test\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stress Test<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Belastungs-EKG beobachtet Ihr Herz, w\u00e4hrend Sie auf einem Laufband oder Fahrrad trainieren, manchmal mit zus\u00e4tzlicher Bildgebung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is designed to find arteries narrowed enough to limit blood flow under load. It misses a great deal of plaque, because a plaque can be large and dangerous without narrowing the artery enough to fail this test.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#electrocardiogram\">Electrocardiogram<\/a><a href=\"#ischemia\">Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stroke\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Schlaganfall<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Schlaganfall tritt auf, wenn die Blutversorgung eines Teils des Gehirns unterbrochen wird, entweder durch einen Verschluss oder durch eine Blutung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Signs come on suddenly: face drooping, arm weakness, slurred speech, sudden vision or balance problems. Call emergency services immediately \u2014 treatments that limit the damage only work within a short window.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atrial-fibrillation\">Vorhofflimmern<\/a><a href=\"#carotid-artery\">Halsschlagader<\/a><a href=\"#ischemic-stroke\">Isch\u00e4mischer Schlaganfall<\/a><a href=\"#thrombosis\">Thrombose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"stroke-volume\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Stroke Volume<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Schlagvolumen ist die Menge an Blut, die das Herz mit jedem Schlag auspumpt; bei Masters-Sportlern f\u00f6rdert das chronische Training gr\u00f6\u00dfere, nachgiebigere Ventrikel, die h\u00f6here Schlagvolumina aufrechterhalten und so den unvermeidlichen altersbedingten R\u00fcckgang der maximalen Herzfrequenz teilweise ausgleichen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Stroke volume is a key lever athletes can influence through training, making it central to understanding why fit people age better aerobically than sedentary peers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"subclinical-atherosclerosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Subklinische Atherosklerose bedeutet, dass Plaque vorhanden ist, aber noch keine Symptome oder Ereignisse verursacht hat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This describes an enormous number of apparently healthy adults. It is the whole reason imaging tests exist: to find the disease during the decades when it is silent and still highly treatable.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#arterial-remodeling\">Arterielles Remodeling<\/a><a href=\"#atherosclerosis\">Arteriosklerose<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-ct-angiography\">Koronare CT-Angiographie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"subendothelial-proteoglycan-matrix\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Subendothelial Proteoglycan Matrix<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The subendothelial proteoglycan matrix is the structural meshwork of proteoglycans \u2014 including versican, biglycan, and heparan sulfate \u2014 lying just beneath the endothelial lining of artery walls; ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles that cross the endothelium become physically trapped here, where they are oxidised and initiate the atherosclerotic process.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is the precise anatomical site where heart disease begins, which is why particle count matters more than particle size.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"subendothelial-retention\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Subendotheliale Retention<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Subendothelial retention is the process by which ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles that have crossed the endothelial barrier become electrostatically bound to proteoglycans in the arterial intima and are unable to diffuse back into the bloodstream; it is considered the non-redundant first step in atherosclerosis under the response-to-retention framework.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the physical event that converts circulating particles into a permanent, disease-starting deposit\u2014the reason lowering particle number early is so protective.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"subendothelial-space\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Subendothelial Space<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The subendothelial space is the narrow gap just beneath the artery&#039;s inner lining, between that single layer of cells and the muscle beneath.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is exactly where ApoB particles get trapped and where every plaque begins. Everything else in atherosclerosis follows from what accumulates in this thin layer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/which-came-first-the-lipid-or-the-inflammation-apolipoprotein-b-and-the-chicken-and-egg-problem-of-atherogenesis\/\">Read: Which Came First &#8211; the Lipid or the Inflammation? Apolipoprotein B and the Chicken-and-Egg Problem of Atherogenesis<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#intima\">Intima<\/a><a href=\"#proteoglycan-retention\">Proteoglycan Retention<\/a><a href=\"#transcytosis\">Transzytose<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sudden-cardiac-arrest-sca\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Sudden cardiac arrest is the abrupt cessation of effective heart pumping that, unlike sudden cardiac death, is followed by successful restoration of circulation; the two conditions share the same underlying event and differ only in whether resuscitation succeeds.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the difference between arrest and death clarifies why rapid bystander response can turn a fatal event into a survivable one.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sudden-cardiac-death\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Pl\u00f6tzlicher Herztod tritt auf, wenn das Herz abrupt stehen bleibt und die Person innerhalb von Minuten stirbt, oft ohne vorherige Warnung.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In older adults it usually follows a heart attack. In young athletes the causes are different \u2014 inherited heart muscle or electrical conditions. Fast CPR and a defibrillator are what change the outcome.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#automated-external-defibrillator\">Automated External Defibrillator<\/a><a href=\"#cardiac-arrest\">Cardiac Arrest<\/a><a href=\"#electrocardiogram\">Electrocardiogram<\/a><a href=\"#emergency-action-plan\">Emergency Action Plan<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sugar-research-foundation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sugar Research Foundation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Sugar Research Foundation was a mid-20th century industry group funded by sugar manufacturers that commissioned and published research \u2014 including the 1960s initiative known as Project 226 \u2014 specifically designed to shift scientific and public attention away from dietary sugar and toward dietary fat as the primary dietary cause of cardiovascular disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the Sugar Research Foundation&#039;s role shows how industry funding can distort the scientific consensus on diet and heart health for decades.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"summit-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SUMMIT Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SUMMIT was a randomized placebo-controlled trial testing tirzepatide in patients with HFpEF and obesity that demonstrated a 38% reduction in the composite of cardiovascular death and worsening heart failure events, along with a 34.9% drop in hs-CRP and meaningful improvement in 6-minute walk distance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SUMMIT is cited as the key evidence that these drugs offer &#039;new hope&#039; for stiff-heart disease, so knowing what the trial measured helps readers assess that claim.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"supravalvular-aortic-stenosis-svas\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Supravalvul\u00e4re Aortenstenose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aorta just above the aortic valve caused in HoFH by massive infiltration of xanthomatous, cholesterol-rich tissue into the aortic wall and valve leaflets, creating a structural obstruction to blood flow out of the heart. Unlike age-related calcific valve disease, SVAS in HoFH is a direct consequence of extreme lipid accumulation rather than dege\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>SVAS can produce sudden, life-threatening obstruction even in young children with HoFH, making it a critical complication to monitor.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"surpass-cvot\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SURPASS-CVOT<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>SURPASS-CVOT was a randomized active-comparator trial comparing tirzepatide with the GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease; tirzepatide was noninferior for 3-point MACE (HR 0.92) and reduced all-cause mortality by 16%, though it did not achieve statistical superiority for MACE.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This trial is the primary evidence base for tirzepatide&#039;s cardiovascular profile and helps readers understand what we know \u2014 and don&#039;t yet know \u2014 about Mounjaro&#039;s heart benefits.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"surrogate-endpoint\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Surrogate Endpoint<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A surrogate endpoint is a measurable biological marker \u2014 such as LDL cholesterol, CIMT, or coronary artery calcium \u2014 used in trials as a stand-in for a clinical outcome like a heart attack; favorable changes in surrogates support plausibility of benefit but do not by themselves prove that a treatment prevents heart attacks or death.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Much of the evidence for hormone therapy&#039;s cardiovascular effects comes from surrogate endpoints, which is why the article stresses that hormones are not proven heart medicine.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"surrogate-marker\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Surrogatmarker<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein Surrogatmarker ist ein Ersatzmesswert, der verwendet wird, weil das, was Sie eigentlich interessiert, zu lange dauert, um beobachtet zu werden.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Cholesterol is a good surrogate \u2014 lowering it genuinely reduces heart attacks. Others have failed badly: drugs that improved the number on the report while patients did no better, or worse. A moved number is a promise, not a result.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#biomarker\">Biomarker<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#intima-media-thickness\">Intima-Media Thickness<\/a><a href=\"#major-adverse-cardiovascular-event\">Schwerwiegendes kardiovaskul\u00e4res Ereignis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"survival-bias-cholesterol-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Survival Bias (Cholesterol Paradox)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An observational artifact in very elderly cohorts where higher LDL-C appears associated with longer survival, most likely because individuals who were most susceptible to lipid-driven cardiovascular disease have already died, leaving behind a selected group in whom other factors dominate longevity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It cautions against interpreting apparent benefits of high cholesterol in the oldest old as evidence that LDL is harmless at any age.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ldl-bad-cholesterol-apolipoprotein-b-imaging-resolution-and-the-illusion-of-normal-coronary-arteries-at-age-60\/\">Read: LDL \u201cBAD\u201d Cholesterol: Apolipoprotein B, Imaging Resolution, and the Illusion of \u201cNormal\u201d Coronary Arteries at Age 60<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"survivor-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">\u00dcberlebendenbias<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Survivor bias in the elderly paradox refers to the statistical artifact whereby people who reach old age with high LDL may represent a genetically hardy subset who were never vulnerable to LDL-driven atherosclerosis, making high LDL appear safe in that age group when the susceptible individuals already died younger.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognizing this bias is essential to avoid misreading observational data on cholesterol and longevity in older adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"survivorship-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Survivorship Bias<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Survivorship bias in epidemiology occurs when a study population is shaped by who has already died or experienced events before observation begins; in cardiovascular aging research, it helps explain why octogenarians who still have high cholesterol appear no worse off \u2014 those most harmed by high cholesterol often died younger and are no longer in the sample.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Survivorship bias is a key reason why risk-factor relationships look weaker in very old populations, and ignoring it leads to wrong conclusions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-accelerates-as-you-age\/\">Read: Heart disease accelerates as you age<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"sweat-sodium-loss\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Sweat Sodium Loss<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The concentration and total amount of sodium excreted in sweat during exercise; individuals with high sweat-sodium rates can lose several grams per hour, increasing the risk of hyponatremia, muscle cramping, and impaired cardiac contractility if fluid and electrolytes are not replaced.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Electrolyte imbalance during prolonged exertion can provoke arrhythmias and cardiovascular complications.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"swedeheart-registry\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SWEDEHEART Registry<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein gro\u00dfes schwedisches nationales Register von Patienten, die wegen Herzerkrankungen hospitalisiert wurden, das f\u00fcr Beobachtungsanalysen zur Untersuchung von Behandlungsmustern und Ergebnissen in der klinischen Praxis verwendet wird, einschlie\u00dflich des Zusammenhangs von Statinen und Hemmern des Renin-Angiotensin-System mit verbesserten Langzeitergebnissen bei MINOCA-Patienten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The SWEDEHEART analyses provide the strongest available evidence on which medications may benefit MINOCA patients in the absence of large randomized trials.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"syntax-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">SYNTAX Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Synergy Between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery trial randomized 1,800 patients with complex three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease to PCI or bypass surgery, finding at 10 years that CABG conferred a survival advantage in three-vessel disease but not in left main disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It established which patients gain the most from bypass surgery versus stenting when multiple arteries are blocked.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"systematic-review\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Systematic Review<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine systematische \u00dcbersichtsarbeit sucht nach jeder Studie zu einer Fragestellung anhand einer zuvor festgelegten Methode und bewertet sie anschlie\u00dfend nach konsistenten Kriterien.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The pre-declared search is the point. It prevents an author from quietly including studies that support their view and omitting those that do not.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#meta-analysis\">Meta-Analysis<\/a><a href=\"#publication-bias\">Publication Bias<\/a><a href=\"#randomized-controlled-trial\">Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"systolic-blood-pressure\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der systolische Blutdruck ist die obere Zahl \u2013 der Druck in Ihren Arterien, w\u00e4hrend sich Ihr Herz zusammenzieht.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>In adults over about 50 it is the more important of the two numbers, because arteries stiffen with age and that stiffness pushes the top number up.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#blood-pressure\">Blutdruck<\/a><a href=\"#diastolic-blood-pressure\">Diastolic Blood Pressure<\/a><a href=\"#hypertension\">Bluthochdruck<\/a><a href=\"#vascular-age\">Vascular Age<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-t\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">T<\/h2><article id=\"takotsubo-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Takotsubo Syndrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine vor\u00fcbergehende, durch Stress ausgel\u00f6ste Kardiomyopathie, die durch eine akute Linksventrikelbulonierung \u2013 typischerweise apikal \u2013 bei fehlender obstruktiver Koronarkrankheit gekennzeichnet ist, einen akuten Herzinfarkt imitieren kann und bei der Diagnostik von MINOCA ausgeschlossen werden muss.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Takotsubo is one of the non-ischemic mimics that must be ruled out before the MINOCA label can be correctly applied.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tanaka-equation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Tanaka Equation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Tanaka equation estimates maximum heart rate as 208 minus 0.7 times a person&#039;s age; it predicts that maximum heart rate falls by roughly one beat per minute every year regardless of training status.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This formula gives athletes and clinicians a concrete benchmark for the age-related speed limit on the heart.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tango1-mia3\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TANGO1 (MIA3)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A protein encoded by the MIA3 gene that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and acts as a specialized export scaffold, organizing ring-like structures at ER exit sites to facilitate secretion of large cargoes\u2014most importantly procollagen\u2014that cannot fit into standard COPII vesicles.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Without adequate TANGO1 activity, vascular smooth muscle cells cannot build the thick collagen cap that keeps plaque stable, making rupture and heart attack more likely.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tapering\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Tapering<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A planned reduction in training volume and intensity in the days or weeks before a competition, designed to allow the body to recover fully and arrive at peak performance capacity on race day.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Tapering is a standard preparation strategy for endurance events; disrupting it\u2014as COVID did for Megdal\u2014directly affects cardiovascular and muscular readiness.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/cyclist-peter-megdal-seeks-out-and-overcomes-difficult-obstacles\/\">Read: Cyclist Peter Megdal seeks out, and overcomes, difficult obstacles<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"taurine\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Taurine<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A sulfur-containing amino acid abundant in animal tissues that plays roles in bile acid conjugation, antioxidant defense, and cardiovascular function; humans have a reduced capacity to synthesize it endogenously, which Cordain cites as evidence of long evolutionary dependence on dietary animal protein.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding which nutrients are conditionally essential from animal foods helps evaluate whether fully plant-based diets require supplementation for heart and metabolic health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"telomere-length-tl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Telomere Length (TL)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The length of protective repetitive DNA sequences capping chromosomes; shorter telomeres are a marker of cellular aging, and individuals born with shorter telomeres have been shown to carry significantly higher risks of midlife hypercholesterolemia and arterial damage.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It suggests that biological aging and cardiovascular risk are partly set at birth, not just shaped by adult lifestyle.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"testosterone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Testosteron<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Testosteron ist das wichtigste m\u00e4nnliche Sexualhormon, obwohl auch Frauen es in geringeren Mengen produzieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For heart purposes, the total number on a lab report can be misleading. Much of it is locked to a carrier protein and unavailable to your tissues, so two men with the same total can be in very different situations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#estrogen\">\u00d6strogen<\/a><a href=\"#hormone-replacement-therapy\">Hormone Replacement Therapy<\/a><a href=\"#resistance-training\">Krafttraining<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"the-china-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">The China Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A 2005 book by T. Colin Campbell summarizing decades of epidemiological research, including the China-Cornell-Oxford Project, that links diets high in animal protein and fat to higher rates of chronic disease including cardiovascular disease; it is widely cited in plant-based nutrition literature.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Along with Esselstyn&#039;s work, this book was a key source that led Dr. Megdal to adopt a whole-food plant-based diet as part of his recovery.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"thin-cap-fibroatheroma\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A thin-cap fibroatheroma is an advanced atherosclerotic lesion in which inflammatory proteolysis has reduced the fibrous cap thickness to below 65 micrometers over a necrotic core, making it the plaque phenotype most associated with rupture and acute coronary thrombosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It represents the &#039;vulnerable plaque&#039; stage most directly linked to heart attacks, connecting decades of lipid accumulation to the acute event.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"thoracic-aortic-aneurysm-taa\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A thoracic aortic aneurysm is a dilation of the aorta within the chest caused primarily by intrinsic structural failure of the medial layer, frequently driven by genetic mutations affecting fibrillin-1 or TGF-\u03b2 signaling rather than by atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>TAA can cause catastrophic dissection at smaller diameters and younger ages than AAA, making genetic awareness and early screening critical for active individuals.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"threshold-lactate-threshold\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Threshold (Lactate Threshold)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The exercise intensity at which lactate begins to accumulate in the blood faster than it can be cleared, marking the upper boundary of sustainable aerobic effort; riding at or near this intensity for one hour is the physiological challenge of the hour record.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding lactate threshold explains why pushing even slightly too hard causes rapid fatigue and why precise pacing is critical in endurance events.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hour-that-would-not-end\/\">Read: The Hour That Would Not End<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"threshold-model\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Threshold Model<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The threshold model of atherosclerosis proposes that plaque formation requires a sufficient concentration of atherogenic lipoproteins sustained over time; populations such as the Tsimane, who maintain very low lifetime LDL-C levels, demonstrate that even high systemic inflammation does not initiate significant atherosclerosis when the lipoprotein burden stays below this critical threshold.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The threshold model helps explain why starting lipid-lowering early in life may be far more protective than starting treatment after decades of elevated exposure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-uncovering-the-diet-industrys-organized-denial\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie: Uncovering the Diet Industry&#8217;s Organized Denial<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"thrombolysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Thrombolyse<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Thrombolysis is the use of clot-dissolving drugs \u2014 sometimes called &#039;clot busters&#039; \u2014 to break up the coronary artery blockage causing a heart attack, restoring blood flow to the heart muscle. It was one of the key rescue therapies that reduced heart-attack mortality in the latter decades of the twentieth century.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Thrombolysis was the first drug-based way to reopen a blocked artery during a heart attack, bridging the gap before emergency angioplasty became widely available.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"thrombosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Thrombose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Thrombose ist ein Blutgerinnsel, das sich in einem Blutgef\u00e4\u00df bildet.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Clotting is a survival mechanism when you are bleeding. Inside a coronary artery, on top of a cracked plaque, it is what turns a slow disease into a sudden emergency.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-the-biology-not-the-pipes-the-radical-new-approach-to-heart-disease\/\">Read: Treating the Biology, Not the Pipes: The Radical New Approach to Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aspirin\">Aspirin<\/a><a href=\"#blood-clot\">Blutgerinnsel<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"thromboxane-a%e2%82%82-txa%e2%82%82\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Thromboxane A\u2082 (TxA\u2082)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Thromboxane A\u2082 is a short-lived chemical released by activated platelets that amplifies platelet aggregation and causes blood vessels to constrict; aspirin&#039;s primary antithrombotic benefit comes from permanently blocking its production in platelets.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>TxA\u2082 is the key driver of the platelet clumping that aspirin is designed to prevent, making it central to understanding the drug&#039;s mechanism.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-daily-aspirin-killing-you-or-saving-you-what-the-newest-science-says\/\">T\u00f6tet Sie Ihre t\u00e4gliche Aspirin-Einnahme oder rettet sie Ihr Leben? Was die neueste Wissenschaft sagt.<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"time-trial-cycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Time Trial (Cycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A solo race against the clock in which riders start individually at set intervals and cover a fixed distance\u2014here 10 miles\u2014with the fastest elapsed time determining the winner; drafting off other riders is not permitted.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The time trial is the event in which Megdal finished 2nd, making it central to the article&#039;s cardiovascular-performance story.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-gets-second-at-national-championships\/\">Read: Peter Megdal gets second at National Championships<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"time-weighted-average-apob\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Time-Weighted Average ApoB<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Time-weighted average apoB is the cumulative apoB exposure divided by the duration of observation, providing a measure of sustained average atherogenic particle pressure that normalizes for how long a person has been followed; it is more informative than a single apoB reading but less complete than the full area-under-the-curve metric.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It offers a practical way to compare particle burden across people followed for different lengths of time.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"timing-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Timing Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The timing hypothesis is the theory that menopausal hormone therapy is safest and most likely to benefit the heart when started soon after menopause, while blood vessels are still healthy and responsive to estrogen, rather than years later when atherosclerosis may already be established.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this concept explains why the same hormone can look harmful in one study and beneficial in another depending on when women started taking it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tirzepatide\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Tirzepatid<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Tirzepatide, sold as Mounjaro and Zepbound, acts on two gut hormone receptors rather than one.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It produces greater weight loss and blood sugar improvement than the single-target drugs, with cardiovascular outcome evidence still accumulating.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glp-1-receptor-agonist\">GLP-1 Receptor Agonist<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><a href=\"#semaglutide\">Semaglutid<\/a><a href=\"#weight-loss\">Weight Loss<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tlr4-toll-like-receptor-4\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TLR4 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pattern-recognition receptor of the innate immune system that normally detects bacterial toxins but can also be activated by saturated fatty acids, triggering NF-\u03baB signaling and cytokine production such as IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains the molecular reason why high-fat meals promote inflammation and can destabilize existing plaques.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tma-lyase-cutc-d\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TMA Lyase (CutC\/D)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>TMA lyase is a microbial glycyl radical enzyme encoded by the cutC and cutD genes that cleaves the carbon\u2013nitrogen bond in dietary choline, releasing trimethylamine (TMA) gas as a byproduct; it is the rate-limiting enzymatic step in the gut-to-liver TMAO pathway and a primary pharmacological target for non-lethal microbiome inhibitors.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Blocking this single enzyme could reduce TMAO production without killing beneficial gut bacteria \u2014 a promising drug target.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tmao\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TMAO<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>TMAO is a compound your gut bacteria produce from nutrients found in red meat, eggs, and some fish. Higher blood levels have been linked to heart disease.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Whether TMAO actually causes the damage or is simply a signal of a diet and gut pattern that does remains genuinely unsettled. Fish raises it more than steak does, which complicates the simple story considerably.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#biomarker\">Biomarker<\/a><a href=\"#carnitine\">Carnitine<\/a><a href=\"#choline\">Choline<\/a><a href=\"#gut-microbiome\">Gut Microbiome<\/a><a href=\"#surrogate-marker\">Surrogatmarker<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tnf-%ce%b1-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TNF-\u03b1 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A pro-inflammatory cytokine produced downstream of TLR4 activation that contributes to systemic and vascular inflammation; along with IL-6 it is implicated in weakening the fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaques.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the specific inflammatory signals that links dietary fat intake to plaque rupture risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/pathophysiological-determinants-of-atherosclerotic-regression-the-criticality-of-ultra-low-fat-whole-food-plant-based-nutritional-protocols\/\">Read: Pathophysiological Determinants of Atherosclerotic Regression: The Criticality of Ultra-Low-Fat Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutritional Protocols<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tocilizumab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Tocilizumab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A monoclonal antibody that blocks the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), used clinically to treat rheumatoid arthritis and cytokine storm syndromes; its cardiovascular effects closely mirror those of the naturally protective Asp358Ala genetic variant, providing pharmacological validation of IL-6R blockade as an anti-atherosclerotic strategy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Comparing drug effects to genetic variants helps researchers confirm that lowering IL-6 signaling genuinely reduces heart-disease risk, not just a marker of it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-lottery-why-you-cant-count-on-being-bulletproof\/\">Lekt\u00fcre: Die genetische Lotterie: Warum man sich nicht darauf verlassen kann, \u201cunkaputtbar\u201d zu sein\u201d<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tofi-phenotype\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TOFI Phenotype<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>TOFI (Thin Outside, Fat Inside) describes individuals with a normal BMI who nonetheless carry elevated visceral and intrahepatic fat, resulting in insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and increased cardiometabolic risk that standard weight-based screening fails to detect.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The TOFI phenotype is a key reason doctors increasingly look beyond BMI when assessing a patient&#039;s true cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"total-atheroma-volume-tav\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Total Atheroma Volume (TAV)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das totale Atheromvolumen ist ein mittels IVUS ermitteltes absolutes Ma\u00df f\u00fcr das gesamte dreidimensionale Plaquevolumen innerhalb eines abgebildeten Koronarsegments, angegeben in Kubikmillimetern. Im Gegensatz zum PAV wird das TAV nicht auf die Gef\u00e4\u00dfgr\u00f6\u00dfe normalisiert, sodass es das rohe Ausma\u00df der im Laufe der Zeit entfernten oder hinzugef\u00fcgten Erkrankung erfasst.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>TAV gives a concrete sense of how many cubic millimeters of plaque were gained or lost, making trial results easier to interpret.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"total-cholesterol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Gesamtcholesterin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Gesamtcholesterin fasst das Cholesterin in all Ihren Partikeln zusammen, sowohl sch\u00e4dliche als auch hilfreiche.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because it lumps everything into one number, it can hide more than it reveals. A person with high HDL and a person with high LDL can post the same total while facing very different risks.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-your-normal-cholesterol-is-actually-a-warning-sign\/\">Warum Ihr \u2018normales\u2019 Cholesterin eigentlich ein Warnsignal ist<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cholesterol\">Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#non-hdl-cholesterol\">Non-HDL Cholesterol<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"total-plaque-volume-tpv\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Total Plaque Volume (TPV)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A quantitative measure, obtained by AI-assisted CT angiography, of the combined three-dimensional volume of all atherosclerotic deposits across the coronary arteries; high TPV is the strongest independent imaging predictor of future myocardial infarction, conferring approximately a sevenfold increase in risk in SCOT-HEART.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Measuring total plaque volume gives a more complete picture of cardiovascular burden than any single plaque characteristic alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"total-shoulder-replacement-total-shoulder-arthroplasty\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Total Shoulder Replacement (Total Shoulder Arthroplasty)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A surgical procedure in which the damaged ball-and-socket structures of the shoulder joint are replaced with prosthetic components; recovery involves an extended period of limited upper-body loading that can disrupt an athlete&#039;s overall training continuity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Major joint surgery affects an athlete&#039;s ability to maintain cardiovascular conditioning and is relevant context for understanding training interruptions in older active adults.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"track-coach-cycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Track Coach (Cycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A specialist coach with expertise in velodrome racing, including optimal pacing strategy, line selection, aerodynamic positioning, and the physiological demands of sustained maximal efforts such as the hour record.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Structured coaching is central to evidence-based exercise prescription, helping athletes safely maximise cardiovascular output without exceeding recovery capacity.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-sets-national-hour-time-trial-record\/\">Lese: Peter Megdals nationaler Stunden-Zeitfahrekord, aufgestellt am 14. Oktober 2021<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"trans-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Trans Fat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Transfett ist ein k\u00fcnstlich ver\u00e4ndertes Fett, das fr\u00fcher verwendet wurde, um verarbeiteten Lebensmitteln eine l\u00e4ngere Haltbarkeit zu verleihen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the worst fat ever studied for the heart \u2014 it raises LDL and lowers HDL at the same time. It has now been banned or phased out in most countries, one of the clearest public health wins in nutrition.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-myth-of-coconut-oil-as-a-health-food-how-industry-influences-what-you-eat\/\">Der Mythos von Kokosnuss\u00f6l als gesundes Lebensmittel: Wie die Industrie beeinflusst, was Sie essen!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#hdl\">HDL<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><a href=\"#unsaturated-fat\">Unsaturated Fat<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transcendental-meditation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Transzendentale Meditation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Transcendental Meditation (TM) is a specific meditation technique involving the silent repetition of a personally assigned mantra for around 20 minutes twice daily. The article notes that TM is the technique behind the most-cited trial claiming a large reduction in cardiovascular events \u2014 a result that weakened substantially under independent reanalysis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>TM has generated some of the boldest cardiovascular claims in the meditation literature; knowing it is a distinct, trademarked technique helps you assess those claims critically.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transcytosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Transzytose<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Transcytosis is the process by which a cell picks something up on one side, carries it across, and releases it on the other.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This is how LDL particles cross the artery&#039;s inner lining. They do not slip through gaps \u2014 they are actively ferried across, which is why a perfectly intact lining still lets cholesterol in.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#endothelium\">Endothel<\/a><a href=\"#ldl\">LDL<\/a><a href=\"#retention-hypothesis\">Retention Hypothesis<\/a><a href=\"#subendothelial-space\">Subendothelial Space<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transdermal-17%ce%b2-estradiol\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Transdermal 17\u03b2-Estradiol<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Transdermal 17\u03b2-estradiol is the bioidentical form of the body&#039;s primary estrogen delivered through a skin patch directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the liver and its clot-promoting effects while still reaching vascular estrogen receptors.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the specific hormone formulation at the center of this article&#039;s argument for a safer cardiovascular profile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transform-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TRANSFORM Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An ongoing large randomized controlled trial designed to test whether guiding clinical decisions with AI-assisted CCTA plaque staging actually reduces heart attacks and cardiovascular events compared with standard care.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the key unanswered study the article says must report before we know whether scanning people translates into saved lives.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transintestinal-cholesterol-excretion-tice\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Transintestinal Cholesterol Excretion (TICE)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Transintestinal cholesterol excretion is a pathway by which the body eliminates cholesterol directly through the intestinal wall into the gut lumen, independently of biliary secretion. It contributes to total fecal neutral sterol loss alongside the more widely known biliary route.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>TICE represents an additional target for cholesterol-lowering strategies that bypass the liver, and its existence means fecal sterol loss cannot be attributed entirely to bile.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-million-dollar-molecule-why-your-body-pays-a-fortune-for-cholesterol\/\">Das Millionen-Dollar-Molek\u00fcl: Warum Ihr K\u00f6rper ein Verm\u00f6gen f\u00fcr Cholesterin zahlt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"transsulfuration\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Transsulfuration<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The second metabolic pathway for clearing homocysteine, irreversibly converting it to cystathionine via the enzyme cystathionine \u03b2-synthase with vitamin B-6 (pyridoxal-5-phosphate) as cofactor; unlike remethylation, this route permanently disposes of homocysteine.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why B-6 adds little to lowering a fasting homocysteine level unless a person is actually deficient.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"traverse-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">TRAVERSE Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The TRAVERSE trial was a large randomized controlled trial of approximately 5,200 middle-aged to older men at elevated cardiovascular risk that compared testosterone replacement therapy to placebo, finding no significant difference in rates of heart attack or stroke between groups; its results led the FDA to remove the boxed cardiovascular warning from testosterone products in 2025.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This trial is the primary reason the long-standing fear that testosterone therapy causes heart attacks has been largely dispelled.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/testosterone-therapy-and-your-heart-why-your-total-score-is-misleading\/\">Read: Testosterone Therapy and Your Heart: Why Your Total Score is Misleading<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"treat-to-target-coronary-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Treat-to-Target (Coronary Plaque)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A management strategy in which serial quantitative plaque measurements guide therapy intensity, with the explicit goal of achieving a measurable reduction in total plaque volume rather than simply reaching a laboratory value such as LDL-C.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article presents this as the clinical payoff of AI-QCT: patients can watch their &#039;grease&#039; shrink in real numbers over time.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"triglyceride-rich-lipoproteins-trl-remnants\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins (TRL) Remnants<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants are the cholesterol-enriched particles left over after lipoprotein lipase partially digests VLDL and chylomicrons; human genetic evidence now supports a causal role for these remnants in atherosclerosis, independent of LDL, and genes such as APOC3, ANGPTL3, and LPL regulate their clearance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Remnant particles can enter and damage artery walls much like LDL, making their clearance an important target for cardiovascular protection.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-genetic-architecture-of-cardiovascular-protection\/\">Read: The Genetic Architecture of Cardiovascular Protection<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"triglyceride-rich-lipoproteins-trls\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins (TRLs)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Triglyzeridreiche Lipoproteine sind eine Klasse ApoB-haltiger Partikel \u2013 vor allem VLDL und IDL \u2013, die gro\u00dfe Mengen an Triglyzeriden transportieren und im \u00dcberma\u00df produziert werden, wenn die Leber \u00fcberlastet ist, wie bei Insulinresistenz oder Adipositas; ihre Remnants sind direkt atherogen und k\u00f6nnen in die arterielle Intima vordringen, was zu einem Risiko beitr\u00e4gt, das bei der Standard-LDL-C-Messung \u00fcbersehen wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They explain why people with normal LDL-C but high triglycerides or metabolic syndrome can still have a dangerously high ApoB particle count.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-high-cholesterol-in-your-20s-and-30s-cause-a-heart-attack-later-even-if-you-lower-it\/\">Read: Can high cholesterol in your 20s and 30s cause a heart attack later even if you lower it?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"triglyceride-to-hdl-c-ratio\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Triglyceride-to-HDL-C Ratio<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The triglyceride-to-HDL-C ratio is a simple blood-test calculation used as a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity and atherogenic dyslipidemia; a low ratio is interpreted by Lipid Energy Model proponents as evidence of good metabolic health that may modify the cardiovascular risk of elevated LDL-C.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Proponents of the metabolic-context view cite this ratio to argue that not all high-LDL states carry the same risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-big-cholesterol-lie-part-2\/\">Read: The Big Cholesterol Lie, Part 2<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"triglycerides\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Triglyceride<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Triglycerides are the main form of fat in your blood and in your body&#039;s storage.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>High levels usually signal that something metabolic is off \u2014 too much alcohol, insulin resistance, or excess calories. They also come packaged in particles whose leftovers can lodge in artery walls, so they carry risk of their own.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#insulin-resistance\">Insulinresistenz<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#vldl\">VLDL<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"trimethylaminuria-fish-odor-syndrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Trimethylaminuria (Fish Odor Syndrome)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Trimethylaminuria is a metabolic disorder caused by reduced FMO3 enzyme activity \u2014 often due to genetic polymorphisms \u2014 in which TMA cannot be efficiently oxidized to odorless TMAO in the liver, causing TMA to accumulate and be excreted through sweat, breath, and urine, producing a characteristic fishy odor.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates how individual genetic differences in liver metabolism can alter the TMAO pathway and affect health outcomes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-hidden-toxin-in-your-steak-how-gut-bacteria-drive-heart-disease\/\">Das versteckte Toxin in Ihrem Steak: Wie Darmbakterien Herzerkrankungen antreiben<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"trophic-level\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Trophic Level<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A position in a food chain defined by the organism&#039;s primary energy source; animals at high trophic levels obtain most of their energy from other animals, and stable isotope data suggesting Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens had high trophic-level diets implies heavy reliance on animal foods.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Trophic-level data from fossils is central to the evolutionary case for higher protein intake.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-protein-debate\/\">Read: The Protein Debate<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"troponin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Troponin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Troponin ist ein Protein, das bei einer Sch\u00e4digung des Herzmuskels ins Blut austritt. Ein Bluttest darauf dient zur Best\u00e4tigung von Herzinfarkten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Modern tests are so sensitive they can detect very small amounts, which sometimes turns up minor heart strain after extreme endurance events in otherwise healthy athletes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#myocardium\">Myocardium<\/a><a href=\"#electrocardiogram\">Electrocardiogram<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"tsimane\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Tsimane<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Tsimane are an indigenous forager-horticulturalist population of the Bolivian Amazon whose traditional lifestyle\u2014characterized by high physical activity and low average LDL cholesterol of around 91 mg\/dL\u2014is associated with markedly low rates of coronary calcification, with 85 percent of adults over 40 showing no detectable coronary calcium.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They serve as key evidence that extensive atherosclerosis is not an inevitable consequence of aging but is strongly shaped by lifelong risk-factor exposure.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-disease-you-are-born-with\/\">Eine angeborene Krankheit<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"two-ladder-framework\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Zwei-Leiter-Modell<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der in dieser \u00dcbersicht verwendete Zwei-Leiter-Rahmen ist ein analytischer Ansatz, der Ern\u00e4hrungsmuster auf zwei getrennten Evidenzstufen bewertet \u2013 eine f\u00fcr g\u00fcnstige Ver\u00e4nderungen in der arteriellen Bildgebung (Plaqueregress) und eine f\u00fcr die Reduktion harter klinischer Ereignisse wie Herzinfarkt und Tod \u2013, wodurch die Vermischung von Surrogatmarkern mit aussagekr\u00e4ftigen Patientenendpunkten verhindert wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps readers understand why a diet that shrinks a plaque on a scan is not automatically proven to prevent death, and vice versa.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/what-is-the-difference-between-mediterranean-and-whole-food-plant-based-diets-for-heart-disease\/\">Read: What is the difference between Mediterranean and whole-food plant-based diets for heart disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"type-2-diabetes-remission\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Type 2 Diabetes Remission<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A clinical state in which blood glucose falls below the diagnostic threshold for type 2 diabetes and is maintained without glucose-lowering medication; low-carbohydrate diets have been shown in trials to increase remission rates at six months, though the advantage narrows by twelve months.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article highlights that keto&#039;s glucose benefit is real but time-limited, a distinction critical for patients weighing long-term treatment strategies.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/keto-vs-whole-food-plant-based-whats-the-hard-evidence-for-performance-insulin-sensitivity-heart-disease-reversal-and-longevity\/\">Keto vs. Whole-Food Plant-Based: Was sagen die harten Beweise zu Leistung, Insulinsensitivit\u00e4t, Umkehrung von Herzerkrankungen und Langlebigkeit?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-u\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">U<\/h2><article id=\"u-shaped-or-reverse-j-shaped-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">U-Shaped (or Reverse J-Shaped) Hypothesis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A proposed dose-response relationship between exercise volume and coronary atherosclerosis risk, in which moderate exercise is maximally protective but very high lifetime training volumes are associated with increased subclinical plaque burden in some individuals, mirroring the athlete paradox findings from cohorts such as Master@Heart.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This framework explains why &#039;more is always better&#039; may not apply to extreme endurance training and why elite athletes still need heart screening.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-calcium-and-athletic-risk\/\">Read: Coronary Calcium and Athletic Risk<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"uci-union-cycliste-internationale\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">UCI (Union Cycliste Internationale)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The world governing body for competitive cycling, which ratifies official records\u2014including the Hour Record\u2014and sets the rules for elite and masters competition worldwide.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The UCI sanction is what makes Megdal&#039;s world record official rather than merely a personal best.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"uk-biobank\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">UK Biobank<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>UK Biobank holds detailed genetic, lifestyle, and health data on half a million British volunteers, linked to their medical records.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Its size and genetic depth make it the workhorse behind much modern Mendelian randomization \u2014 the method that separates causes from coincidences.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cohort-study\">Cohort Study<\/a><a href=\"#genetics\">Genetik<\/a><a href=\"#mendelian-randomization\">Mendelsche Randomisierung<\/a><a href=\"#polygenic-risk-score\">Polygenic Risk Score<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ulcerative-colitis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ulcerative Colitis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease causing inflammation and ulceration of the colon lining; in the article it is the medical reason the index patient adopted a ketogenic diet, which then drove his extreme rise in LDL cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Context for why the patient adopted the diet matters when evaluating whether his lipid pattern is relevant to broader dietary advice.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-metabolic-health-protect-you-from-high-cholesterol\/\">Read: Does metabolic health protect you from high cholesterol?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ultra-processed-foods\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ultra-Processed Foods<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Industrial food products formulated from refined ingredients and additives\u2014such as emulsifiers, colorings, and flavor enhancers\u2014with little resemblance to whole foods; both plant-based and animal-based ultra-processed products are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, validating the article&#039;s argument that processing level matters as much as food source.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Recognising ultra-processing as a cardiovascular risk factor independent of plant-vs-animal origin is central to the &#039;food quality&#039; debate discussed in the article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/treating-heart-disease-with-diet-isnt-just-a-modern-obsession\/\">Read: Treating heart disease with diet isn&#8217;t just a modern obsession &#8211; it&#8217;s a practice backed by millions of years of evolutionary history and the sharpest tools in modern science<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"umbrella-review\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Umbrella Review<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A systematic review of multiple existing meta-analyses on a topic, providing a high-level synthesis of evidence across many studies; cited in the article to summarize findings on plant-based diets and cardiovascular outcomes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing what an umbrella review is helps readers judge why this type of evidence is considered especially comprehensive.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"unrecognized-myocardial-infarction-umi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction (UMI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An unrecognized myocardial infarction is a heart attack that occurred without being identified at the time, leaving a permanent scar on the heart muscle that is only discovered later through imaging or electrocardiography.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing UMI exists helps explain why a fit athlete with no cardiac history can still carry hidden heart damage.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-being-fit-can-hide-a-heart-attack\/\">Wie gute Fitness einen Herzinfarkt verbergen kann<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"unrestrained-lipolysis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Unrestrained Lipolysis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Unrestrained lipolysis is the excessive, insulin-independent breakdown of fat stored in adipose tissue, releasing a flood of free fatty acids into the bloodstream; in insulin resistance, the normal suppression of hormone-sensitive lipase by insulin fails, making this process continuous rather than tightly regulated.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the upstream trigger that overloads the liver with fat, driving the overproduction of atherogenic particles.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/stop-trusting-ldl-the-truth-about-apob-insulin-resistance-diabetes\/\">Read: Stop Trusting LDL! The Truth About ApoB, Insulin Resistance, &#038; Diabetes<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"unsaturated-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Unsaturated Fat<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Unsaturated fat is liquid at room temperature and comes from plants and fish \u2014 olive oil, nuts, seeds, avocado, seed oils.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Replacing saturated fat with it lowers LDL cholesterol and reduces heart events. This is one of the most consistent findings in all of nutrition science.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/are-seed-oils-healthy-true-or-false\/\">Read: Are Seed Oils Healthy, True or False?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#monounsaturated-fat\">Monounsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#olive-oil\">Oliven\u00f6l<\/a><a href=\"#polyunsaturated-fat\">Polyunsaturated Fat<\/a><a href=\"#saturated-fat\">Ges\u00e4ttigte Fetts\u00e4uren<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"unstable-angina\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Instabile Angina pectoris<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Unstable angina is chest discomfort that appears at rest, comes on with less effort than before, or is suddenly getting worse.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Unlike stable angina, which is predictable, this pattern suggests a plaque has become active and a heart attack may be close behind. It is treated as an emergency.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#angina\">Angina<\/a><a href=\"#heart-attack\">Herzinfarkt<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><a href=\"#vulnerable-plaque\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"unstable-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Unstable Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An unstable plaque is an atherosclerotic lesion with a thin fibrous cap, a large lipid-rich necrotic core, and active inflammation, making it prone to rupture even when it is not large enough to meaningfully restrict blood flow or cause symptoms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing that dangerous plaques are not necessarily large ones reframes how heart attack risk should be assessed.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"upstream-trait\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Upstream Trait<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In causal biology, a characteristic or variable that sits earlier in the causal chain and drives downstream outcomes; the article uses this term to describe how genes for body composition and lean mass produce high VO\u2082 max as a secondary consequence.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Grasping the upstream\/downstream distinction is essential to understanding why the article concludes that lifestyle behaviors matter more than the VO\u2082 max number itself.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/vo%e2%82%82-max\/\">Read: VO\u2082 max: the determinant of Health and Longevity?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"uremic-toxin\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Uremic Toxin<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A uremic toxin is a waste product that accumulates to harmful concentrations in the blood when kidney function is severely impaired and cannot clear it adequately; the article describes TMAO as behaving like a uremic toxin only at the very high, &#039;supraphysiological&#039; levels seen in advanced kidney disease. At normal kidney function it is considered a harmless passenger.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The distinction matters because it explains why TMAO may be dangerous in dialysis patients but not in healthy people who eat fish or meat.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-red-meat-killing-you-through-your-gut-the-great-tmao-cover-up\/\">T\u00f6tet rotes Fleisch Sie \u00fcber den Darm? Die gro\u00dfe TMAO-Vertuschung<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-v\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">V<\/h2><article id=\"vagal-tone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vagal Tone<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Aktivit\u00e4tsgrad des parasympathischen (Vagusnerv-)Zweigs des autonomen Nervensystems, der auf das Herz wirkt; ein hoher Vagotonus verlangsamt die Ruhezufrequenz des Herzens und ist im Allgemeinen kardioprotektiv, es wird jedoch vermutet, dass er bei Ausdauersportlern zu einem erh\u00f6hten Risiko f\u00fcr Vorhofflimmern beitr\u00e4gt.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding vagal tone explains the nuanced risk of excessive endurance training, part of the U-shaped curve discussion in this article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"valsalva-maneuver\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Valsalva Maneuver<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das Valsalva-Man\u00f6ver ist eine erzwungene Ausatmung gegen eine geschlossene Glottis, die beim schweren Heben auftritt; es erh\u00f6ht den intrathorakalen Druck w\u00e4hrend der Belastungsphase drastisch, aber die abrupt gefolgte Freisetzung erzeugt heftige R\u00fcckw\u00e4rtsdruckwellen in der Aorta, die Intimarisse in einer anf\u00e4lligen Gef\u00e4\u00dfwand ausl\u00f6sen k\u00f6nnen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding the Valsalva maneuver explains why the moment of releasing a heavy lift \u2014 not the lift itself \u2014 poses the greatest aortic risk.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vasa-vasorum\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vasa Vasorum<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The vasa vasorum are tiny blood vessels that supply the wall of a larger artery. The name means &quot;vessels of the vessels.&quot;<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>An artery wall is thick enough to need its own blood supply. As a plaque grows, these vessels multiply into it \u2014 bringing inflammatory cells and the risk of bleeding inside the plaque.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/from-the-womb-to-reversal-undoing-a-lifetime-of-arterial-damage\/\">Von der Geb\u00e4rmutter zur Umkehrung: Die R\u00fcckg\u00e4ngigmachung lebenslanger Arteriensch\u00e4den<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#adventitia\">Adventitia<\/a><a href=\"#intraplaque-hemorrhage\">Intraplaque Hemorrhage<\/a><a href=\"#neovascularization\">Neovascularization<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-age\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vascular Age<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vascular age is an estimate of how old your arteries behave, compared with your actual age.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>A 50-year-old can have arteries acting like a 65-year-old&#039;s, or a 40-year-old&#039;s. Unlike your birthday, this number can move in both directions depending on what you do about it.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#systolic-blood-pressure\">Systolic Blood Pressure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-aging\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vascular Aging<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Die progressive strukturelle und funktionelle Verschlechterung von Arterien im Laufe der Zeit, gekennzeichnet durch Elastizit\u00e4tsverlust, erh\u00f6hte Steifigkeit und die Ansammlung mikroskopischer Sch\u00e4den, die die Arterienw\u00e4nde anf\u00e4lliger f\u00fcr Lipidablagerungen und chronische Entz\u00fcndungen machen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that aging itself changes the arteries explains why cardiovascular risk rises even in people who manage traditional risk factors.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-does-age-affect-atherosclerosis-a-qa-explainer\/\">Read: How Does Age Affect Atherosclerosis? A Q&#038;A Explainer<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-cognitive-impairment-and-dementia-vcid\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is an umbrella term for cognitive decline caused primarily by cerebrovascular disease, encompassing a spectrum from mild impairment to severe dementia resulting from strokes, small-vessel disease, or chronic hypoperfusion.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article positions VCID as a key intermediate outcome on the pathway from ApoB-driven arterial disease to the clinical syndrome often diagnosed as Alzheimer&#039;s.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-injury-direct-vascular-injury\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vascular Injury (Direct Vascular Injury)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Physical or biochemical damage to the cells and structures of blood vessel walls \u2014 distinct from injury mediated through elevated cholesterol or other systemic risk factors \u2014 that can independently initiate or accelerate atherosclerotic plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The finding that microplastics caused arterial damage without raising cholesterol points to a direct-injury mechanism that bypasses traditional risk pathways.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-are-everyday-microplastics-fueling-heart-disease\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Are Everyday Microplastics Fueling Heart Disease?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-memory\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vascular Memory<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The concept that cumulative exposure of arterial walls to atherogenic lipoproteins during childhood leaves a structural imprint\u2014detectable years later as increased carotid intima-media thickness\u2014that persists even if risk factors subsequently improve.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why high cholesterol in a child matters decades before any symptoms appear.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-babies-need-statins\/\">Read: Do Babies Need Statins?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vascular-resilience\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vaskul\u00e4re Resilienz<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vascular resilience describes a phenotype in which an individual&#039;s arterial wall is relatively resistant to plaque development despite sustained exposure to elevated ApoB-containing lipoproteins; proposed mechanisms include reduced endothelial permeability, lower proteoglycan retention, or attenuated inflammatory signaling, though no clinical test currently identifies this trait.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding that resilience delays but does not abolish atherosclerosis helps explain why a clean family history is reassuring but not a guarantee of lifelong protection.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-good-genes-beat-bad-lipids\/\">Read: Can Good Genes Beat Bad Lipids?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vasomotor-function\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vasomotor Function<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vasomotor function refers to the artery&#039;s ability to relax and widen (dilate) or constrict in response to physiological signals, a capacity governed largely by the endothelium; in primate regression experiments, vasomotor responses improved within months of cholesterol lowering even before measurable plaque shrinkage occurred.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why patients can benefit from treatment faster than imaging changes appear\u2014a key practical takeaway from this article.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-heart-disease-be-reversed\/\">Read: Can heart disease be reversed?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vasomotor-symptoms-vms\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vasomotor Symptoms (VMS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Physiological events such as hot flashes and night sweats caused by instability in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center during estrogen withdrawal; they can persist for many years and show significant variation by racial and ethnic group.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>VMS are among the most common and disruptive menopausal symptoms, and their duration and severity have downstream effects on sleep, mood, and cardiovascular health.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vasomotor-tone\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vasomotor Tone<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Grad der aktiven Kontraktion oder Relaxation der glatten Muskulatur in der Arterienwand, der den Lumendurchmesser als Reaktion auf den metabolischen Bedarf, endotheliale Signale wie Stickstoffmonoxid und neuronale Einfl\u00fcsse kontinuierlich anpasst; ein verbesserter vasomotorischer Tonus nach einer Lebensstilintervention kann das funktionelle Lumen auch ohne strukturellen Plaqueverlust erweitern.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It helps explain how lifestyle changes like the Ornish program can produce apparent lumen improvement through functional rather than purely structural changes.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/reversal-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-mechanistic-insights-from-human-and-primate-studies\/\">Read: Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights from Human and Primate Studies<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vcam-1\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VCAM-1<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>VCAM-1 is a sticky molecule that appears on an inflamed vessel lining and grabs passing white blood cells so they can burrow into the wall.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the earliest steps in plaque formation, switching on before there is anything to see on a scan.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#atherogenesis\">Atherogenese<\/a><a href=\"#endothelial-dysfunction\">Endothelial Dysfunction<\/a><a href=\"#icam-1\">ICAM-1<\/a><a href=\"#macrophage\">Makrophage<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vegetarian-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vegetarian Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine vegetarische Ern\u00e4hrung schlie\u00dft Fleisch aus, und eine vegane Ern\u00e4hrung schlie\u00dft alle tierischen Produkte aus.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These diets are associated with longer life and less heart disease, but the comparison groups matter. Vegetarians also tend to smoke less, drink less, and exercise more, so untangling the diet from the lifestyle around it is genuinely difficult.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-vegetarian-longevity-a-lie\/\">Ist vegetarische Langlebigkeit eine L\u00dcGE?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#confounding\">Confounding<\/a><a href=\"#plant-based-diet\">Plant-Based Diet<\/a><a href=\"#red-meat\">Red Meat<\/a><a href=\"#whole-food-plant-based-diet\">Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"velodrome\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Velodrome<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine Radrennbahn oder eine ovale Freiluft-Radrennbahn mit steil \u00fcberh\u00f6hten Kurven, speziell gebaut f\u00fcr Bahnrennen wie den Stundenweltrekord; die \u00dcberh\u00f6hung erm\u00f6glicht es den Fahrern, in den Kurven hohe Geschwindigkeiten beizubehalten, ohne die Bodenhaftung zu verlieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The velodrome&#039;s geometry\u2014banking angle, track surface, and line markings\u2014directly determines strategy and record eligibility.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"velodrome-track-temperature\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Velodrome Track Temperature<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The ambient air temperature inside an indoor cycling track; warmer conditions reduce air density and aerodynamic drag\u2014improving speed\u2014but simultaneously raise cardiovascular and thermoregulatory stress, requiring athletes to balance performance gain against physiological cost.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Heat stress increases cardiac output demands and can compromise performance and safety in athletes with heart conditions.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-hour-record-2022\/\">Lesen: Peter Megdal Stundenweltrekord 2022<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"venous-thromboembolism-vte\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Venous thromboembolism is a blood clot forming in a deep vein, most often in the leg, that can break off and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism); oral estrogen roughly doubles VTE risk by stimulating the liver to produce extra clotting factors, whereas transdermal estradiol does not significantly raise this risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>VTE risk is one of the central trade-offs women and doctors must weigh when choosing between pill and patch formulations.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-the-new-estrogen-patch-prevent-heart-disease-the-complex-truth-explained\/\">Read: Does The New Estrogen Patch Prevent Heart Disease? The Complex Truth Explained<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ventricular-fibrillation\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ventricular Fibrillation<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ventricular fibrillation is a chaotic, disorganized electrical rhythm of the heart&#039;s main pumping chambers that produces no effective heartbeat and leads to loss of consciousness and death within minutes if not corrected by defibrillation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is the immediate electrical mechanism responsible for most sudden cardiac deaths, and understanding it explains why a defibrillator shock is the definitive treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-not-to-die-young\/\">Lies: Wie man nicht jung stirbt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"versican\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Versican<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Versican is a large sulfated proteoglycan found in the arterial intima whose negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chains bind ionically to apoB-100 on lipoprotein particles, contributing to their retention in the artery wall as an early step in atherosclerosis.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the molecular &#039;Velcro&#039; components that traps lipoprotein particles in the artery wall before inflammation begins.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/apob-longer-higher-worse\/\">Read: ApoB: Longer, Higher, Worse<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"verve-101-heart-1-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Verve-101 (heart-1 Trial)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The first-in-human clinical trial of an in vivo CRISPR base-editing therapy targeting the PCSK9 gene in liver cells, designed to permanently lower LDL-C with a single administration; it follows primate data showing durable cholesterol reductions without ongoing treatment.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Verve-101 represents the frontier of cardiovascular prevention\u2014a potential lifelong solution delivered in one visit.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-cholesterol-breakthrough-from-daily-pills-to-twice-a-year-shots\/\">Read: The Cholesterol Breakthrough: From Daily Pills to Twice-a-Year Shots<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vesalius-cv-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VESALIUS-CV Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>VESALIUS-CV is a 2025 randomized trial of evolocumab added to optimized lipid therapy in high-cardiovascular-risk patients without prior myocardial infarction or stroke, showing that earlier and more aggressive ApoB lowering reduces atherosclerotic events.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It extends the case for aggressive ApoB lowering to people who have not yet had a heart attack or stroke.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"virtual-histology-ivus-vh-ivus\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Virtual Histology IVUS (VH-IVUS)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A signal-processing technique applied to intravascular ultrasound data that color-codes plaque components\u2014fibrous, fibro-fatty, necrotic core, and calcified tissue\u2014without physical biopsy; it has been used in regression trials to show that intensive lipid lowering increases fibrous content and reduces necrotic core volume.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It allows researchers and clinicians to assess plaque composition non-destructively, confirming structural stabilization that angiography alone cannot reveal.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/coronary-plaque-regression-the-lumen-paradox-and-vascular-remodeling-in-athletes-integrating-pharmacologic-and-whole-food-plant-based-strategies\/\">Koronare Plaque-Regression, das Lumen-Paradoxon und vaskul\u00e4res Remodeling bei Sportlern: Integration pharmakologischer und vollwertiger, pflanzenbasierter Strategien<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"visceral-adipose-tissue-vat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Visceral adipose tissue is fat stored deep within the abdominal cavity, surrounding organs such as the liver, stomach, and intestines; unlike subcutaneous fat just beneath the skin, it drains directly into the portal vein and is metabolically active, secreting hormones and pro-inflammatory signals that elevate cardiometabolic risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding VAT explains why waist size and fat distribution predict heart disease risk better than body weight alone.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"visceral-adiposity-index-vai\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Viszeraler Adipositas-Index<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The Visceral Adiposity Index is a sex-specific mathematical score that combines waist circumference, BMI, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol to estimate visceral fat dysfunction and cardiometabolic risk when direct imaging is unavailable.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It gives clinicians and researchers a practical way to quantify visceral fat burden without needing a CT scan or MRI.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"visceral-fat\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Viszerales Fett<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>See Belly Fat for the full entry.<\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"visibility-bias\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Visibility Bias<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Visibility bias is the cognitive tendency to perceive only problems that produce noticeable symptoms or visible signs, while underestimating threats that are silent; in cardiovascular medicine it describes why patients often dismiss heart disease risk because they feel well, even though atherosclerosis typically develops for decades without any symptoms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding this bias explains why feeling healthy is not the same as being healthy when it comes to your arteries.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/you-feel-fine-thats-the-problem\/\">Read: You Feel Fine &#8211; That\u2019s the Problem<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"visp-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VISP Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A randomized trial of 3,680 stroke survivors that compared high-dose versus low-dose B vitamins over two years and found no reduction in recurrent stroke rates, with approximately 9 percent recurrence in both treatment groups.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It was one of the first large trials to directly test whether lowering homocysteine after stroke prevents further strokes, and its null result shaped subsequent research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/can-decreasing-homocysteine-with-l-methylfolate-active-b-vitamins-help-prevent-atherosclerosis-and-reduce-plaque\/\">Kann die Senkung von Homocystein mit L-Methylfolat + aktiven B-Vitaminen helfen, Atherosklerose vorzubeugen und Plaque zu reduzieren?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vital-trial\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VITAL Trial<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large randomized trial testing 1 g\/day of combined EPA and DHA in a predominantly healthy population; it found no significant reduction in major cardiovascular events, illustrating that low-dose omega-3 supplementation is insufficient for cardiovascular protection.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>VITAL demonstrates that dose matters\u2014results from low-dose supplement trials cannot be extrapolated to high-dose prescription EPA therapy.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-and-fish-oil\/\">Read: Heart Disease and Fish Oil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vitamin-k2\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vitamin K2<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Vitamin K2 (Menachinon) ist ein fettl\u00f6slicher Cofaktor, der zur Aktivierung des Matrix-Gla-Proteins erforderlich ist, welches die Gef\u00e4\u00dfverkalkung hemmt; eine Statintherapie kann die Bioverf\u00fcgbarkeit von Vitamin K2 als Nebenprodukt der Unterdr\u00fcckung des Mevalonatwegs verringern und so m\u00f6glicherweise die Art und Weise beeinflussen, wie Calcium in Plaques abgelagert wird.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is proposed as one mechanistic explanation for the statin\u2013CAC paradox, where plaques calcify more densely under statin treatment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-estrogen-protect-womens-arteries-from-plaque\/\">Sch\u00fctzt \u00d6strogen die Arterien von Frauen vor Plaque?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vldl\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VLDL<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>VLDL oder Lipoprotein sehr niedriger Dichte ist das Partikel, das Ihre Leber herstellt, um Triglyceride in den Rest des K\u00f6rpers zu transportieren.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>As it drops off its cargo it shrinks, becoming IDL and then LDL. It carries ApoB the whole way, so it counts toward your harmful particle total from start to finish.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-is-apob-important\/\">Warum ist ApoB wichtig?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#apob\">ApoB<\/a><a href=\"#idl\">IDL<\/a><a href=\"#remnant-cholesterol\">Remnant Cholesterol<\/a><a href=\"#triglycerides\">Triglyceride<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vo2-max\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VO2-Max<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>VO2 max ist die maximale Sauerstoffmenge, die Ihr K\u00f6rper bei maximaler Anstrengung nutzen kann. Es ist das Standardma\u00df f\u00fcr die kardiorespiratorische Fitness.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is one of the strongest predictors of lifespan we have. It is also not a plaque test \u2014 world-class VO2 max values have been recorded in people with severe coronary disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-heart-older-than-you-are-the-science-of-turning-back-the-cardiovascular-clock\/\">Read: Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? The Science of Turning Back the Cardiovascular Clock<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#aerobic-exercise\">Aerobik<\/a><a href=\"#cardiorespiratory-fitness\">Kardiorespiratorische Fitness<\/a><a href=\"#silent-ischemia\">Stumme Isch\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#vascular-age\">Vascular Age<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vo%e2%82%82-max-maximum-oxygen-uptake\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VO\u2082 Max (Maximum Oxygen Uptake)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The maximum rate at which the body can consume oxygen during intense exercise, expressed in milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute; it is the gold-standard measure of cardiovascular fitness and aerobic capacity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>VO\u2082 max was the key metric that first signaled Dr. Megdal&#039;s decline and later confirmed his recovery after dietary change.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-i-reversed-my-heart-disease\/\">Read: How I Reversed My Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vo%e2%82%82-max-test\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">VO\u2082 Max Test<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein kardiopulmonaler Belastungstest, der die maximale Rate misst, mit der der K\u00f6rper w\u00e4hrend einer stufenweisen Belastung bis zur Ersch\u00f6pfung Sauerstoff aufnehmen kann; er ist der Goldstandard f\u00fcr die aerobe Fitness und kann in Kombination mit einer EKG-\u00dcberwachung auch Isch\u00e4mien aufdecken, die erst bei nahezu maximaler Anstrengung auftreten.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The VO\u2082 max test is what finally detected the author&#039;s ischemia after resting and sub-maximal tests appeared normal.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"volume-outcome-paradox\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Volume\u2013Outcome Paradox<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The volume\u2013outcome paradox is the observation that intensive lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapy produce only modest reductions in measured plaque volume (typically 1\u20133%) yet yield 15\u201330% reductions in major cardiovascular events; the paradox is resolved by recognizing that the primary benefit comes from structural plaque stabilization \u2014 thickening of the fibrous cap, clearing of the nec\u2026<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It explains why imaging showing &#039;only a little&#039; regression still translates into a dramatically lower risk of heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/fit-fast-and-almost-dead-how-a-world-class-cyclist-discovered-silent-heart-disease\/\">Read: Fit, Fast, and Almost Dead: How a World-Class Cyclist Discovered Silent Heart Disease<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"volumetric-plaque-quantification\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Volumetric Plaque Quantification<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A computational technique, employed by AI-QCT platforms such as Cleerly, that measures the three-dimensional volume and composition of coronary plaque from CT data rather than relying on visual estimation of lumen narrowing.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It detects and characterizes plaque that the human eye misses on standard coronary CT scans, changing clinical management in a substantial proportion of patients.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ldl-bad-cholesterol-apolipoprotein-b-imaging-resolution-and-the-illusion-of-normal-coronary-arteries-at-age-60\/\">Read: LDL \u201cBAD\u201d Cholesterol: Apolipoprotein B, Imaging Resolution, and the Illusion of \u201cNormal\u201d Coronary Arteries at Age 60<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"voxel\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Voxel<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das dreidimensionale \u00c4quivalent eines Pixels \u2013 eine winzige kubische Volumeneinheit in einem CT-Datensatz; KI-QCT analysiert jedes Voxel einzeln, um den Gewebetyp in der Herzkranzarterienwand zu charakterisieren, anstatt sich auf den visuellen Gesamteindruck zu verlassen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Understanding voxels explains why AI can detect plaque details invisible to the human eye on a standard scan.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-future-of-heart-disease-management\/\">Read: The Future of Heart Disease Management<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"vulnerable-plaque\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Vulnerable Plaque<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Eine vulnerable Plaque ist eine Plaque mit hohem Risiko des Aufrei\u00dfens: eine d\u00fcnne Kappe, ein gro\u00dfer fettiger Kern, aktive Entz\u00fcndung und oft eine Ausbuchtung der Arterie nach au\u00dfen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>These plaques frequently do not narrow the artery much, which is exactly the problem. They can look unimpressive on a test right up until the day they cause a heart attack.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/exercise-doesnt-erase-arterial-plaque-it-turns-it-to-stone\/\">Read: Exercise Doesn&#8217;t Erase Arterial Plaque &#8211; It Turns It to Stone!<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fibrous-cap\">Fibrose Kappe<\/a><a href=\"#lipid-core\">Lipid Core<\/a><a href=\"#necrotic-core\">Necrotic Core<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-rupture\">Plaque-Ruptur<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-w\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">W<\/h2><article id=\"w%c2%b7kg%e2%81%bb%c2%b9-watts-per-kilogram\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">W\u00b7kg\u207b\u00b9 (Watts per Kilogram)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A power-to-weight ratio used in cycling to normalize performance across riders of different body mass; it is the standard metric for comparing endurance cycling ability and correlates closely with VO\u2082max.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It allows a direct, fair comparison between athletes of different sizes and age groups, making it the benchmark for evaluating where any cyclist stands relative to peers.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/physiological-optimization-and-lifespan-performance-modeling-in-elite-masters-cycling\/\">Physiologische Optimierung und Modellierung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit \u00fcber die Lebensspanne im Elite-Masters-Radsport<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"waist-circumference\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Waist Circumference<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Der Taillenumfang ist einfach das Ma\u00df um Ihre K\u00f6rpermitte, gemessen auf H\u00f6he Ihres Bauchnabels.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It is a rough but useful estimate of visceral fat, and it often tells you more about heart risk than the number on your scale. A tape measure is a genuinely underrated health tool.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/why-belly-fat-is-more-dangerous-than-you-think\/\">Warum Bauchfett gef\u00e4hrlicher ist, als Sie denken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#belly-fat\">Belly Fat<\/a><a href=\"#body-mass-index\">Body Mass Index<\/a><a href=\"#metabolic-syndrome\">Metabolisches Syndrom<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"wall-shear-stress\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Wandschubspannung<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Wall shear stress is the frictional force exerted by flowing blood on the inner surface of an artery; low, oscillatory, or multidirectional shear stress at arterial bends and bifurcations promotes endothelial dysfunction and plaque initiation, whereas high, uniform shear stress in straight segments is generally protective.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article argues that high-speed, turbulent blood flow during intense exercise creates abnormal shear patterns at anatomically susceptible coronary sites, contributing to focal glycocalyx damage and plaque formation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/do-endurance-sports-help-or-hurt-arteries\/\">Read: Do endurance sports help or hurt arteries?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"warm-up-angina\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Aufw\u00e4rmangina<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Warm-up angina is the clinical phenomenon in which ischemic chest discomfort that appears at the start of exercise is reduced or abolished during a subsequent bout, due to collateral recruitment, ischemic preconditioning, and improved ventricular-vascular coupling. Its prevalence is reported in roughly 50\u201380% of patients with stable angina.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It creates a false sense of security for athletes: the pain goes away, but the underlying blockage remains, making it a particularly dangerous warning sign to dismiss.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/how-your-workout-blocks-pain-the-deadly-secret-of-the-athletes-heart\/\">Read: How Your Workout Blocks Pain: The Deadly Secret of the Athlete&#8217;s Heart<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"warranty-period-cac\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Warranty Period (CAC)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An informal clinical term describing the duration over which a CAC score of zero reliably predicts very low cardiovascular event rates; a prospective study of 9,715 asymptomatic individuals found this period extends approximately 15 years in low-to-intermediate-risk populations, though it is shortened in diabetics and heavy smokers.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The warranty period concept helps clinicians and patients understand how long a zero score remains actionable without rescanning.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"wattage-watts-as-energy-output\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Wattage (Watts as Energy Output)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>In cycling, watts measure the mechanical power a rider produces; at the intensity required for an hour record, sustaining even a few additional watts over the full effort determines whether a world record is broken.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Power output is the most precise way to quantify cardiovascular and muscular effort, and is central to how exercise prescriptions are written in cardiac rehabilitation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-the-dedham-times-article\/\">Read: Peter Megdal interviewed in Dedham Times<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"watts-power-output-in-cycling\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Watts (Power Output in Cycling)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The unit used to quantify a cyclist&#039;s mechanical power output; in track racing, small differences in watts translate directly into measurable changes in speed and distance covered over an hour.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Megdal explains that temperature changes affect output by roughly five watts per ten degrees, illustrating how precisely power must be managed in record attempts.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/peter-megdal-featured-in-dedham-times\/\">Peter Megdal im Dedham Times vorgestellt<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"weight-loss\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Weight Loss<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Gewichtsverlust bedeutet die Reduzierung von K\u00f6rperfett, sei es durch Ern\u00e4hrungsumstellung, Sport, Medikamente oder Operationen.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Losing visceral fat improves blood pressure, blood sugar, and triglycerides substantially. Its effect on ApoB is usually more modest, which is why weight loss alone often does not fix a high particle count.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/ozempic-and-mounjaro-saving-your-heart-before-the-scale-moves\/\">Read: Ozempic and Mounjaro: Saving Your Heart BEFORE the Scale Moves<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#belly-fat\">Belly Fat<\/a><a href=\"#glp-1-receptor-agonist\">GLP-1 Receptor Agonist<\/a><a href=\"#obesity\">Fettleibigkeit<\/a><a href=\"#semaglutide\">Semaglutid<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"white-matter-hyperintensities-wmh\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">White-Matter Hyperintensities (WMH)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>White-matter hyperintensities are bright regions seen on MRI brain scans that reflect damage to the white matter of the brain, most commonly caused by chronic small-vessel disease and reduced blood flow.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>WMH are a visible imaging marker of cumulative cerebrovascular injury and commonly coexist with both vascular dementia and Alzheimer&#039;s-type pathology.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-alzheimers-actually-start-in-your-arteries\/\">Beginnt Alzheimer tats\u00e4chlich in den Arterien?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"whitehall-ii-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Whitehall II Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Whitehall II is a long-running prospective cohort study of British civil servants, begun in 1985, that has been a major source of evidence on how occupational stress, social position, and biological markers relate to cardiovascular and other health outcomes. The article cites it for the finding that a flatter diurnal cortisol slope predicted cardiovascular mortality.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Whitehall II is one of the most influential cohort studies in cardiovascular epidemiology, and its name appears repeatedly in the stress-and-heart literature.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/does-stress-kill-you-and-does-meditation-save-you\/\">Read: Does stress kill you and does meditation save you?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"who-monica-project\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">WHO MONICA Project<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Das WHO MONICA-Projekt (Multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) war eine gro\u00dfe internationale Studie, die in den 1980er und 1990er Jahren die H\u00e4ufigkeit von Herzinfarkten und deren Ergebnisse in Dutzenden von Populationen untersuchte, wobei unterschieden wurde, wie viel des R\u00fcckgangs der Sterblichkeit auf weniger Herzinfarkte im Vergleich zu einem besseren \u00dcberleben nach einem Infarkt zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren war.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>MONICA provided the clearest evidence that roughly two-thirds of the coronary mortality decline came from fewer events, not from better treatment \u2014 shaping how we understand prevention versus rescue.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-history-of-cardiovascular-disease\/\">Die Geschichte der Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"whole-food-plant-based-diet\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Whole Food Plant-Based Diet<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A whole food plant-based diet is built from vegetables, fruit, beans, whole grains, nuts, and seeds, with animal products and processed foods largely removed.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The strictest versions are the only dietary approach that has been paired with imaging evidence of coronary plaque actually shrinking. Those studies were small and intensive, and the diets are demanding to sustain.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-only-diet-proven-to-shrink-arterial-plaque-its-not-mediterranean\/\">Read: The Only Diet Proven to Shrink Arterial Plaque (It\u2019s Not Mediterranean!)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#fiber\">Faser<\/a><a href=\"#mediterranean-diet\">Mediterrane Di\u00e4t<\/a><a href=\"#plant-based-diet\">Plant-Based Diet<\/a><a href=\"#plaque-regression\">Plaquer\u00fcckbildung<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"wide-detector-ct-wide-area-detector-ct\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Wide-Detector CT (Wide-Area Detector CT)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A CT scanner with a detector wide enough (typically 16 cm) to capture the entire heart in a single heartbeat, reducing motion-related &#039;stitching&#039; artifacts and allowing high-quality coronary images at lower radiation doses in suitable patients.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The article explains that marketing terms like &#039;640-slice&#039; describe this detector architecture, and that the technology&#039;s real advantage is artifact reduction rather than inherently superior risk prediction.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/a-new-way-of-looking-inside-your-heart-without-surgery-the-best-way-to-predict-a-heart-attack\/\">Ein neuer Blick in Ihr Herz ganz ohne Operation \u2013 Der beste Weg, einen Herzinfarkt vorherzusagen<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"womens-health-initiative-whi\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Women&#039;s Health Initiative (WHI)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A large U.S. randomized controlled trial launched in the 1990s that examined the long-term health effects of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women; its 2002 report linking combined estrogen-progestin therapy to increased breast cancer and cardiovascular events dramatically shifted clinical prescribing practices, though subsequent analyses added important nuance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The WHI remains the most influential study shaping current attitudes toward hormone therapy, so understanding what it found\u2014and its limitations\u2014is essential for any reader of menopause research.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/menopause-endocrine-cardiovascular-risks\/\">Menopause Endokrine Kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiken<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"womens-health-study\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Women&#039;s Health Study<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A long-term prospective cohort study of nearly 28,000 women; its 30-year follow-up, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2024, demonstrated that hs-CRP was a stronger predictor of cardiovascular events than LDL cholesterol, reshaping risk-stratification guidelines.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This trial is the central evidence base for the argument that inflammation markers belong alongside cholesterol in routine cardiac risk assessment.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"working-diagnosis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Working Diagnosis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Ein vorl\u00e4ufiges klinisches Etikett, das angewendet wird, wenn erste Befunde eine Diagnose best\u00e4tigen (hier einen echten Myokardinfarkt), die zugrunde liegende Ursache jedoch unbestimmt bleibt, was ausdr\u00fccklich signalisiert, dass weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich sind, anstatt dass die Behandlung abgeschlossen ist.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Knowing MINOCA is a working diagnosis helps patients advocate for continued evaluation instead of accepting &#039;clear pipes&#039; as a final answer.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-invisible-infarction-a-deep-research-verification-of-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-management-in-minoca\/\">Der unsichtbare Infarkt: Eine tiefgehende Forschungs\u00fcberpr\u00fcfung der Mechanismen, Diagnose und Behandlung bei MINOCA<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-x\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">X<\/h2><article id=\"xanthoma\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Xanthoma<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A xanthoma is a yellowish deposit of cholesterol that builds up in the skin or in tendons, most often around the knuckles, elbows, knees, or the Achilles tendon.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>They are a visible sign of very high cholesterol, usually from an inherited condition. When they appear in a child, it points toward the severe inherited form and calls for urgent evaluation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/children-with-60-year-old-arteries-the-extreme-reality-of-hofh\/\">Read: Children With 60-Year-Old Arteries: The Extreme Reality of HoFH<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Familial Hypercholesterolemia<\/a><a href=\"#homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia\">Homozygote famili\u00e4re Hypercholesterin\u00e4mie<\/a><a href=\"#ldl-cholesterol\">LDL-Cholesterin<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"xeno-antigen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Xeno-Antigen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A foreign molecular structure recognized by the immune system as non-self; dietary Neu5Gc incorporated into human cell surfaces acts as a xeno-antigen because the human body naturally produces antibodies against it.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>The immune system&#039;s reaction to this foreign tag is what triggers the chronic inflammation potentially linking red meat to heart disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/qa-can-your-love-for-red-meat-be-dangerous\/\">Read: Q&#038;A: Can Your Love for Red Meat Be Dangerous?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"xeno-autoantigen\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Xeno-Autoantigen<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A xeno-autoantigen is a foreign molecule that, once incorporated into the body&#039;s own tissues, is targeted by the immune system as if it were both self and non-self simultaneously; Neu5Gc functions as a xeno-autoantigen when it is metabolically embedded into the human vascular endothelium after red meat consumption.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This dual identity\u2014foreign origin but self-location\u2014is what makes the resulting immune attack on blood vessel walls uniquely damaging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"xenosialitis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Xenosialitis<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>Xenosialitis is a state of chronic, smoldering vascular inflammation that arises when dietary Neu5Gc from red meat is incorporated into human endothelial tissue and subsequently attacked by the body&#039;s own anti-Neu5Gc antibodies, which recognize it as a foreign &#039;xeno-autoantigen.&#039;<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>This mechanism is proposed to explain cardiovascular events in people who lack conventional risk factors, linking red meat consumption directly to arterial inflammation.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-your-immune-system-at-war-with-your-steak\/\">Read: Is Your Immune System at War With Your Steak?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><section id=\"chd-glossary-1-letter-z\" class=\"chd-glossary__letter-section\"><h2 class=\"chd-glossary__letter\">Z<\/h2><article id=\"z-score-aortic\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Z-Score (Aortic)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An aortic Z-score is a statistical measure that expresses how many standard deviations an individual&#039;s aortic diameter deviates from the mean expected for a person of the same age, sex, and body size, allowing clinicians to distinguish physiological athletic enlargement from pathological dilation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Because elite athletes naturally have larger aortas, raw diameter measurements alone are misleading \u2014 the Z-score corrects for body size to reveal whether a &#039;big pipe&#039; is healthy adaptation or early disease.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/the-athletes-aorta-healthy-heart-or-hidden-time-bomb\/\">Die Sportler-Aorta: Gesundes Herz oder versteckte Zeitbombe?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"zero-calcium-score\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Kalkscore von null<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>A zero calcium score means a CT scan found no hardened plaque in your heart&#039;s arteries at all.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>For most middle-aged adults this is genuinely good news and predicts a low risk over the next decade. It is not a permanent clearance, though. Young people and those with very high Lp(a) can carry soft plaque that a calcium scan cannot see.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/power-of-zero-no-calcium-no-risk\/\">Lies: Kraft der Null: Kein Calcium \u2013 Kein Risiko?<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#calcified-plaque\">Verkalkte Plaque<\/a><a href=\"#coronary-artery-calcium-score\">Koronarkalk-Score<\/a><a href=\"#lipoproteina\">Lipoprotein(a)<\/a><a href=\"#subclinical-atherosclerosis\">Subclinical Atherosclerosis<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"zero-risk-hypothesis\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Null-Risiko-Hypothese<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>The zero-risk hypothesis proposes that atherosclerosis is not an inevitable consequence of aging but a substrate-dependent disease that requires sustained exposure to ApoB-containing lipoproteins to initiate; if lifelong circulating ApoB and LDL-C are kept near newborn baseline levels (roughly 10\u201320 mg\/dL), the probability of initiating any atherosclerotic lesion approaches zero.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It reframes heart disease as potentially preventable from birth rather than an inevitable part of aging.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/is-heart-disease-a-choice-the-zero-risk-secret-to-stopping-plaque\/\">Ist Herzkrankheit eine Wahl? Das \u2018Null-Risiko\u2019-Geheimnis zum Stoppen von Plaque<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"zetia-ezetimibe\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Zetia (Ezetimibe)<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An oral lipid-lowering drug that reduces LDL cholesterol by blocking the NPC1L1 transporter in the intestine, limiting the absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol; it is often added to statin therapy when LDL targets are not met.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>Identifying Zetia&#039;s mechanism helps readers understand how combining multiple drug classes can achieve very low LDL goals.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/heart-disease-in-masters-athletes-how-i-reversed-my-artery-blockages-and-set-a-world-record-at-65\/\">Herzerkrankung bei Masters-Sportlern: Wie ich meine Arterienverkalkung r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig machte und mit 65 einen Weltrekord aufstellte<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><article id=\"ziltivekimab\" class=\"chd-glossary__term\"><h3 class=\"chd-glossary__term-title\">Ziltivekimab<\/h3><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Definition<\/p><p>An investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits IL-6 signaling and is being evaluated in clinical trials for patients with chronic kidney disease and elevated CRP, representing a targeted pharmacological approach to reducing residual inflammatory cardiovascular risk.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"chd-glossary__field\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">Warum es wichtig ist<\/p><p>It illustrates the next frontier of heart therapy\u2014directly silencing the inflammatory pathway rather than only lowering cholesterol.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__learn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.curingheartdisease.com\/de\/inflammation-lipoproteins-and-the-end-of-the-ldl-centric-era\/\">Read: Inflammation, Lipoproteins, and the End of the LDL-Centric Era<\/a><\/p><div class=\"chd-glossary__related\"><p class=\"chd-glossary__label\">\u00c4hnliche Begriffe<\/p><p><a href=\"#glossary\">Glossar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/article><a class=\"chd-glossary__backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/section><\/div><p class=\"chd-glossary__empty\" hidden>No glossary terms matched your search.<\/p><a class=\"chd-glossary__mobile-backtop\" href=\"#chd-glossary-1-top\">Nach oben<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Glossar<\/p>","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12399","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - 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